Abstract: A joint structure of a composite bicycle frame includes a base layer and at least one reinforcing layer. The base layer is made of a first polymeric matrix material doped with a plurality of first fibers. The first fibers have random fiber orientation, and the base layer has a first thickness. The reinforcing layer is adhesively connected to the base layer. The reinforcing layer is made of a second polymeric matrix material doped with a plurality of second fibers. The second fibers have a single fiber orientation. The reinforcing layer has a second thickness which is smaller than the first thickness of the base layer.

Abstract: A carbon fiber wheel rim is disclosed. The carbon fiber wheel rim is corresponding disposed between two braking elements, and includes a rim body and a reinforcing layer. The rim body is made of a carbon fiber composites material. The reinforcing layer is disposed on a surface of the rim body, wherein the reinforcing layer is made of a fibrous veil having an isotropy.

Abstract: A master-slave flip-flop includes a master latch, a slave latch, a first logic gate and a signal transition detector. The first logic gate is receiving a reference clock and a first control clock, and outputting a first trigger signal to control one of the master latch and the slave latch, which are connected with a logic circuit, to switch to an opaque state or a transparent state, wherein the other one of the master latch and the slave latch is switched to an opaque state or a transparent state according to the reference clock. The above-mentioned master-slave flip-flop can correct sampling when a timing error occurs.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention generally relate to methods for removing contaminants and native oxides from substrate surfaces. The methods generally include removing contaminants disposed on the substrate surface using a plasma process, and then cleaning the substrate surface by use of a remote plasma assisted dry etch process.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention generally relate to methods for removing contaminants and native oxides from substrate surfaces. The methods generally include removing contaminants disposed on the substrate surface using a plasma process, and then cleaning the substrate surface by use of a remote plasma assisted dry etch process.

Abstract: A master-slave flip-flop includes a master latch, a slave latch, a first logic gate and a signal transition detector. The first logic gate is receiving a reference clock and a first control clock, and outputting a first trigger signal to control one of the master latch and the slave latch, which are connected with a logic circuit, to switch to an opaque state or a transparent state, wherein the other one of the master latch and the slave latch is switched to an opaque state or a transparent state according to the reference clock. The above-mentioned master-slave flip-flop can correct sampling when a timing error occurs.

Abstract: A sampling circuit includes a first latch, a second latch and a signal transition detector. The first latch is disposed on an upstream side of a logic circuit. The second latch is disposed on a downstream side of the logic circuit. The first latch and the second latch respectively switch to opposite states of an opaque state or a transparent state according to trigger signals generated by a reference clock and a control clock. The signal transition detector is configured for detecting whether the signal outputted by the logic circuit is in error or not and outputting a corresponding control clock. The above-mentioned sampling circuit can delay switching the second latch to the opaque state and switching the first latch to the transparent state to correct sampling when a timing error occurs.

Abstract: A sampling circuit includes a first latch, a second latch and a signal transition detector. The first latch is disposed on an upstream side of a logic circuit. The second latch is disposed on a downstream side of the logic circuit. The first latch and the second latch respectively switch to opposite states of an opaque state or a transparent state according to trigger signals generated by a reference clock and a control clock. The signal transition detector is configured for detecting whether the signal outputted by the logic circuit is in error or not and outputting a corresponding control clock. The above-mentioned sampling circuit can delay switching the second latch to the opaque state and switching the first latch to the transparent state to correct sampling when a timing error occurs.

Abstract: Composite hydrogels and methods for making and using the composite hydrogels are provided. The composite hydrogels comprise graphene oxide flakes distributed in, and covalently bonded to, a thermo-responsive hydrogel polymer.

Abstract: A method and device for harvesting and storing solar energy is provided. The device converts solar energy to electrical energy via the photovoltaic effect. The device includes a pair of electrodes, at least one of which is transparent to allow solar energy to pass through. A medium is disposed between the electrodes which exhibits a combination of photovoltaic and ferroelectric properties. When solar energy passes through the transparent electrode and is received by the medium, electron-hole pairs establish a voltage potential between electrodes in the device via the photovoltaic effect. The voltage potential may be retained and the mobile charge may be stored in the absence of solar energy via the ferroelectric effect.

Abstract: A method and device for harvesting and storing solar energy is provided. The device converts solar energy to electrical energy via the photovoltaic effect. The device includes a pair of electrodes, at least one of which is transparent to allow solar energy to pass through. A medium is disposed between the electrodes which exhibits a combination of photovoltaic and ferroelectric properties. When solar energy passes through the transparent electrode and is received by the medium, electron-hole pairs establish a voltage potential between electrodes in the device via the photovoltaic effect. The voltage potential may be retained and the mobile charge may be stored in the absence of solar energy via the ferroelectric effect.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention generally relate to methods for removing contaminants and native oxides from substrate surfaces. The methods generally include removing contaminants disposed on the substrate surface using a plasma process, and then cleaning the substrate surface by use of a remote plasma assisted dry etch process.

Abstract: Composite hydrogels and methods for making and using the composite hydrogels are provided. The composite hydrogels comprise graphene oxide flakes distributed in, and covalently bonded to, a thermo-responsive hydrogel polymer.

Abstract: A method and device for harvesting and storing solar energy is provided. The device converts solar energy to electrical energy via the photovoltaic effect. The device includes a pair of electrodes, at least one of which is transparent to allow solar energy to pass through. A medium is disposed between the electrodes which exhibits a combination of photovoltaic and ferroelectric properties. When solar energy passes through the transparent electrode and is received by the medium, electron-hole pairs establish a voltage potential between electrodes in the device via the photovoltaic effect. The voltage potential may be retained and the mobile charge may be stored in the absence of solar energy via the ferroelectric effect.