Abstract: A system is for a machine having an alternating current (AC) power source with a first side and a second side, one or more windings, an AC polarity detector, a Hall effect device, two or more pairs of power switches, and a motor controller. The motor controller determines which of the power switches to open or close to obtain a direction of current flow through the one or more windings based on signals from the AC polarity detector and the Hall effect device.

Abstract: A system and method for high speed switching comprises receiving voltage inputs at a bridge rectifier, generating a control signal from a transistor, and driving a gate of a field effect transistor (FET) via the control signal of the transistor, wherein a source of the FET is connected to a negative output of the bridge rectifier and a drain of the FET is connected to a positive output of the bridge rectifier through a load. The system and method further comprises limiting current flowing to the gate of the FET through first and second resistors and first and second diodes connecting the voltage inputs to the gate of the FET and limiting voltage to the gate of the FET below a maximum voltage rating of the FET by a Zener diode connected to the gate of the FET.

Abstract: An actuator has a first stator with four first poles, a second stator with four second poles aligned with the four first poles, at least one permanent magnet between the first stator and the second stator, four armatures positioned at terminal ends of the aligned four first poles and four second poles and coils wrapped around the first stator and the second stator. A controller selectively applies current to the coils to cause flux created by the at least one permanent magnet to traverse through selective poles of the first stator and the second stator to selectively alter air gap sizes associated with the four armatures.

Abstract: A system is for a machine having an alternating current (AC) power source with a first side and a second side, one or more windings, an AC polarity detector, a Hall effect device, two or more pairs of power switches, and a motor controller. The motor controller determines which of the power switches to open or close to obtain a direction of current flow through the one or more windings based on signals from the AC polarity detector and the Hall effect device.

Abstract: A rotor for a machine has a plurality of rotor segments, each rotor segment forming at least one rotor pole and having a plurality of permanent magnets interior to the rotor and at least one saturatable bridge section for each permanent magnet in the rotor segment, each saturatable bridge section comprising a protrusion between air regions separating a north pole and a south pole of the permanent magnet to cause a portion of magnetic flux from the permanent magnet to traverse the saturatable bridge and cause a majority of the permanent magnet flux through an air gap of a rotor-stator interface between the rotor and a stator of the machine and through a stator pole.

Abstract: Exchangeable stator components are selected and exchangeable rotor components are selected to transform a motor from one motor class to another motor class. A motor comprises at least two stator rings, at least two outer rotor rings, a first input, and a second input. The first input comprises an exchangeable stator component selected from a stator component group consisting of a stator spacer ring and an axially magnetized stator magnet ring, the axially magnetized stator magnet ring comprising a solid axially magnetized ring magnet. The second input comprises an exchangeable rotor component selected from a rotor component group consisting of a rotor spacer ring and an axially magnetized rotor magnet ring.

Abstract: A system and method for high speed switching comprises receiving voltage inputs at a bridge rectifier, generating a control signal from a transistor, and driving a gate of a field effect transistor (FET) via the control signal of the transistor, wherein a source of the FET is connected to a negative output of the bridge rectifier and a drain of the FET is connected to a positive output of the bridge rectifier through a load. The system and method further comprises limiting current flowing to the gate of the FET through first and second resistors and first and second diodes connecting the voltage inputs to the gate of the FET and limiting voltage to the gate of the FET below a maximum voltage rating of the FET by a Zener diode connected to the gate of the FET.

Abstract: A method for a circuit for a motor comprising first and second phase windings. The method comprises receiving AC power from the first and second phase windings at a DC power supply and converting the AC power to DC power and receiving AC power from the first and second phase windings by at least one power switch between the first and second phase windings and switching the AC power by the at least one power switch. The method includes preventing the DC power supply from collapsing, by a first component connected to the DC power supply, when the at least one power switch is on during a first portion of an AC cycle and preventing the DC power supply from collapsing, by a second component connected to the DC power supply, when the at least one power switch is on during a second portion of the AC cycle.

Abstract: A system and method for high speed switching comprises receiving voltage inputs at a bridge rectifier, generating a control signal from a transistor, and driving a gate of a field effect transistor (FET) via the control signal of the transistor, wherein a source of the FET is connected to a negative output of the bridge rectifier and a drain of the FET is connected to a positive output of the bridge rectifier through a load. The system and method further comprises limiting current flowing to the gate of the FET through first and second resistors and first and second diodes connecting the voltage inputs to the gate of the FET and limiting voltage to the gate of the FET below a maximum voltage rating of the FET by a Zener diode connected to the gate of the FET.

Abstract: A method is for a circuit for a motor comprising first and second phase windings. The method comprises receiving alternating current (AC) power from the first and second phase windings at a direct current (DC) power supply and converting the AC power to DC power and receiving AC power from the first and second phase windings by at least one power switch between the first and second phase windings and switching the AC power by the at least one power switch. The method includes preventing the DC power supply from collapsing, by a first component connected to the DC power supply, when the at least one power switch is on during a first portion of an AC cycle and preventing the DC power supply from collapsing, by a second component connected to the DC power supply, when the at least one power switch is on during a second portion of the AC cycle.

Abstract: A rotor for a machine has a plurality of rotor segments, each rotor segment forming at least one rotor pole and having a plurality of permanent magnets interior to the rotor and at least one saturatable bridge section for each permanent magnet in the rotor segment, each saturatable bridge section comprising a protrusion between air regions separating a north pole and a south pole of the permanent magnet to cause a portion of magnetic flux from the permanent magnet to traverse the saturatable bridge and cause a majority of the permanent magnet flux through an air gap of a rotor-stator interface between the rotor and a stator of the machine and through a stator pole.

Abstract: A parallel magnetic circuit motor includes a rotor without magnets and a stator with magnets. The stator has stator poles with windings. The windings are energized on a first plurality of stator poles with current in a same first direction and the windings are energized on a second plurality of stator poles with current in a same second direction opposite the same first direction.

Abstract: A rotor for a machine has a plurality of rotor segments, each rotor segment forming at least one rotor pole and having a plurality of permanent magnets interior to the rotor and at least one saturatable bridge section for each permanent magnet in the rotor segment, each saturatable bridge section comprising a protrusion between air regions separating a north pole and a south pole of the permanent magnet to cause a portion of magnetic flux from the permanent magnet to traverse the saturatable bridge and cause a majority of the permanent magnet flux through an air gap of a rotor-stator interface between the rotor and a stator of the machine and through a stator pole.

Abstract: A parallel magnetic circuit motor includes a rotor without magnets and a stator with magnets. The stator has stator poles with windings. The windings are energized on a first plurality of stator poles with current in a same first direction and the windings are energized on a second plurality of stator poles with current in a same second direction opposite the same first direction.

Abstract: An actuator has a first stator with four first poles, a second stator with four second poles aligned with the four first poles, at least one permanent magnet between the first stator and the second stator, four armatures positioned at terminal ends of the aligned four first poles and four second poles and coils wrapped around the first stator and the second stator. A controller selectively applies current to the coils to cause flux created by the at least one permanent magnet to traverse through selective poles of the first stator and the second stator to selectively alter air gap sizes associated with the four armatures.

Abstract: A system is for a machine having an alternating current (AC) power source with a first side and a second side, one or more windings, an AC polarity detector, a Hall effect device, two or more pairs of power switches, and a motor controller. The motor controller determines which of the power switches to open or close to obtain a direction of current flow through the one or more windings based on signals from the AC polarity detector and the Hall effect device.

Abstract: A method is for a machine having an alternating current (AC) power source with a first side (L1) and a second side (L2), two or more pairs of power switches, and one or more windings. The method comprises closing one pair of power switches by a control circuit to cause current to flow from a first side of the AC power source, through the one or more windings, and to the second side of the AC power source and closing another pair of power switches by the control circuit to cause current to flow from the second side of the AC power source, through the one or more windings, and to the first side of the AC power source.

Abstract: An actuator has a first stator with four first poles, a second stator with four second poles aligned with the four first poles, a permanent magnet between the first stator and the second stator, four armatures positioned at terminal ends of the aligned four first poles and four second poles, and coils wrapped around the first stator and the second stator. A controller selectively applies current to the coils to migrate flux created by the permanent magnet through selective poles of the first stator and the second stator to selectively alter air gap sizes associated with the four armatures.

Abstract: A system and method for high speed switching comprises receiving voltage inputs at a bridge rectifier, generating a control signal from a transistor, and driving a gate of a field effect transistor (FET) via the control signal of the transistor, wherein a source of the FET is connected to a negative output of the bridge rectifier and a drain of the FET is connected to a positive output of the bridge rectifier through a load. The system and method further comprises limiting current flowing to the gate of the FET through first and second resistors and first and second diodes connecting the voltage inputs to the gate of the FET and limiting voltage to the gate of the FET below a maximum voltage rating of the FET by a Zener diode connected to the gate of the FET.

Abstract: Exchangeable stator components are selected and exchangeable rotor components are selected to transform a motor from one motor class to another motor class. [0006] A motor comprises at least two stator rings, at least two outer rotor rings, a first input, and a second input. The first input comprises an exchangeable stator component selected from a stator component group consisting of a stator spacer ring and an axially magnetized stator magnet ring, the axially magnetized stator magnet ring comprising a solid axially magnetized ring magnet. The second input comprises an exchangeable rotor component selected from a rotor component group consisting of a rotor spacer ring and an axially magnetized rotor magnet ring.