Abstract: 1,2-dichloroethane is produced by reacting, in a vapor phase, chlorine and ethane in the presence of a copper containing catalyst at a temperature in the range of from about 200.degree. to about 500.degree. C.

Abstract: .beta.-diketones having two ketone groups bonded to a common carbon atom which is bonded to at least one hydrogen atom, such as 2,4-pentanedione, are reacted with vinyl chloride to form telomers.

Abstract: A method for recovering ethane and ethylene from a gaseous mixture is disclosed. The method comprises: (1) contacting said gaseous mixture with a solvent to provide ethane- and ethylene-enriched solvent and (2) recovering from said enriched solvent said ethane and ethylene. The solvent used in the method is cyclohexane, cyclohexene, 1-chlorobutane, or 1,1,1-trichloroethane. The method is applicable also to recovering ethane and ethylene from methane containing these materials.

Abstract: An improved nonflammable coating composition containing vinyl chloride, dialkyl maleate, and bis (2-chloroethyl) vinyl phosphonate, the improvement comprising forming a tertelomer using a free radical initiator in the presence of xylene, wherein the alkyl constituent of the maleate contains from 3 to 15 carbon atoms and the alkyl constituent of the phosphonate contains from 1 to 15 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A method is provided for separating 2,6-xylenol from m,p-cresols by treating the mixture with methanol over alumina catalysts at about 360.degree. C and 400-500 psig.

Abstract: Certain organic or organic-aqueous halide exchange reactions are catalyzed by carbon black.

Abstract: .alpha.-Naphthol is methylated using methanol to form 2-methyl-1-naphthol over a catalyst bed of alumina. The reaction provides high selectivity to 2-methyl-1-naphthol. Alumina catalysts derived from alumina alkoxide hydrolysis are preferred.

Abstract: A process for catalyzing heterogeneous ionic organic reactions in a system of multiple liquid phases in which at least two of the reactants are each located in a different phase with respect to the other, the phases containing such reactants differing in polarity. Catalysis is effected by introducing to the system one of certain organic quaternary salts which are more soluble in the least polar reactant-containing phase than in the other reactant-containing phases. The quaternary salt catalysts utilized have the general structural formula (AM).sup.+X.sup.- where A is an organic portion of the salt molecule bonded to M by four covalent linkages, and preferably comprises a plurality of hydrocarbon radicals of either monovalent or polyvalent character, M is selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony and bismuth, and X.sup.- is an anion which will dissociate from the cation (AM).sup.

Abstract: A silicate foam composition having improved strength is produced using a particular combination of ingredients comprising an alkali metal silicate, a filler material, a cementing agent, a vinyl chloride telomer having an average molecular weight from about 600-1,000, a gelling agent, and other additives, such as a blowing agent.

Abstract: Predominantly aliphatic hydrocarbon materials may be obtained from carbonaceous solids by a sequence of steps comprising gasifying the carbonaceous solids, combining the gasification product stream with an internal recycle stream, separating certain impurities from the combined stream followed by cooling to liquefy and separate the hydrocarbon materials while directly reacting the remaining carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst to produce the internal recycle stream.

Abstract: C.sub.2 hydrocarbons may be produced from carbon monoxide and hydrogen using an integrated process scheme involving reacting carbon monoxide and hydrogen to produce a hydrocarbon effluent containing hydrogen and subsequently hydropyrolyzing said effluent and recovering C.sub.2 hydrocarbons.

Abstract: Alcohols and ethers are prepared by reacting a substituted hydrocarbon compound containing halogen or alkyl sulfate groups with an alkali metal hydroxide, in aqueous solution, in the presence of a catalytic amount of certain betaines and recovering from the reaction mixture the desired alcohol and/or ether. The reaction mixture can contain alcohols, ethers, and diethers, in varying amounts, depending on reactants and reaction conditions. Typical examples of materials used are: 1,4-dichlorobutane, sodium hydroxide, and tridodecylcarbomethoxymethyl ammonium bromide as the catalyst. The ethers are useful as solvents.