Abstract: This invention discloses a desktop computer and a method for manufacturing the same. The desktop computer includes a display device and a main body. The display device has a display side and a back side. One end of the main body is connected to the back side of the display device. The other end of the main body and the display device contact a surface where the desktop computer is disposed. The angle between the main body and the display device is adjustable.

Abstract: An optical network and an optical signal modulation method thereof are provided. The optical network includes an optical fiber and a remote node (RN). The RN receives a continuous carrier wave from the optical fiber and modulates the continuous carrier wave to generate a first frequency offset carrier wave The frequency of the first frequency offset carrier wave is different from that of the continuous carrier wave. A first user device re-modulates and loads data to the first frequency offset carrier wave to generate a first upstream signal. The frequency of the first upstream signal is the same as that of the first frequency offset carrier wave. The RN inputs the first upstream signal into the optical fiber.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a fiber sensing system with self-detection mechanism which utilizes a central office to control secondary ring architecture formed by fiber sensor, remote node and optical coupler primarily. The secondary ring architecture is connected serially to form a primary ring architecture. The central office has a tunable laser light source that can deliver the light source to the fiber sensor. Since the fiber sensor has reflective ability, all light source signal sent by the tunable laser light source will be detected and measured by the fiber sensor. Thus central office can detect all signals reflected by the fiber sensor and produce a spectrum for analyzing fault point locations. The present invention can greatly enhance survivability and sensing capacity of all fiber sensors, so that when a fault point caused by environmental change within the fiber, it will not effect the overall operation of the sensing mechanism.

Abstract: A head-end circuit comprises first and second continuous light sources, first and second modulators. The first and the second continuous light sources provide first and second optical signals respectively corresponding to first wavelength and second wavelength, which is different from the first wavelength. The first modulator modulates the first optical signal based on first clock signal to generate an optical clock signal. The second modulator modulates the second optical signal based on downlink data to generate optical downlink data with the carrier of the second optical signal. The optical clock signal and the optical down link data are outputted to a remote antenna unit via first fiber path.

Abstract: Disclosed is directed to a laser source based on Fabry-Perot laser diodes (FP-LDs) and seeding method using the same. The laser source comprises a plurality of FP-LDs, an optical filter, and at least a fiber mirror. The FP-LDs are aligned to their corresponding filter modes of the optical filter, and output their optical spectrums. The optical spectrums are filtered via the optical filter then reflected into the FP-LDs. Each of the FP-LDs further outputs its optical spectrum with a form of continuous wave (CW) of single longitudinal mode (SLM). The outputted CWs may be treated as injected laser light sources. They may also be applied to the transmission architecture in wavelength-division-multiplexed passive optical networks.

Abstract: Memory devices are described along with methods for manufacturing and methods for operating. A memory device as described herein includes a plurality of memory cells located between word lines and bit lines. Memory cells in the plurality of memory cells comprise a diode and a metal-oxide memory element programmable to a plurality of resistance states including a first and a second resistance state, the diode of the memory element arranged in electrical series along a current path between a corresponding word line and a corresponding bit line. The device further includes bias circuitry to apply bias arrangements across the series arrangement of the diode and the memory element of a selected memory cell in the plurality of memory cells.

Abstract: A circuit for switching a signal path includes a path selection element, a detector, a switch, and a control circuit. A first end and a third end of the path selection element are coupled to the detector and the switch, respectively. The switch is normally in a conductive status for outputting an upload signal through the path selection element and the switch when the upload signal is input from a second end of the path selection element. When a download signal is transmitted to the detector, the detector transmits the download signal to the path selection element and enables a detection signal. The control circuit switches the switch status to an open-circuit status for outputting the download signal isolated by the switch from the second end of the path selection element. Until the download signal is transmitted completely, the control circuit switches the switch status to the conductive status.

Abstract: An optical amplifier is disclosed having a substantially uniform spectral gain. In an exemplary embodiment, the optical amplifier comprises a planar waveguide including a substrate, which includes a region doped with rare earth element. The optical amplifier also comprises an optical fiber including a core doped with the rare earth element. The optical fiber is optically coupled to the planar waveguide.

Abstract: This invention discloses a desktop computer and a method for manufacturing the same. The desktop computer includes a display device and a main body. The display device has a display side and a back side. One end of the main body is connected to the back side of the display device. The other end of the main body and the display device contact a surface where the desktop computer is disposed. The angle between the main body and the display device is adjustable.

Abstract: A fiber ring laser is provided, which includes an optic amplifier, a first optical coupler (OCP), a second OCP, a first fiber ring, a second fiber ring, a first polarization controller (PC), and a second PC. The first fiber ring is coupled to the optic amplifier, the first and the second OCPs. The second fiber ring is coupled to the first and the second OCPs. The optic amplifier amplifies a first laser beam with a specified wavelength range. The first fiber ring receives the first laser beam. The first and the second fiber rings respectively provide a first and a second resonant cavities. The first and the second PCs respectively control polarization states of the first and second resonant cavities. The first laser beam resonates in the first and the second resonant cavities to generate a second laser beam with a first and a second wavelengths.

Abstract: An optical amplifier is disclosed having a relatively high gain and low noise figure across the broadband wavelength range. In an exemplary embodiment, the optical amplifier comprises an optical fiber including a core doped with a fluorescent material, the optical amplifier having an associated first noise figure. The optical amplifier also comprises a semiconductor optical amplifier portion being optically coupled to the optical fiber, the semiconductor optical amplifier portion having an associated second noise figure, wherein the first noise figure is less than the second noise figure.

Abstract: An apparatus for preventing collision of upstream signals is provided. The apparatus is suitable for a time division multiplexing (TDM) passive optical network (PON). The apparatus includes an optical coupler device, an optic-electron converter (O/E), a control system, and an optical signal switch module. The O/E is coupled to the optical coupler device, the control system is coupled to the O/E, and the optical signal switch module is coupled to the optical coupler device and the control system. The optical coupler device receives a first optical signal and splits the first optical signal into a second optical signal and a third optical signal. The O/E converts the second optical signal into a first electrical signal. The control system generates a control signal according to the first electrical signal. The optical signal switch module determines whether to stop the third optical signal from passing the apparatus according to the control signal.

Abstract: A fiber ring laser is provided, which includes an optic amplifier, a first optical coupler (OCP), a second OCP, a first fiber ring, a second fiber ring, a first polarization controller (PC), and a second PC. The first fiber ring is coupled to the optic amplifier, the first and the second OCPs. The second fiber ring is coupled to the first and the second OCPs. The optic amplifier amplifies a first laser beam with a specified wavelength range. The first fiber ring receives the first laser beam. The first and the second fiber rings respectively provide a first and a second resonant cavities. The first and the second PCs respectively control polarization states of the first and second resonant cavities. The first laser beam resonates in the first and the second resonant cavities to generate a second laser beam with a first and a second wavelengths.

Abstract: A self-healing ring-based passive optical network (PON) including an optical fiber ring, an optical line termination (OLT), and a plurality of optical network units (ONUs) is provided. The optical fiber ring has a first end and a second end. The OLT is coupled to the first and the second end. The OLT receives a first signal from the first end or the first and the second end and transmits a second signal to the first end or the first and the second end. Each of the ONUs has a third end and a fourth end both coupled to the optical fiber ring. Each of the ONUs receives the second signal from the third and the fourth end and transmits the first signal to the third and the fourth end. The ONUs connect to the OLT through the optical fiber ring so as to form a ring-based PON.

Abstract: A device capable of equalizing optical powers of optical signals in a passive optical network, the device comprising a first optical coupler for receiving optical signals having different optical power levels, an optical circulator capable of directing the optical signals from the first optical circulator, a laser diode capable of generating equalized optical signals having a predetermined range of optical power levels in response to the optical signals directed from the optical circulator, and a second optical coupler for receiving the equalized optical signals.

Abstract: An optical amplifier is disclosed having a relatively high gain and low noise figure across the broadband wavelength range. In an exemplary embodiment, the optical amplifier comprises an optical fiber including a core doped with a fluorescent material, the optical amplifier having an associated first noise figure. The optical amplifier also comprises a semiconductor optical amplifier portion being optically coupled to the optical fiber, the semiconductor optical amplifier portion having an associated second noise figure, wherein the first noise figure is less than the second noise figure.

Abstract: An optical amplifier is disclosed having a substantially uniform spectral gain. In an exemplary embodiment, the optical amplifier comprises a planar waveguide including a substrate, which includes a region doped with rare earth element. The optical amplifier also comprises an optical fiber including a core doped with the rare earth element. The optical fiber is optically coupled to the planar waveguide.

Abstract: An apparatus for monitoring fiber-fault in an optical networks, such as a passive optical networks, suitable for monitoring at least one fiber path in connection. The apparatus includes at least one fiber grating, having an individual central wavelength and coupling with the fiber networks; at least one reflection unit; and at least one optical gain medium unit, which is coupled between the fiber grating and the reflection unit, so as to produce at least one optical signal. The optical signal is amplified by allowing the optical signal to transmit to-and-fro between the fiber grating and the reflection unit, and then inducing excitation. The optical signal corresponding to the reflection unit has a corresponding spectrum for use in monitoring the optical network.

Abstract: An optical-fiber signal generator is provided, which includes a driving unit having an adjustable output current; a laser source driven by the output current, wherein a spectrum of the laser source includes at least one resonant wavelength; an optical coupler having a plurality of coupling terminals, wherein one of the coupling terminals is coupled to the laser source and another one of the coupling terminals serves as an output terminal for outputting an optical signal; an optical-fiber coupled to the coupler; at least one optical-fiber grating disposed on the optical-fiber, wherein each optical-fiber grating has a central wavelength. By adjusting the output current of the driving unit, one of the resonant wavelengths of the laser source is matched to the central wavelength of one of the fiber gratings to produce the optical signal.