Abstract: A positioning method includes: establishing a positioning session between a plurality of positioning devices including a first positioning device and a second positioning device; obtaining line-of-sight/non-line-of-sight status (LOS/NLOS status) for a plurality of positioning device pairs, each being a pair of the plurality of positioning devices; and transmitting a disable message to the first positioning device based on the LOS/NLOS status of at least one of the first positioning device or the second positioning device being non-line-of-sight relative to at least a subset of the plurality of positioning devices, the disable message indicating to disable at least one of transmission of one or more first positioning reference signals from the first positioning device or measurement of one or more second positioning reference signals from the second positioning device by the first positioning device.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing a hot rolled steel sheet having excellent formability and fatigue properties, including: preparing a slab including, by weight %, 0.3 to 0.8% of carbon C, 13 to 25% of manganese (Mn), 0.1 to 1.0% of vanadium (V), 0.005 to 2.0% of silicon (Si), 0.01 to 2.5% of aluminum (Al), 0.03% or less of phosphorus (P), 0.03% or less of sulfur (S), 0.04% or less (excluding 0%) of nitrogen (N), and a remainder of iron (Fe) and inevitable impurities; heating the slab to 1050 to 1250° C.; finish rolling, the slab heated in the heating, at a temperature of not lower than a recrystallization temperature of a region having an average V concentration and not higher than a recrystallization temperature of a region having twice the average V concentration, to obtain a hot rolled steel sheet; and coiling the hot-rolled steel sheet at 50 to 700° C.

Abstract: Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a first user equipment (UE) may identify a plurality of UEs for a UE positioning session. The UE may identify a set of parameters for the UE positioning session. The UE may broadcast information indicating at least the set of parameters for the UE positioning session. The UE may receive, from at least one of the plurality of UEs, a set of positioning reference signals (PRSs) based at least in part on the set of parameters. The UE may broadcast, based at least in part on the set of PRSs, positioning information. Numerous other aspects are provided.

Abstract: A method of wireless communication by a positioning entity includes determining an accuracy of a positioning estimate of a first non-anchor sidelink user equipment (UE). The method also includes determining the accuracy satisfies an accuracy condition. The method further includes configuring the first non-anchor sidelink UE as a first anchor UE based on the positioning estimate satisfying the accuracy condition.

Abstract: A method of reinforcement learning of a neural network device for generating a verification vector for verifying a circuit design comprising a circuit block includes inputting a test vector to the circuit block, generating one or more rewards based on a coverage corresponding to the test vector, the coverage being determined based on a state transition of the circuit block based on the test vector, and applying the one or more rewards to a reinforcement learning.

Abstract: A method for producing an aqueous solution containing nickel or cobalt includes: (A) a leaching step, which includes a first atmospheric pressure heating leaching step and a second atmospheric pressure heating leaching step, in which a raw material is heated and leached under an atmospheric pressure to form a leachate solution containing nickel, cobalt, and impurities; (B) a first extraction step of separating the leachate solution into a first filtrate containing nickel and impurities and a first organic layer containing cobalt and impurities by adding a first solvent extractant to the leachate solution; (C-i) a precipitation removal step of precipitating and removing impurities including magnesium, calcium, or a mixture thereof by adding a precipitating agent to the first filtrate; and (D-i) a target material precipitation step of selectively precipitating a nickel cake containing nickel by adding a neutralizing agent to the first filtrate.

Abstract: In a particular implementation, a method of wireless communication includes transmitting, from a first user equipment (UE) to a second UE, a radio resource control (RRC) request that includes a first discontinuous reception (DRX) preference at the first UE. The method also includes receiving, at the first UE from the second UE, a RRC setup message that includes a second DRX preference at the second UE. The method further includes transmitting, from the first UE to the second UE, a RRC setup complete message that includes an indication of a confirmed DRX cycle.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a display device, which may be fabricated using a described method. The display device includes a glass substrate including a first surface, a second surface opposite the first surface, and a side surface between the first surface and the second surface, an outermost structure on the first surface of the glass substrate and located adjacent to an edge of one side of the glass substrate, and a display area including a plurality of light emitting areas on the first surface of the glass substrate and located farther from the edge of the one side of the glass substrate than the outermost structure is. A minimum distance from the side surface of the glass substrate to the outermost structure is equal to 130 ?m or less.

Abstract: Aspects relate to group-based positioning reference signal (PRS) broadcast in a wireless communication network. Wireless communication devices communicating over a sidelink channel in the wireless communication network may be grouped into one or more positioning groups. Within each positioning group, a respective order of the wireless communication devices in the positioning group may be identified. The wireless communication devices in a positioning group may then communicate PRSs therebetween over the sidelink channel based on the order of wireless communication devices in the positioning group.

Abstract: A vehicle-enabled user equipment (VUE) and related techniques are disclosed. In one aspect, the VUE issues a periodic broadcast, or signals a response to a requesting source, identifying its location management capability (LMC). The UE forms a link with a recipient VUE of the broadcast to perform joint localization of the pedestrian UE (PUE). Joint localization by VUE and another VUE may be performed by VUEs and PUEs in the region exchanging ranging signals and ego measurements. The VUE determines a location jointly of the PUE. The location can be determined upon a request, periodically, or in response to a triggered event.

Abstract: A user equipment (UE) in a vehicle (V-UE) broadcasts multi-phased ranging signals with which other entities may determine the range to the V-UE. The multi-phased ranging signals may include a first message, which may be broadcast in the Intelligent Transport System (ITS) spectrum, includes ranging information, such as a source identifier, location information for the broadcasting V-UE, and an expected time of broadcast of the ranging signal. The ranging signal may then be broadcast at the expected time and may include the source identifier. A second message, which be broadcast in the ITS spectrum, may include clock error information for the V-UE. A receiving entity may determine the range to the V-UE based on the time of arrival of the ranging signal and the expected time of transmission, as well as the clock error information. The receiving entity may further generate a position estimate based on the received location information.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A base station may transmit a request for a first user equipment (UE) to provide sensing capability information associated with UEs other than the first UE (e.g., an indication of one or more sensors associated with the corresponding UE, an orientation of the corresponding UE, a field of view associated with the corresponding UE). Additionally, the first UE may receive, from each of a set of second UEs, indications of the sensing capability information associated with the corresponding second UEs. Based on the sensing capability information indicated for each of the set of second UEs, the first UE select a subset of second UEs and transmit an indication of the sensing capability information associated with the subset of second UEs to the base station.

Abstract: Provided are a hot rolled steel sheet having excellent crashworthiness and a method for manufacturing same. The hot rolled steel sheet of the present invention contains, in weight %, 0.05-0.13% of carbon (C), 0.2-2.0% of silicon (Si), 1.3-3.0% of manganese (Mn), 0.01-0.1% of aluminum (Al), 0.001-0.05% of phosphor (P), 0.001-0.05% of sulfur (S), 0.001-0.02% of nitrogen (N), and the balance being Fe and other inevitable impurities, and has a steel microstructure comprising, in area %, 55% or more of bainitic ferrite, 10% or more of a martensite/austenite composite phase (MA), the sum of the bainitic ferrite and the martensite/austenite composite phase (MA) being 95% or more, and the remaining total being less than 5% of granular ferrite, retained austenite, and carbides.

Abstract: The bandwidth of ranging signals used in ranging session in a distributed system are dynamically adjusted based on the accuracy of the ranging over multiple ranging sessions and optionally based on the probability of successful Listen Before Transmit (LBT) procedure over the multiple ranging sessions. The accuracy of the ranging may be determined, e.g., based on the variance of determined ranges over a number of ranging sessions, which may be compared to a threshold to indicate low accuracy ranging. The bandwidth of the ranging signals may be increased based on an indication of low accuracy ranging. If the ranging signals are broadcast on unlicensed spectrum using LBT procedures, the probability of successful LBT procedures by the initiator UE, the responder UEs, or all participating UEs may be used to determine whether bandwidth of the ranging signals should be decreased.

Abstract: Techniques are provided for sidelink positioning with a single anchor using distributed antenna systems. An example method for determining relative locations of two stations includes determining a first round trip time for positioning reference signals transmitted between a first station and a first antenna of a second station, determining a second round trip time for the positioning reference signals transmitted between the first station and a second antenna of the second station, wherein the first antenna and the second antenna are disposed in different locations proximate to the second station, and determining relative locations of the first station and the second station based at least in part on the first round trip time and the second round trip time.

Abstract: A vehicle-enabled user equipment (VUE) and related techniques are disclosed. In one aspect, the VUE issues a periodic broadcast, or signals a response to a requesting source, identifying its location management capability (LMC). The UE forms a link with a recipient VUE of the broadcast to perform joint localization of the pedestrian UE (PUE). Joint localization by VUE and another VUE may be performed by VUEs and PUEs in the region exchanging ranging signals and ego measurements. The VUE determines a location jointly of the PUE. The location can be determined upon a request, periodically, or in response to a triggered event.

Abstract: A UE includes: a wireless transceiver; a directional, reflection-based ranging system configured to determine directions and distances between the UE and reflectors; and a processor configured to: obtain, from the ranging system (1) a first direction, between the UE and a particular reflector, and (2) a first distance, between the UE and the particular reflector, corresponding to the first direction; determine, based on a positioning reference signal (PRS) received by the wireless transceiver from a PRS source (3) a second direction, corresponding to an angle of arrival of the PRS at the UE, and (4) a second distance, traveled by the PRS from the PRS source to the UE, corresponding to the second direction; and determine whether the second distance is a line-of-sight distance between the UE and the PRS source based on the first direction, the first distance, the second direction, and the second distance.

Abstract: Aspects relate to group-based positioning reference signal (PRS) broadcast in a wireless communication network. Wireless communication devices communicating over a sidelink channel in the wireless communication network may be grouped into one or more positioning groups. Within each positioning group, a respective order of the wireless communication devices in the positioning group may be identified. The wireless communication devices in a positioning group may then communicate PRSs therebetween over the sidelink channel based on the order of wireless communication devices in the positioning group.

Abstract: A target user equipment (UE), which may be a vehicle or UE carried by a pedestrian, may receive sequentially broadcast ranging signals from a set of ranging source entities (SEs), which may be road side units or other vehicles. The target UE further receives location information separately broadcast by each SEs. The location information, for example, may include the position for the SE, the time of transmission of the ranging signals transmitted by the SE and/or a sequence identifier for the SE. The target UE may determine ranges to the SEs using time of arrival measurements for the ranging signals and the time of transmissions of the ranging signals or the sequence identifier received in the location information. The position of the target UE may be determined using the determined ranges to the SEs and the positions of the SEs received in the location information.

Abstract: Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for improving sidelink positioning via messaging between wireless nodes, e.g., roadside service units (RSUs). A method that may be performed by a user equipment (UE) includes receiving a first positioning reference signal (PRS) from a first wireless node, receiving a second PRS from a second wireless node, receiving, from the first wireless node, an estimate of a first clock error component between the first wireless node and the second wireless node, and estimating a position of the UE, based on the first PRS, the second PRS, and the estimate of the first clock error component.