Abstract: A mask includes a transparent substrate, a first pattern, a second pattern, and a sub-resolution auxiliary feature. The first pattern and the second pattern are over the transparent substrate. The first pattern has an area of 0.16 ?m2 to 60000 ?m2. The second pattern has an area of 0.16 ?m2 to 60000 ?m2. The sub-resolution auxiliary feature is over the transparent substrate and connects the first pattern and the second pattern.

Abstract: A mask includes a transparent substrate, a first pattern, a second pattern, and a sub-resolution auxiliary feature. The first pattern and the second pattern are over the transparent substrate. The first pattern has an area of 0.16 ?m2 to 60000 ?m2. The second pattern has an area of 0.16 ?m2 to 60000 ?m2. The sub-resolution auxiliary feature is over the transparent substrate and connects the first pattern and the second pattern.

Abstract: A method of preparing mask data, the method begins with performing a logic operation to a design layout, and an optical proximity correction (OPC) is performed to the design layout to form an OPC feature. The OPC feature has a first jog and a second jog on a line, and the first jog is larger than the second jog in width. The OPC feature is resized to form a resized first jog and a resized second jog on the line if a width ratio of the first jog to the second jog being smaller than a predetermined value.

Abstract: A method of preparing mask data, the method begins with performing a logic operation to a design layout, and an optical proximity correction (OPC) is performed to the design layout to form an OPC feature. The OPC feature has a first jog and a second jog on a line, and the first jog is larger than the second jog in width. The OPC feature is resized to form a resized first jog and a resized second jog on the line if a width ratio of the first jog to the second jog being smaller than a predetermined value.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an integrated circuit structure that includes a semiconductor substrate having a first region and a second region having an area less than about 10 micron×10 micron; a first material layer over the semiconductor substrate and patterned to have a first circuit feature in the first region and a first mark in the second region; and a second material layer over the first material layer and patterned to have a second circuit feature in the first region and a second mark in the second region. The first mark includes first mark features oriented in a first direction, and second mark features oriented in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. The second mark includes third mark features oriented in the first direction, and fourth mark features oriented in the second direction.

Abstract: A method of assigning layout patterns includes identifying a first set of layout patterns of a current layout design that is new or has been modified in comparison with a reference layout design. A second set of layout patterns of the current layout design is identified. A member of the second set of layout patterns that is not a member of the first set of layout patterns has a distance, less than a predetermined threshold distance, to at least another member of the second set of layout patterns. A third set of layout patterns is not modified in comparison with the reference layout design. The third set of layout patterns is assigned to a plurality of masks according to the reference pattern-assigning result.

Abstract: A method of assigning layout patterns includes identifying a first set of layout patterns of a current layout design that is new or has been modified in comparison with a reference layout design. A second set of layout patterns of the current layout design is identified. A member of the second set of layout patterns that is not a member of the first set of layout patterns has a distance, less than a predetermined threshold distance, to at least another member of the second set of layout patterns. A third set of layout patterns is not modified in comparison with the reference layout design. The third set of layout patterns is assigned to a plurality of masks according to the reference pattern-assigning result.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an integrated circuit structure that includes a semiconductor substrate having a first region and a second region having an area less than about 10 micron×10 micron; a first material layer over the semiconductor substrate and patterned to have a first circuit feature in the first region and a first mark in the second region; and a second material layer over the first material layer and patterned to have a second circuit feature in the first region and a second mark in the second region. The first mark includes first mark features oriented in a first direction, and second mark features oriented in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. The second mark includes third mark features oriented in the first direction, and fourth mark features oriented in the second direction.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an integrated circuit structure that includes a semiconductor substrate having a first region and a second region having an area less than about 10 micron×10 micron; a first material layer over the semiconductor substrate and patterned to have a first circuit feature in the first region and a first mark in the second region; and a second material layer over the first material layer and patterned to have a second circuit feature in the first region and a second mark in the second region. The first mark includes first mark features oriented in a first direction, and second mark features oriented in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. The second mark includes third mark features oriented in the first direction, and fourth mark features oriented in the second direction.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an integrated circuit structure that includes a semiconductor substrate having a first region and a second region having an area less than about 10 micron×10 micron; a first material layer over the semiconductor substrate and patterned to have a first circuit feature in the first region and a first mark in the second region; and a second material layer over the first material layer and patterned to have a second circuit feature in the first region and a second mark in the second region. The first mark includes first mark features oriented in a first direction, and second mark features oriented in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. The second mark includes third mark features oriented in the first direction, and fourth mark features oriented in the second direction.

Abstract: A semiconductor process is described as follows. A material layer is provided on a substrate. A low-temperature oxidation treatment is performed to the material layer. A photoresist layer is formed on the material layer after the low-temperature oxidation treatment. The photoresist layer is patterned.

Abstract: A method for forming a photoresist layer is provided. The method includes following steps. A wafer is provided in a semiconductor machine. The wafer is spun at a first spin speed. A pre-wet solvent is dispensed on the spinning wafer by using a nozzle disposed at a fixed position. The pre-wet solvent then stops dispensing. The spin speed of the wafer is adjusted from the first spin speed to a second spin speed which is faster than the first spin speed. Thereafter, a photoresist layer is coated on the wafer.

Abstract: A method for forming a photoresist layer is provided. The method includes following steps. A wafer is provided in a semiconductor machine. The wafer is spun at a first spin speed. A pre-wet solvent is dispensed on the spinning wafer by using a nozzle disposed at a fixed position. The pre-wet solvent then stops dispensing. The spin speed of the wafer is adjusted from the first spin speed to a second spin speed which is faster than the first spin speed. Thereafter, a photoresist layer is coated on the wafer.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods, systems, techniques and apparatus related to an instrumentation used to classify tissue before and/or during removal. The tissue can include any hard tissue/soft tissue interface, such as a cataract within a lens. Before an operation, an ultrasound image can be provided that gives a full scan of the targeted region, e.g., a lens, and provide a hardness profile. The profile could include a two or three dimensional map of the tissue hardness, assisting a surgeon to choose a suitable surgical procedure and strategy. During the operation, hardness measurements can be carried out real-time, in a constant manner, while the surgeon is working. This data can allow the handpiece to automatically adjust to the surgical conditions including the tissue hardness, increasing surgical performance, decreasing surgical procedure time and reducing the rate of complications.

Abstract: A first film layer is formed over a substrate. A portion of the first film layer is removed to form a first alignment mark pattern and a first conductive layer is formed to fill the first alignment mark pattern to form a first alignment mark. A second film layer is formed and a portion of the second film layer is removed to form openings and to form a second alignment mark pattern. A second conductive layer is formed to fill the openings to form first conductive wires and to fill the second alignment mark pattern to form a second alignment mark. A third film layer and a hard mask layer are formed over the second film layer and a portion of the hard mask layer and the third film layer is removed to form via openings. A third conductive layer is formed in the via openings.

Abstract: A stacked alignment mark. The stacked alignment mark comprises a first alignment mark and a second alignment mark. The first alignment mark is located in a first film layer, wherein the first alignment mark is composed of a plurality of conductive wires. The second alignment mark is located in a second film layer under the first film layer. The first alignment mark is located in a first region corresponding to a second region in which the second alignment mark is located. Moreover, the second alignment mark at least contains a third region directly under a space between each two adjacent first conductive wires.

Abstract: A first film layer is formed over a substrate. A portion of the first film layer is removed to form a first alignment mark pattern and a first conductive layer is formed to fill the first alignment mark pattern to form a first alignment mark. A second film layer is formed and a portion of the second film layer is removed to form openings and to form a second alignment mark pattern. A second conductive layer is formed to fill the openings to form first conductive wires and to fill the second alignment mark pattern to form a second alignment mark. A third film layer and a hard mask layer are formed over the second film layer and a portion of the hard mask layer and the third film layer is removed to form via openings. A third conductive layer is formed in the via openings.

Abstract: A stacked alignment mark. The stacked alignment mark comprises a first alignment mark and a second alignment mark. The first alignment mark is located in a first film layer, wherein the first alignment mark is composed of a plurality of conductive wires. The second alignment mark is located in a second film layer under the first film layer. The first alignment mark is located in a first region corresponding to a second region in which the second alignment mark is located. Moreover, the second alignment mark at least contains a third region directly under a space between each two adjacent first conductive wires.

Abstract: A mobile network agent is installed in any network system. The mobile network agent automatically obtains the identification information of a mobile device that requests to establish connection with the network system and authenticate the identity of the mobile device. The authentication information is notified to the network system and the home network or the virtual private network (VPN) server of the mobile device. Communication packages coming from the home network or the VPN are received by the mobile network agent directly and are transmitted to the mobile device. On the other hand, communications packages coming from the mobile device are transmitted to the home network or the VPN via the mobile network agent, to be processed by the latter. Under the present invention, even if the mobile device or its home network is not installed with the mobile network agent, a mobile device is allowed to roam from network to network via a network system installed with the mobile network agent of this invention.