Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure disclose an interaction method and apparatus. A specific embodiment of the method includes: generating, in response to determining that a request input by a user satisfies a guiding condition, guiding information, and feeding back the guiding information to the user, the guiding condition including one of the following: associating with a plurality of query intents, or associating with no query intent; and generating, based on the request and a feedback input by the user corresponding to the guiding information, an intent-clear request, and feeding back push information bound with the intent-clear request to the user. Realizing that in the process of interacting with the user, for conditions such as the request input by the user is associated with a plurality of query intents or incompleteness, an intent-clear request associated with an explicit query intent is determined through the interaction with the user.

Abstract: Provided are methods and compositions from reprogramming human glial cells into human neurons. The reprogramming is achieved using combinations of compounds that can modify signaling via Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-?), Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3), and ?-secretase/Notch pathways. The reprogramming is demonstrated using groups of three or four compounds that are chosen from the group thiazovivin, LDN193189, SB431542, TTNPB, CHIR99021, DAPT, VPA, SAG purmorphamine. Reprogramming is demonstrated using the group of LDN193189/CHIR99021/DAPT, the group of B431542/CHIR99021/DAPT, the group of LDN193189/DAPT/SB431542, the group of LDN193189/CHIR99021/SB431542, a three drug combination of SB431542/CHIR99021/DAPT. Reprogramming using functional analogs of the compounds is also provided, as are pharmaceutical formulations that contain the drug combinations.

Abstract: A luminal stent has a tube body and a skirt surrounding the tube body. The skirt has a flexible connecting section and a stent graft connected to a proximal end of the flexible connecting section. A distal end of the flexible connecting section is sealed and connected to the outer surface of the tube body. A proximal end of the stent graft is suspended and provided with a first radial support structure. When the flexible connecting section is radially compressed, at least a part of the first radial support structure is bent towards a direction distant from the tube body. Also provided is a stent system including the luminal stent. The stent system and the luminal stent can prevent type III endoleaks.

Abstract: A vacuum apparatus includes process chambers, and a transfer chamber coupled to the process chambers. The transfer chamber includes one or more vacuum ports, thorough which a gas inside the transfer chamber is exhausted, and vent ports, from which a vent gas is supplied. The one or more vacuum ports and the vent ports are arranged such that air flows from at least one of the vent ports to the one or more vacuum ports are line-symmetric with respect to a center line of the transfer chamber.

Abstract: Polishing tools and methods of polishing a glass substrate are disclosed. A polishing tool (200) includes a stem (220) and a polishing material (210) bonded to the stem (220). The polishing material (210) includes, in volume concentration, about 18% to about 42% phenolic resin, about 18% to about 30% zinc oxide, about 1% to about 10% magnesium oxide, a cooling agent, and an abrasive.

Abstract: A joint search method for UAV multiobjective path planning in an urban low altitude environment first constructs a static safety index map based on static known obstacles. Meanwhile, based on proactively detected obstacles that are not marked on a geographic map by a UAV, the method constructs online a dynamic safety index map. Second, a multiobjective path planning problem is solved using a joint offline and online search method. Moreover, this method first plans offline the least cost path from a starting point to an end point and then invokes the online search scheme to replan online a changed path when the UAV detects unknown obstacles. Thus, the UAV can avoid dynamic obstacles effectively. The online search scheme has a small search space and can quickly replan a safe path for the UAV, thus satisfying the requirement of UAV on the real-time path planning.

Abstract: Provided are methods and compositions from reprogramming human glial cells into human neurons. The reprogramming is achieved using combinations of compounds that can modify signaling via Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-?), Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3), and ?-secretase/Notch pathways. The reprogramming is demonstrated using groups of three or four compounds that are chosen from the group thiazovivin, LDN193189, SB431542, TTNPB, CHIR99021, DAPT, VPA, SAG purmorphamine. Reprogramming is demonstrated using the group of LDN193189/CHIR99021/DAPT, the group of B431542/CHIR99021/DAPT, the group of LDN193189/DAPT/SB431542, the group of LDN193189/CHIR99021/SB431542, a three drug combination of SB431542/CHIR99021/DAPT. Reprogramming using functional analogs of the compounds is also provided, as are pharmaceutical formulations that contain the drug combinations.

Abstract: Provided are methods and compositions from reprogramming human glial cells into human neurons. The reprogramming is achieved using combinations of compounds that can modify signaling via Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-?), Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3), and ?-secretase/Notch pathways. The reprogramming is demonstrated using groups of three or four compounds that are chosen from the group thiazovivin, LDN193189, SB431542, TTNPB, CHIR99021, DAPT, VPA, SAG, purmorphamine. Reprogramming is demonstrated using the group of LDN193189/CHIR99021/DAPT, the group of B431542/CHIR99021/DAPT, the group of LDN193189/DAPT/SB431542, the group of LDN193189/CHIR99021/SB431542, a three drug combination of SB431542/CHIR99021/DAPT. Reprogramming using functional analogs of the compounds is also provided, as are pharmaceutical formulations that contain the drug combinations.

Abstract: The present invention provides nucleic acids and methods for conferring resistance to bacterial disease in plants. The present invention also provides promoters and promoter sequences useful for controlling expression in transgenic plants.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a display device having a plurality of sub-pixels wherein at least one of the sub-pixels has at least one reflection area and at least two transmission areas, comprising: a first substrate; a first electrode layer disposed over the first substrate; a second substrate; a second electrode layer disposed over the second substrate; a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; and a protrusion unit disposed on the second substrate; wherein the protrusion unit is disposed correspondingly to the reflection area, and the reflection area is interposed between the transmission areas.

Abstract: A method of edge coating includes preparing a stack including a plurality of articles interleaved with spacer pads. A layer of coating material is formed on a surface of a coating roller. A perimeter of the stack is positioned at a select coating gap relative to the surface of the coating roller, and the coating material is transferred from the surface of the coating roller to perimeter edges of the articles in the stack.

Abstract: Provided are methods and compositions from reprogramming human glial cells into human neurons. The reprogramming is achieved using combinations of compounds that can modify signaling via Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-?), Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3), and ?-secretase/Notch pathways. The reprogramming is demonstrated using groups of three or four compounds that are chosen from the group thiazovivin, LDN193189, SB431542, TTNPB, CHIR99021, DAPT, VPA, SAG, purmorphamine. Reprogramming is demonstrated using the group of LDN193189/CHIR99021/DAPT, the group of B431542/CHIR99021/DAPT, the group of LDN193189/DAPT/SB431542, the group of LDN193189/CHIR99021/SB431542, a three drug combination of SB431542/CHIR99021/DAPT. Reprogramming using functional analogs of the compounds is also provided, as are pharmaceutical formulations that contain the drug combinations.

Abstract: A method of applying a protective coating to a substrate includes applying a surface treatment to edges of the substrate to increase surface wettability of the edges and/or preheating the substrate. A curable coating material is applied to the edges. Then, the substrate is spun to adjust a thickness and uniformity of the curable coating material applied on the substrate edges. The curable coating material is cured to form the protective coating on the substrate edges.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the isolation of Jatropha curcas curcin genes and tissue-specific promoters and to the production of curcin-deficient Jatropha plants. More specifically, the present invention relates to the isolation of Jatropha curcas Curcin 1, Curcin 2 and Curcin 2 A. The present invention further relates to of the Curcin 1, Curcin 2 A and Curcin 2 genes and more particularly to tissue specific promoters of the Curcin 1 and Curcin 2A genes. The present invention further relates to production of curcin-deficient transgenic jatropha plants by using RNAi technology to suppress curcin gene expression.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of carbonaceous heat sink includes a mixing step and a molding step. In the mixing step, a graphite material is mixed with a thermosetting binder to obtain a mixture. In the molding step, the mixture is pressure formed with a mold into the carbonaceous heat sink, Preferably, the carbonaceous heat sink can increase its carbonaceous percentage by using a heat treating step. The manufacturing method can produce carbonaceous heat sinks with a high carbonaceous percentage with a low cost.

Abstract: The present invention provides nucleic acids and methods for conferring resistance to bacterial disease in plants. The present invention also provides promoters and promoter sequences useful for controlling expression in transgenic plants.

Abstract: When a NAS apparatus is directly connected to a network and an external apparatus simultaneously, the external apparatus is able to access the NAS apparatus, and the NAS apparatus concurrently communicates with the network for executing a specific function. A method of configuring the NAS apparatus includes: allocating a first storage unit in the NAS apparatus; and setting an attribute of the first storage unit such that the first storage unit is allowed to be read by the NAS apparatus or the external apparatus, and written by the NAS apparatus or the external apparatus.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the isolation of Jatropha curcas curcin genes and tissue-specific promoters and to the production of curcin-deficient Jatropha plants. More specifically, the present invention relates to the isolation of Jatropha curcas Curcin 1, Curcin 2 and Curcin 2 A. The present invention further relates to of the Curcin 1, Curcin 2 A and Curcin 2 genes and more particularly to tissue specific promoters of the Curcin 1 and Curcin 2A genes. The present invention further relates to production of curcin-deficient transgenic jatropha plants by using RNAi technology to suppress curcin gene expression.

Abstract: An access method of a volatile memory accesses the volatile memory via a block access fashion. The volatile memory includes a plurality of blocks. The method includes: performing a reading operation for a block having at least one known bad cell among the blocks, which includes reading a block data and an error correction code data corresponding to the block and applying the ECC data to correct data read from the at least one known bad cell to generate a corrected block data.

Abstract: A storage apparatus has a first storage unit and a second storage unit. A method for performing storage management upon the storage apparatus includes: storing an input data into the first storage unit; and, while the input data is being stored into the first storage unit, checking whether the input data is continuous, wherein a portion of the input data which is not stored into the first storage unit yet will be stored into the first storage unit if the input data is found to be continuous, and the portion of the input data which is not stored into the first storage unit yet will be stored into the second storage unit if the input data is found to not be continuous.