Abstract: A nano compound. The nano compound includes a metal or oxide thereof and an organic compound capable of oxidation and reduction bonded to the metal or oxide thereof. The invention also provides an organic memory device including the nano compound.

Abstract: A memory cell comprising a metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) structure is disclosed using a homogeneous carrier trapping layer interposed between a semiconductor layer and the gate electrode of a transistor structure so that the operation voltage is reduced and the manufacturing is simplified with lowered cost. The MIS structure comprises: a gate electrode; a semiconductor layer; and a homogeneous carrier trapping layer interposed between the gate electrode and the semiconductor layer; wherein the homogeneous carrier trapping layer comprises novolac.

Abstract: A method of fabricating an organic memory device is provided. In the method, a bottom electrode is formed on a substrate. A first surface treatment is performed on the bottom electrode to form a bottom surface treatment layer on a surface thereof. A polymer thin film is formed on the bottom surface treatment layer, and a top electrode is formed on the polymer thin film.

Abstract: A nano compound. The nano compound includes a metal or oxide thereof and an organic compound capable of oxidation and reduction bonded to the metal or oxide thereof. The invention also provides an organic memory device including the nano compound.

Abstract: An organic memory device includes a top electrode, a bottom electrode, and a bistable organic polymer layer between the top and bottom electrodes. Moreover, the organic memory device further includes a surface treatment layer between the organic polymer layer and the bottom electrode. Because the surface treatment layer can stabilize the interface between the organic polymer layer and the bottom electrode, the reliability of the device may be promoted.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for microdrop vitrification of cells comprising providing cells, culturing the cells in a culture medium containing cryoprotectants for a short period, forming a microdrop from the culture medium containing the cells, and contacting the microdrop with liquid nitrogen to obtain a glass-like bead.

Abstract: A copy-limit pre-recorded CD (Compact Disc) and a copy-limit method protect the data recorded on the pre-recorded CD from copied onto a recordable CD. The pre-recorded CD (Compact Disc) includes a data area of the pre-recorded CD and an indivisible file. The storage capacity of a data area of the recordable CD is Z. The indivisible file is stored in the data area of the pre-recorded CD and has a file size Y which approximately ranges between Z+10 MB and Z+100 MB. The copying action is prohibited to proceed when the indivisible file with a size is larger than the storage capacity of the data area of a recordable CD is determined.

Abstract: A copy-limit pre-recorded CD (Compact Disc) and a copy-limit method protect the data recorded on the pre-recorded CD from copied onto a recordable CD. The pre-recorded CD (Compact Disc) includes a data area of the pre-recorded CD and an indivisible file. The storage capacity of a data area of the recordable CD is Z. The indivisible file is stored in the data area of the pre-recorded CD and has a file size Y which approximately ranges between Z+10 MB and Z+100 MB. The copying action is prohibited to proceed when the indivisible file with a size is larger than the storage capacity of the data area of a recordable CD is determined.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cellulase enzyme, elgA, isolated from the fungus Piromyces rhizinflata and nucleic acids encoding it.