Abstract: Algae are irradiated to obtain a hormesis so that its thickness is increased or its growth time is shortened. A cubic rack with an adhesion unit is used so that more algae are planted to be cultured on the adhesion unit through the irradiation for mass production.

Abstract: An apparatus for constant quality rate control in moving picture compression. First, a total activity measure for the current picture to be encoded in a set of consecutive pictures is calculated. Based on the total activity measure of the current picture and an activity-to-complexity ratio of a previously encoded picture of the same type in the set of consecutive pictures, a complexity measure of the current picture is estimated. Thus, an instantaneous complexity measure is updated using the complexity measure and then an instantaneous rate is calculated. A target bit budget is allocated to the current picture depending on the instantaneous rate, the complexity measure and the instantaneous complexity measure. After encoding, the activity-to-complexity ratio for the just encoded picture is computed based on the total activity measure, actual bits consumed by the picture and the average of actual quantization step sizes used to encode the picture.

Abstract: A wild seaweed, like sea lettuce, is picked and germ cells are released from the seaweed. The germ cells then obtain adherence and are sprouted into youngs of the seaweed so that the seaweed can be cultivated artificially and productively and can be supplied as a material for biomass energy.

Abstract: A biomedical material is prepared through a plasma method. The material is a film containing titanium oxide onto polymer sheet. The film is hydrophilic, bacterial inactivated and biocompatible. The present invention can be applied to artificial guiding tube and wound dressing material.

Abstract: The present invention is a dressing capable of hydrotaxis and temperature-sensitivity for a wound or for antisepsis, containing layers of acrylic acid, N-isopropyl acrylamide and chitosan by a grafting through an ionizing radiation, a UV radiation, a peracid process and a freeze-drying process.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for rate control in moving picture compression. Bit allocation with initial quantization step size estimation is used at picture level. With the relationship between pre-analyzed activity of current picture to be encoded and actual complexity of previously encoded picture of the same type, a target bit budget can be allocated to the current picture in accordance with the present invention. Once the target bit budget has been determined, an initial value for an average quantization step size is estimated on the basis of the target bit budget, along with the relationship between pre-analyzed activity of current picture and actual complexity of previously coded picture. Such an initial value of the average quantization step size is useful to achieve higher picture quality at a given bit allocation.

Abstract: An apparatus for constant quality rate control in moving picture compression. First, a total activity measure for the current picture to be encoded in a set of consecutive pictures is calculated. Based on the total activity measure of the current picture and an activity-to-complexity ratio of a previously encoded picture of the same type in the set of consecutive pictures, a complexity measure of the current picture is estimated. Thus, an instantaneous complexity measure is updated using the complexity measure and then an instantaneous rate is calculated. A target bit budget is allocated to the current picture depending on the instantaneous rate, the complexity measure and the instantaneous complexity measure. After encoding, the activity-to-complexity ratio for the just encoded picture is computed based on the total activity measure, actual bits consumed by the picture and the average of actual quantization step sizes used to encode the picture.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for rate control in moving picture compression. Bit allocation with initial quantization step size estimation is used at picture level. With the relationship between pre-analyzed activity of current picture to be encoded and actual complexity of previously encoded picture of the same type, a target bit budget can be allocated to the current picture in accordance with the present invention. Once the target bit budget has been determined, an initial value for an average quantization step size is estimated on the basis of the target bit budget, along with the relationship between pre-analyzed activity of current picture and actual complexity of previously coded picture. Such an initial value of the average quantization step size is useful to achieve higher picture quality at a given bit allocation.

Abstract: A method and system for rendering computer graphics display tear-free is provided by determining a safe region for each associated block transfer command in real time. In response to a request of a graphics application program, a block transfer type is determined according to relative positions of a destination bitmap, and a source bitmap on the frame buffer. The invention defines three block transfer types: a top-down block transfer type, a bottom-up block transfer type and a direct block transfer type. Each of these block transfer types has an associated block transfer command for issuing to a command queue. After receiving each associated block transfer command, a safe region for an associated block transfer command will be determined in real time. Then, information from a source bitmap is transferred to a destination bitmap when the position of the current scan line is within the determined safe region defined for the associated block transfer command.

Abstract: A novel method of preparation of easily stripped off temporary wound dressing material is disclosed. In this process, the-N-isopropyl acrylamide (NIPAAm) monomer is successfully grafted on the non-woven cloths by copolymerization. It is initiated by .gamma.-ray irradiation to activate the surface of the non-woven cloth. NIPAAm is then grafted onto the surface of the non-woven cloth. The free radical or peroxide is produced by Co-60 .gamma.-ray, then grafted on the non-woven cloths. The lower critical solution temperature (LCST) in thermoresponsive poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) is still retained after the grafting. This will make the dressing cloth stripped off easily and without hurting the tissue. The material process is very simple and has medically applicable value.