Abstract: A heat pipe based passive residual heat removal system for a spent fuel pool (3). Partitions (6) are arranged around an inside of the spent fuel pool. Evaporation-end heat pipes (4) are arranged between the outside of the partitions and an inner wail of the pool. The evaporation-end heat pipes have outlets that extend beyond the pool and are connected to an Inlet of an ascending pipe (10), and have inlets connected to an outlet of a descending pipe (5). Condensation-end heat pipes (7) have inlets connected to an outlet of the ascending pipe, and have outlets connected to an inlet of the descending pipe. The heat pipes cool the spent fuel pool. A heat exchange by phase change of working medium in the heat pipe leads to heat exchange of low temperature difference and high efficiency, relying on density difference for natural circulation drive.

Abstract: A passive cooling system for a reactor core of a large-scale pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant includes a shield building having an outer wall and a through air inlet arranged on an upper part of the outer wall, a water tank arranged at an upper part of the shield building, a cooling water distribution plate arranged above a top of a containment within the shield building, a spray pipe arranged at an inside of the top of the shield building and having a water inlet end and a water outlet end, wherein the water inlet end is connected to a bottom of the water tank and the water outlet end is extended to be above the cooling water distribution plate, and an air deflector arranged between the shield building and the containment and having an upper end connected to an inside of the top of the shield building.

Abstract: An apparatus for retention of molten material for a Generation IV reactor after a nuclear power plant accident comprises an inner wall which is peripherally closed, a vapor channel wall with an opening at the bottom fixed in the inner side of the inner wall, a pressure vessel disposed in the vapor channel wall, a vapor rising channel formed between the pressure vessel and the vapor channel wall, and it further comprises an outer wall surrounding the inner wall, a core molten material retention apparatus fixed at the bottom of the inner wall, and a deflector keeping away from the inner wall and the core molten material retention apparatus to form a gap; wherein a coolant falling channel is formed between the outer wall and the deflector, a coolant inlet is disposed at the bottom of the deflector, and a coolant channel is disposed between the inner wall and the core molten material retention apparatus; a core molten material retention recess is disposed at the upper surface of the core molten material retention

Abstract: An epitaxial structure includes a substrate, a first epitaxial layer and a second epitaxial layer. The substrate has a surface, and the first epitaxial layer is disposed over the substrate and defines a plurality of slanting air voids tapering away from the substrate and an opening over each of the slanting air voids. The second epitaxial layer is disposed on the first epitaxial layer and collectively defines the slanting air voids in a shape of trapezoid with the surface and the first epitaxial layer.

Abstract: An epitaxial structure includes a substrate, a first epitaxial layer and a second epitaxial layer. The substrate has a surface, and the first epitaxial layer is disposed over the substrate and defines a plurality of stepped air voids and an opening over each of the stepped air voids. The second epitaxial layer is disposed on the first epitaxial layer and collectively defines the stepped air voids with the surface and the first epitaxial layer.

Abstract: An epitaxial growth method includes the steps of: providing a substrate; forming a sacrifice layer on the substrate; patterning the sacrifice layer to form a plurality of bumps spaced apart from each other on the substrate; epitaxially forming a first epitaxial layer on the substrate to cover a portion of each of the bumps; removing the bumps to form a plurality of cavities; and epitaxially forming a second epitaxial layer on the first epitaxial layer such that the cavities are enclosed by the first epitaxial layer and the second epitaxial layer. An epitaxial structure grown by the method is disclosed as well.

Abstract: A heat pipe based passive residual heat removal system for a spent fuel pool has a plurality of partitions (6) arranged around the inside of a spent fuel pool (3), wherein the heights of the partitions (6) are all lower than the height of the spent fuel pool (3); a plurality of evaporation-end heat pipes (4) are arranged between the outside of the partitions (6) and an inner wall of the spent fuel pool (3), and these evaporation-end heat pipes (4) are divided into several groups. Top outlets of each group of evaporation-end heat pipes (4) are extended beyond the spent fuel pool (3) and are connected to an inlet of an ascending pipe (10). An outlet of the ascending pipe (10) is connected to top inlets of a group of condensation-end heat pipes (7) comprising a plurality of condensation-end heat pipes. Bottom outlets of the group of condensation-end heat pipes (7) are connected to an inlet of a descending pipe (5).

Abstract: In a switching method of an electronic device, the electronic device receives a message sent from an earphone that is in electronic connection with the electronic device, the message comprising an input password, if the input password is equal to a password to switch an application layer into a host mode, the electronic device switches the application layer into the host mode to access private information of the application layer.

Abstract: An apparatus for retention of molten material for a Generation IV reactor after a nuclear power plant accident comprises an inner wall which is peripherally closed, a vapor channel wall with an opening at the bottom fixed in the inner side of the inner wall, a pressure vessel disposed in the vapor channel wall, a vapor rising channel formed between the pressure vessel and the vapor channel wall, and it further comprises an outer wall surrounding the inner wall, a core molten material retention apparatus fixed at the bottom of the inner wall, and a deflector keeping away from the inner wall and the core molten material retention apparatus to form a gap; wherein a coolant falling channel is formed between the outer wall and the deflector, a coolant inlet is disposed at the bottom of the deflector, and a coolant channel is disposed between the inner wall and the core molten material retention apparatus; a core molten material retention recess is disposed at the upper surface of the core molten material retention

Abstract: The present invention provides a light emitting diode (LED) element which comprises a substrate, a buffer layer, a plurality of nano-spheres and a light emitting structure. The substrate comprises a plurality of grooves arranged at intervals on a surface of the substrate. The buffer layer is disposed on the surface of the substrate where the grooves being formed, wherein the grooves are disposed between the substrate and the buffer layer. The nano-spheres are received in the grooves, so each groove is provided with at least a nano-sphere. The light emitting structure is disposed on the buffer layer.

Abstract: A passive cooling system for a reactor core of a large-scale pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant includes a shield building having an outer wall and a through air inlet arranged on an upper part of the outer wall, a water tank arranged at an upper part of the shield building, a cooling water distribution plate arranged above a top of a containment within the shield building, a spray pipe arranged at an inside of the top of the shield building and having a water inlet end and a water outlet end, wherein the water inlet end is connected to a bottom of the water tank and the water outlet end is extended to be above the cooling water distribution plate, and an air deflector arranged between the shield building and the containment and having an upper end connected to an inside of the top of the shield building.

Abstract: An epitaxial growth method includes the steps of: providing a substrate; forming a sacrifice layer on the substrate; patterning the sacrifice layer to form a plurality of bumps spaced apart from each other on the substrate; epitaxially forming a first epitaxial layer on the substrate to cover a portion of each of the bumps; removing the bumps to form a plurality of cavities; and epitaxially forming a second epitaxial layer on the first epitaxial layer such that the cavities are enclosed by the first epitaxial layer and the second epitaxial layer. An epitaxial structure grown by the method is disclosed as well.

Abstract: The present invention provides a light emitting diode (LED) element which comprises a substrate, a buffer layer, a plurality of nano-spheres and a light emitting structure. The substrate comprises a plurality of grooves arranged at intervals on a surface of the substrate. The buffer layer is disposed on the surface of the substrate where the grooves being formed, wherein the grooves are disposed between the substrate and the buffer layer. The nano-spheres are received in the grooves, so each groove is provided with at least a nano-sphere. The light emitting structure is disposed on the buffer layer.

Abstract: In a switching method of an electronic device, the electronic device receives a message sent from an earphone that is in electronic connection with the electronic device, the message comprising an input password, if the input password is equal to a password to switch an application layer into a host mode, the electronic device switches the application layer into the host mode to access private information of the application layer.

Abstract: The present invention describes impaired glutamate uptake in glioma cells, and further shows that instead of removing glutamate from the extracellular fluid, glioma cells release large amounts of glutamate. The high levels of extracellular glutamate result in elevated [Ca2+]i followed by widespread neuronal death, which could be prevented by treating neurons with the NMDA receptor antagonists, MK-801 or D-AP5, or by depletion of glutamate from the medium. Significantly, several phenylglycine derivatives, including the metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist/antagonist (S)-4-carboxyphenylglycine (S-4CPG), potently and selectively inhibited glutamate release from glioma cells and thereby prevented neurotoxicity.

Abstract: Astrocytes protect neurons from excitotoxic injury by maintaining low extra-cellular glutamate concentrations ([Glu].sub.o). Compromised astrocytic glutamate uptake has been implicated in acute and chronic neurological conditions, including Parkinson's disease. This invention provides evidence that [Glu].sub.o is modulated in a feed-back manner through activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs), particularly group II mGluRs. Furthermore, ACPD effects were mimicked by glutamate, suggesting that astrocytic glutamate transport is dynamically regulated with mGluRs acting as sensors for changes in [Glu]. Consequently, agonists of mGluR receptors are potent drugs to modulate extracellular glutamate levels in ways that are neuroprotective.

Abstract: A high performance nonlinear optical substrate comprising covalently linked chromophores within a glass film forming polymer, forms a single component polymeric frequency doubling material having a highly non-centrosymmetric architecture.