Abstract: Some implementations of the invention provide hidden static images. Some such images can only be perceived when viewed from an angle to the normal to a surface. Such images may appear as a solid color when viewed along an axis perpendicular to a surface, but may reveal a hidden image when viewed from an angle relative to that axis. The hidden image may be defined according to interfaces between areas that pass substantially the same wavelength when viewed along the axis, but which pass noticeably different wavelengths when viewed from an angle relative to that axis. The hidden images may or may not be discernable to a human observer. The hidden image may comprise a code that is not readable by an optical scanner positioned to read along an axis normal to a surface, but that is readable by an optical scanner positioned to read along another axis.

Abstract: In various embodiments described herein, a device comprising a light guiding layer optically coupled to a photocell is described. A plurality of surface features are formed on one the surface of the light guiding layer. The surface features can comprise facets that are angled with respect to each other. Light incident on the surface of the light guide is redirected by the surface features and guided through the light guide by multiple total internal reflections. The guided light is directed towards a photocell.

Abstract: A process for the production of a mono-olefin from a feedstock comprising a paraffinic hydrocabon which process comprises a) partially combusting at a pressure of at least (15) barg a mixture of the hydrocarbon feed and a molecular oxygen-containing gas in contact with a catalyst capable of supporting combustion beyond the normal fuel rich limit of flammability where they are reacted to form a product comprising one or more mono-olefin(s), carbon monoxide and hydrogen and b) recovering the one or more olefin(s).

Abstract: In certain embodiments, a device is provided that utilizes both interferometrically reflected light and transmitted light. Light incident on the device is interferometrically reflected from a plurality of layers of the device to emit light in a first direction, the interferometrically reflected light having a first color. Light from a light source is transmitted through the plurality of layers of the device to emit from the device in the first direction, the transmitted light having a second color.

Abstract: One inventive aspect relates to a display comprising a display element configured to selectively reflect light of a first wavelength in the infrared range and light of a second wavelength in the visible spectrum. Another inventive aspect relates to a color display comprising at least three reflective display elements. Each display element is configured to selectively reflect light of a different wavelength in the visible range. At least one of the three reflective display element is further configured to selectively reflect light of a wavelength in the infrared range.

Abstract: A process for the production of an olefin comprising partially combusting in a reaction zone a mixture of a hydrocarbon and an oxygen-containing gas in the presence of a catalyst which is capable of supporting combustion beyond the fuel rich limit of flammability to produce the olefin, wherein the superficial feed velocity of said mixture is at least 250 cm s?-1? at standard temperature and operating pressure with the proviso that where the catalyst is an unsupported catalyst, the superficial feed velocity of said mixture is at least 300 cm s?1 at standard temperature and operating pressure.

Abstract: A process for the production of an olefin from a hydrocarbon by autothermal cracking, which process comprises: partially combusting the hydrocarbon and an oxygen-containing gas in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the stoichiometric ratio of hydrocarbon to oxygen is 5 to 16 times the stoichiometric ratio of hydrocarbon to oxygen required for complete combustion of the hydrocarbon to carbon dioxide and water, characterised in that the catalyst comprises palladium and at least one further metal being a Group IIIA, Group IVA, VA, a transition metal or a lanthanide.

Abstract: Process for the production of an olefin comprising partially combusting in a reaction zone a mixture of a hydrocarbon and an oxygen-containing gas in the presence of a catalyst which is capable of supporting combustion beyond the fuel rich limit of flammability to produce the olefin. The superficial feed velocity of the mixture is at least 250 cm s?1 at standard temperature and operating pressure, with the proviso that where the catalyst is an unsupported catalyst, the superficial feed velocity of the mixture is at least 300 cm s?1 at standard temperature and operating pressure. The process is carried out at a pressure of at least 1.3 bara and the reaction zone is not externally heated.

Abstract: Process for the production of an olefin from a hydrocarbon, which process comprises contacting the hydrocarbon and a molecular oxygen-containing gas with a catalyst under auto-thermal conditions sufficient to produce the olefin. The catalyst comprises a component (a) and a component (b), wherein component (a) is at least one metal selected from Group IIIA, Group IVA, Group VA and the transition metals and component (b) is at least one transition metal. The catalyst does not comprise either palladium or platinum.

Abstract: The cricket conditions simulator is an educational development system for cricketers and coaches, with means of simulating a plurality of outdoor cricket competition conditions relative to cricket pitch scenarios during practice sessions, by utilizing specially designed building structures equipped with capabilities to simultaneously create a plurality of outdoor temperatures and relative humidity, illumination, visual and spectator cultural sounds as distractions, wind speeds, means to record cricketers' performances, cricket pitch deterioration and cricket ball aerodynamics; and a heat exchanger equipped with pressure, moisture content and thermal sensors located within the cricket pitch to modify cricket pitch conditions.

Abstract: Process for the conversion of synthesis gas to a product comprising liquid hydrocarbons and oxygenates. The process includes contacting synthesis gas at an elevated temperature and pressure with a mixed particulate catalyst comprising a mixture of a particulate Fischer-Tropsch catalyst and a particulate oxygenate synthesis catalyst.

Abstract: A system, apparatus, and method for providing a distributed location based service system to a mobile user. Information related to a particular geographic location may be electronically transferred to a mobile electronic device, without a request from the user, and interpreted locally on the device in the form of a virtual map of location based resources. The mobile device is capable of determining its location using a GPS (Global Positioning System) or a process of measurement and prediction based on calculation. The mobile device can then use the location information and compare it to available location based resources within the device.

Abstract: A process for the conversion of synthesis gas to a product comprising liquid hydrocarbons and oxygenates wherein said process comprises contacting synthesis gas at an elevated temperature and pressure with a mixed particulate catalyst comprising a mixture of a particulate Fischer-Tropsch catalyst and a particulate oxygenate synthesis catalyst.

Abstract: A process for operating a combustion burner employing a combustion mixture of a carbonaceous fuel, hydrogen and a molecular oxygen-containing gas and at least one solid combustion catalyst is disclosed.

Abstract: A process for the production of an olefin comprising partially combusting in a reaction zone a mixture of a hydrocarbon and an oxygen-containing gas in the presence of a catalyst which is capable of supporting combustion beyond the fuel rich limit of flammability to produce the olefin, wherein the superficial feed velocity of said mixture is at least 250 cm s?—1? at standard temperature and operating pressure with the proviso that where the catalyst is an unsupported catalyst, the superficial feed velocity of said mixture is at least 300 cm s−1 at standard temperature and operating pressure.

Abstract: A process for the production of an olefin from a hydrocarbon, which process comprises: partially combusting the hydrocarbon and an oxygen-containing gas in the presence of a catalyst, characterised in that the catalyst comprises palladium and at least one further metal, said further metal being a Group IIA, Group IVA, VA or a transition metal.

Abstract: Process for producing a mono-olefin from a feedstock containing a paraffinic hydrocarbon comprising feeding a gaseous paraffinic hydrocarbon-containing feedstock and a molecular oxygen-containing gas to an autothermal cracker wherein they are reacted in the presence of a catalyst capable of supporting combustion beyond the normal fuel rich limit of flammability to produce a product comprising one or more mono-olefin(s) and synthesis gas, and wherein the autothermal cracker is operated at a temperature greater than 650° C. and at a pressure of greater than 5 bar absolute. The product is separated into a high pressure fuel gas stream comprising methane, carbon monoxide and hydrogen and a stream comprising one or more olefins and recovering the one or more olefin(s).

Abstract: A process for the production of an olefin from a hydrocarbon, which process comprises: partially combusting the hydrocarbon and an oxygen-containing gas in the presence of a catalyst, characterised in that the catalyst comprises platinum and at least one further metal, said further metal being a Group IIIA, Group IVA, VA or a transition metal; wherein said catalyst is: a) not a platinum catalyst consisting essentially of platinum modified with Sn, Cu or mixtures thereof, and b) not a platinum catalyst consisting essentially of platinum modified with Sb or a mixture of Sb and Sn.

Abstract: A data processing system has first and second components that together perform a system functionality. The first and second components each have a respective power source. When the components are attached to each other, the power source of one of the components serves as a charger for the power source of the other component. When detached from each other, the components can communicate wirelessly with one another.

Abstract: A system, apparatus, and method for providing a distributed location based service system to a mobile user. Information related to a particular geographic location may be electronically transferred to a mobile electronic device, without a request from the user, and interpreted locally on the device in the form of a virtual map of location based resources. The mobile device is capable of determining its location using a GPS (Global Positioning System) or a process of measurement and prediction based on calculation. The mobile device can then use the location information and compare it to available location based resources within the device.