Abstract: A solar cell device and a method of fabricating the device is described. The solar cell is fabricated by providing a substructure comprising an absorber over a back contact having a P1 line therein and scribing a P2 line in the absorber by mechanical scribing and laser scribing after the mechanical scribing. The scribing can be performed with an integrated scriber, including a scribing tip and a light source mounted adjacent the scribing tip and operable concurrently with the scribing tip.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided to measure, estimate throughput of wireless network for traffic offload. In one novel aspect, the UE determines the association status of a radio access network (RAN). The UE measures or estimates the end-to-end throughput of the RAN. In one embodiment, non-intrusive estimation by QoS probing request is used. In another embodiment, direct measurement with modeling is used. The modeling uses admission control/scheduling. In another embodiment, estimation or probing the metrics with or without modeling is used with either in-band probing or non-intrusive probing. In yet another embodiment, the throughput is obtained based on network signaling messages. In another novel aspect, the UE selects a dynamic measurement or estimation algorithm based on the association status and the QoS type of the traffic. Admission control procedure or binary admission procedure is used with the initial bandwidth request based on association status.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for manufacturing platinum nanoparticle solution and a self-assembled platinum counter electrode thereof. The present invention adopts a polyol reduction method and controls the reduction reaction periods under various pH conditions. After the platinum nanoparticle dispersion solution of uniformly distributed platinum nanoparticles having small sizes is produced, the self-assembled platinum nanoparticles are adsorbed on a functionalized surface of a conductive substrate by dip coating at the normal temperature. Therefore, the structure of a platinum nanoparticle monolayer is formed, to obtain the self-assembled platinum counter electrode with a homogeneous single layer on the surface. This process is much simpler without adding any stabilizers or surfactants, without involving any subsequent heat treatments, and it consumes less amount of the platinum material.

Abstract: A solar cell device and a method of fabricating the device is described. The solar cell is fabricated by providing a substructure comprising an absorber over a back contact having a P1 line therein and scribing a P2 line in the absorber by mechanical scribing and laser scribing after the mechanical scribing. The scribing can be performed with an integrated scriber, including a scribing tip and a light source mounted adjacent the scribing tip and operable concurrently with the scribing tip.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for a voice over LTE system to shorten the call set up time. In one novel aspect, the mobile origination (MO) UE starts the UE-initiated dedicated resource allocation before receiving any responses from the remote UE. In another embodiment, the mobile termination (MT) UE starts the UE-initiated dedicated resource allocation upon receiving the INVITE from the remote UE. In one embodiment, the UE adjusts the timeout value based on the PLMN information in its PLMN database. The timeout value can be set to be zero if early reservation is allowed. Upon timer expires, the UE starts UE-initiated dedicated resource allocation. In one novel aspect, the MO UE retrieves the codec information of a remote UE from its peer profile information database and uses a matching codec in its INVITE message. In another embodiment, the MT MO includes the SDP answer in its 180 RINGING message.

Abstract: A solar cell with microlenses and a method for forming the same, are provided. The solar cell includes a TCO (transparent conductive oxide) structure with an upper surface including flat portions and a plurality of convex shaped raised portions forming a plurality of discrete microlenses. The microlenses enable a maximum amount of sunlight to reach the absorber layer and increase the efficiency of the solar cell. The method for forming the solar cell includes forming a first TCO layer, then a plurality of discrete sacrificial layer portions over the first TCO layer, then a second TCO layer over the first TCO layer but not enveloping the discrete sacrificial layer portions. The sacrificial layer portions are then removed, leaving discrete TCO raised portions which are then smoothed by acid etching.

Abstract: A solar cell has a back contact layer over a substrate. The substrate has a scribe line extending through it. An absorber layer is over the back contact layer. A front contact layer is over the absorber layer. The front contact layer has a first end and a second end opposite the first end. The scribe line is closer to the second end than to the first end. The front contact layer has a thickness above the first end that is greater than the thickness of the front contact layer at the scribe line.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a photovoltaic cell, and apparatus formed by the method, yields increased quantum efficiency. A back contact layer is formed above a substrate. An absorber layer is formed above the back contact layer. A buffer layer is formed above the absorber layer. A transparent conductive layer is formed above the buffer layer. A surface of the transparent conductive layer is treated with an acid to increase roughness of the surface.

Abstract: A portable electronic device includes an electronic module and an electronic module fixing structure. The electronic module fixing structure includes a main body, a sliding component, a rod and an elastic component connected between the main body and the sliding component. The main body has a track with a positioning portion. The sliding component is slidably disposed on the main body. The rod is rotatably connected with the sliding component. An end of the rod is adapted to move along the track. When the end is located at the positioning portion, the end and the positioning portion are interfered with each other to position the sliding component. When the electronic module pushes the sliding component, the rod is rotated to drive the end to move away from the positioning portion, and the sliding component pushes the electronic module away from the main body through elastic force of the elastic component.

Abstract: A solar cell device and a method of fabricating the same is described. The solar cell includes a back contact, an absorber over the back contact, and a front contact over the absorber. The back contact includes a back electrode layer and a graphene layer.

Abstract: A method includes depositing spacers at a plurality of locations directly on a back contact layer over a solar cell substrate. An absorber layer is formed over the back contact layer and the spacers. The absorber layer is partially in contact with the spacers and partially in direct contact with the back contact layer. The solar cell substrate is heated to form voids between the absorber layer and the back contact layer at the locations of the spacers.

Abstract: A method of supporting group communication over LTE MBMS is provided. A UE first establishes a unicast Evolved Packet Service (EPS) bearer in an LTE network for group communication. The UE belongs to a communication group having a communication group ID. The UE receives access information from the network for monitoring downlink (DL) multicast traffic of the DL group communication based on a multicast decision. The UE is then ready for monitoring a multicast Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS) bearer for receiving the DL multicast traffic. The multicast MBMS bearer is associated with a Temporary Mobile Group Identifier (TMGI), and wherein the TMGI is associated with the communication group ID. In one embodiment, the access information comprises mapping information between the TMGI and the communication group ID.

Abstract: A multi-step scribing operation is provided for forming scribe lines in solar panels to form multiple interconnected cells on a solar panel substrate. The multi-step scribing operation includes at least one step utilizing a nanosecond laser cutting operation. The nanosecond laser cutting operation is followed by a mechanical cutting operation or a subsequent nanosecond laser cutting operation. In some embodiments, the multi-step scribing operation produces a two-tiered scribe line profile and the method prevents local shunting and minimizes active area loss on the solar panel.

Abstract: A portable electronic device includes an electronic module and an electronic module fixing structure. The electronic module fixing structure includes a main body, a sliding component, a rod and an elastic component connected between the main body and the sliding component. The main body has a track with a positioning portion. The sliding component is slidably disposed on the main body. The rod is rotatably connected with the sliding component. An end of the rod is adapted to move along the track. When the end is located at the positioning portion, the end and the positioning portion are interfered with each other to position the sliding component. When the electronic module pushes the sliding component, the rod is rotated to drive the end to move away from the positioning portion, and the sliding component pushes the electronic module away from the main body through elastic force of the elastic component.

Abstract: A method for searching data suitable for an electronic device is provided. A server is linked according to an input account, in which a plurality of user accounts and a plurality of marked results uploaded respectively by the user accounts are stored in the server. A searching string entered by the user is received through a browser. And searching in the server is performed so as to know whether or not the server contains the marked results with the above-mentioned searching string. The marked result and the corresponding user account are listed out when anyone of the marked results stored in the server contains the searching string.

Abstract: The invention discloses a device and method for solar-tracking according to sensor. The device calculates the angle of incidence and azimuth of the sunray through the illuminance sensed by the sensors in different positions. The device rotates the solar panel to the direction with the maximal solar irradiation. Then the solar panel can sense the maximum illuminance to have the maximal energy gain.

Abstract: A communication method for estimating Doppler spread includes the following steps: transmitting a preamble signal to a receiver from a transmitter of a transmission terminal. The preamble signal is received by the receiver; followed by dividing the received samples in the preamble signal into a plurality of sets of samples. The plurality of sets of samples are introduced into a Doppler spread estimation algorithm to estimate Doppler spread.

Abstract: A method for searching data suitable for an electronic device is provided. A server is linked according to an input account, in which a plurality of user accounts and a plurality of marked results uploaded respectively by the user accounts are stored in the server. A searching string entered by the user is received through a browser. And searching in the server is performed so as to know whether or not the server contains the marked results with the above-mentioned searching string. The marked result and the corresponding user account are listed out when anyone of the marked results stored in the server contains the searching string.

Abstract: The invention discloses a device and method for solar-tracking according to sensor. The device calculates the angle of incidence and azimuth of the sunray through the illuminance sensed by the sensors in different positions. The device rotates the solar panel to the direction with the maximal solar irradiation. Then the solar panel can sense the maximum illuminance to have the maximal energy gain.

Abstract: A multicast communication method for relaying a multicast packet from a first member node to a plurality of second member nodes in a wireless network is provided, wherein the first member node and the second member nodes belong to a same group and can communicate with each other via a plurality of non-member nodes. In the multicast communication method, a number and distances of the second member nodes are recorded. The multicast packet is received from the first member node, and a waiting time is determined according to the number and the distances of the second member nodes. Whether the multicast packet is broadcasted by any other relay node is monitored during the waiting time. If the multicast packet is already broadcasted to all the second member nodes by other relay node, the multicast packet is not broadcasted; otherwise, the multicast packet is broadcasted after the waiting time elapses.