Abstract: A process for the production of a water-insoluble, abrasion-resistant, synthetic solid article or aggregate, as well as the products produced thereby. Fly ash, lime, water and FGD sludge are mixed intimately and formed at pressures exceeding 1,000 psi, preferably 4000-8000 psi. The product is cured for at least the equivalent of 28 days at 73.degree. F., and crushed and sized to produce a commercial aggregate, for example, for concrete, asphalt, concrete masonry units, etc.

Abstract: A method and a mixture for chemically stabilizing electric arc furnace dust (EAFD) by entrapping the metals inherent in EAFD within a cementitiously hardened product from the mixture. The method includes using the pozzolanic characteristics of EAFD and forming a mixture of EAFD with sufficient water and lime, as necessary, and then allowing the mixture to react to form a cementitiously hardened product. The hardened product has acceptable leachate concentrations, permeability characteristics and unconfined compressive strength.

Abstract: An abrasion resistant synthetic aggregate made from an intimately intermixed combination of lime, fly ash and sulfate/sulfite sludge (e.g. FGD sludge), mixed to the point where the mixture is nearly optimum density and compressible or non-compressible and plastic. This mixture is placed in a landfill. After a relatively brief cure period, the landfill is ripped and the material is crushed and graded. The aggregate, which in some instances may qualify as a light weight aggregate, has a Los Angeles Abrasion Resistance of less than 60%, and may in some cases be less than 50% (medium particles passing) according to that test.

Abstract: An apparatus for sorting tires and the like. A series of tire transport apparatus are utilized to each selectively draw from a conveyor containing tires of a variety of types and sizes a specific tire type and size which is then transported to a storage apparatus wherein all tires of that particular type and size which have been sorted from the supply conveyor are stored. A series of tire transport apparatus are also utilized to remove the tires from the storage apparatus.

Abstract: Processes for the production of a hardenable mass having low permeability characteristics are disclosed, as well as the compositions produced thereby. The process includes providing a slurry produced from the scrubbing of sulfur oxide-containing gases with alkaline earth metal compounds, the slurry comprising an aqueous suspension of alkaline earth metal sulfites, mixing the slurry with a pozzolanically active waste material such as fly ash and an alkaline earth metal in the form of an alkaline earth metal hydroxide or a hydratable alkaline earth metal oxide in amounts so as to provide an overall composition including greater than about 3.

Abstract: An ATM enclosure comprising a hollow cabinet having front, back and first and second side walls. The back wall of the cabinet has an access door provided therein to enable the servicing the electronic components therein. The cabinet is supported on a supporting surface such as a floor and is adapted to be pivoted about one of its front corners so that the enclosure may be pivoted whereby the back wall and the access door therein is positioned in a convenient manner for servicing.

Abstract: Improved method for making generally spherical particulate shot-like product comprising permitting a siliceous-aluminous composition of specified characteristics onto a rotating squirrel cage rotor near top dead center thereof and causing said impinging molten material to be projected in droplet form and cooled while suspended in a gaseous cooling medium, such as air, into an amorphous generally spherical product, suitable for use as an abrasive or filler material.

Abstract: Methods of making finely divided product from fly ash compositions, including both dry fly ash compositions and aqueous suspensions of fly ash in combination with alkaline earth metal compounds. The fly ash composition, preferably including 10 to 50% combined alkaline earth metal oxides, is heated to molten condition while collecting gases evolving therefrom, including sulfur oxide gases. The top portion of the melt is then poured in a manner causing a molten stream thereof to be divided into a multiplicity of fractions and cooled to solid form while encompassed by a fluid cooling medium in a manner to produce either a shot or a granulated aggregate product. The bottom portion of the melt is nearly pure metallic iron which is recovered, as such, for other uses. Preferably, the molten stream impinges on a rotating member in a manner to produce shot, or is quenched in a water bath to form a granulated type product.

Abstract: A method for making or repairing lugs and trunnion members for ingot molds by forming a casting space or cavity corresponding to the shape of the lug or trunnion member on the side of the ingot mold where the member is to be secured, forming a casting material feeding chamber above the casting cavity, introducing a predetermined amount of an alumino thermic mixture to the welding chamber and reacting said alumino thermic mixture whereby the molten metal produced from such reaction feeds into and fills the casting cavity and upon cooling forms the desired lug or trunnion. The apparatus for carrying out the process comprising a welding chamber composed of a lower casting space or cavity and an upper casting material feeding chamber is also disclosed.

Abstract: Improved cementitious composition results from a process comprised of mechanical size reduction and activation of a mixture of lime and fly ash and the addition thereto of fly ash and aggregate, as needed, to make a mix of the desired proportions. A quicker and more complete reaction between the lime and fly ash results from deagglomeration of lime particles caused by interaction with the fly ash and/or by the increased availability of reactant materials due to particle size reduction of both the lime and the fly ash. The mechanical size reduction and activation process may be carried out, for example, in a ball mill or centrifugal impact mill.

Abstract: A method of cementing oil, gas or water wells and the like, wherein a solution, dispersion, suspension, or the like of a cement additive in water is prepared at a predetermined concentration of additive and is thereafter mixed with dry powdered cement to form a cement slurry, and a sample of the additive-water mixture is analyzed prior to its being mixed with the cement, to verify that the additive-water mixture contains the desired concentration of additive. The analysis of the additive-water mixture preferably is performed continuously on a sample of the mixture in a spectrophotometer, the output signal of which may be displayed on a meter or may be used to control the relative quantities of water and additive that go into the additive-water mixture.

Abstract: Waste sludges containing small amounts of certain types of reactive materials are treated by adding to such sludges materials capable of producing aluminum ions, lime and/or sulfate bearing compounds to produce a composition having a sufficient concentration of sulfate ions, aluminum ions and equivalents thereof, and calcium ions and equivalents thereof. Fly ash is preferred source of aluminum ions for this purpose. Over a period of time such compositions harden by the formation of calcium sulfo-aluminate hydrates. Hardening of the sludge facilitates its disposition and may permit the reclamation of the land now occupied by large settling ponds for such sludge. Still further, the solidification of such settling ponds may provide permanent land fill which permits immediate use of the land without the necessity for removal of the sludge. Aggregate materials may also be incorporated in the solidified waste.