Abstract: A method for manufacturing an implantable micro-biosensor includes the steps of: a) providing a substrate, b) forming on a first surface of the substrate a first working electrode which at least includes a first sensing section including a first conductive material, c) forming on the first surface of the substrate at least one second working electrode which at least includes a second sensing section disposed proximate to at least one side of the first sensing section, and d) forming a chemical reagent layer which at least covers the first conductive material of the first sensing section and which reacts with the analyte to produce a product.

Abstract: An acceleration apparatus applied in an artificial neuron is disclosed. The acceleration apparatus comprises an AND gate array, a first storage device, a second storage device and a multiply-accumulate (MAC) circuit. The AND gate array with plural AND gates receives a first bitmap and a second bitmap to generate an output bitmap. The first storage device stores a first payload and outputs a corresponding non-zero first element according to a first access address associated with a result of comparing the first bitmap with the output bitmap. The second storage device stores a second payload and outputs a corresponding non-zero second element according to a second access address associated with a result of comparing the second bitmap with the output bitmap. The MAC circuit calculates a dot product of two element sequences from the first storage device and the second storage device.

Abstract: An acceleration apparatus applied in an artificial neuron is disclosed. The acceleration apparatus comprises an AND gate array, a first storage device, a second storage device and a multiply-accumulate (MAC) circuit. The AND gate array with plural AND gates receives a first bitmap and a second bitmap to generate an output bitmap. The first storage device stores a first payload and outputs a corresponding non-zero first element according to a first access address associated with a result of comparing the first bitmap with the output bitmap. The second storage device stores a second payload and outputs a corresponding non-zero second element according to a second access address associated with a result of comparing the second bitmap with the output bitmap. The MAC circuit calculates a dot product of two element sequences from the first storage device and the second storage device.

Abstract: A processing apparatus applied in an artificial neuron is disclosed. The processing apparatus comprises a parser, a lookup array, a summing circuit and a MAC circuit. The parser parses one of M packets to extract a non-zero weight value from a header of the one packet, to identify a plurality of bit positions with a specified digit from a payload of the one packet, and to output the non-zero weight value and the bit positions in parallel. The lookup array contains N synapse values and is indexed by the bit positions in parallel to generate a plurality of match values. The summing circuit sums up the match values to generate a sum value. The MAC circuit generates a product of the non-zero weight value and the sum value, and generates an accumulate value based on the product and at least one previous accumulate value.

Abstract: A method for memory management is provided for a memory including a plurality of pages. The method comprises assigning in-use pages to in-use buckets according to use counts. The in-use buckets include a low in-use bucket for a lowest range of use counts, and a high in-use bucket for a highest range of use counts. The method comprises assigning free pages to free buckets according to use counts. The free buckets include a low free bucket for a lowest range of use counts, and a high free bucket for a highest range of use counts. The method maintains use counts for in-use pages. On a triggering event for a current in-use page, the method determines whether the use count of the current in-use page exceeds a hot swap threshold, and if so moves data in the current in-use page to a lead page in the low free bucket.

Abstract: A method for memory management is provided for a memory including a plurality of pages. The method comprises assigning in-use pages to in-use buckets according to use counts. The in-use buckets include a low in-use bucket for a lowest range of use counts, and a high in-use bucket for a highest range of use counts. The method comprises assigning free pages to free buckets according to use counts. The free buckets include a low free bucket for a lowest range of use counts, and a high free bucket for a highest range of use counts. The method maintains use counts for in-use pages. On a triggering event for a current in-use page, the method determines whether the use count of the current in-use page exceeds a hot swap threshold, and if so moves data in the current in-use page to a lead page in the low free bucket.