Abstract: Data synchronization method and device without redundant replication are used for providing real-time data accessing service and synchronizing valid data stored in a target storage apparatus to a backup storage apparatus at the same time. The target storage apparatus checks update statuses of the valid data. The valid data of the target storage apparatus is at least classified into a cold data group and a hot data group in accordance with the update statuses. In a first synchronization period, based on address information of the data block without valid data in the target storage apparatus, the data block without valid data is correspondingly established in the backup storage apparatus. At the first synchronization period, the valid data in the cold data group are synchronized from the target storage apparatus to the backup storage apparatus, and the valid data in the hot data group are not synchronized.

Abstract: A Double Data Rate (DDR) gating method is applied to a memory controller of an associated DDR gating apparatus. The DDR gating method includes: outputting from the memory controller an outward clock signal to a memory, and receiving from the memory a backward clock signal corresponding to the outward clock signal, wherein the backward clock signal is utilized as reference for a data read operation of the memory controller with respect to the memory; and providing an input stage of the memory controller with a reference signal to generate, through single ended receiving of the input stage, gating-related information for performing gating when sampling the backward clock signal, and lengthening time of a preamble of the backward clock signal with aid of the single ended receiving of the input stage, for increasing a detection margin of the preamble.

Abstract: A bend sensor for a flexible display panel is provided. The bend sensor includes plural detecting electrodes and a controlling circuit. The plural detecting electrodes are disposed on a touch panel. The touch panel is attached on the flexible display panel. The plural detecting electrodes generate plural detecting signals according to a change of an electric field or a magnetic field. The controlling circuit receives the plural detecting signals and judges a bending status of the flexible display panel according to the plural detecting signals.

Abstract: A bend sensor for a flexible display panel is provided. The bend sensor includes plural detecting electrodes and a controlling circuit. The plural detecting electrodes are disposed on a touch panel. The touch panel is attached on the flexible display panel. The plural detecting electrodes generate plural detecting signals according to a change of an electric field or a magnetic field. The controlling circuit receives the plural detecting signals and judges a bending status of the flexible display panel according to the plural detecting signals.

Abstract: A wrench is formed with a polygonal first engaging hole that is defined by a plurality of engaging surfaces and that is adapted for engaging a head of a first bolt. Each engaging surface has a pair of plane surface portions and an intermediate surface portion interconnecting the plane surface portions and defining a groove. The grooves of the engaging surfaces collaboratively define a polygonal second engaging hale for engaging a head of a second bolt. The intermediate surface portion of each engaging surface cooperates with the corresponding plane surface portions to form two angular intersections adapted to abut respectively against side surfaces of the head of the second bolt that define a corresponding corner of the head of the second bolt.

Abstract: A method for providing a one-hand user interface for a portable device with a touch screen including defining a one-hand operation plane on the touch screen based on a holding location of the portable device when operated by a user; enabling a one-hand operation mode; and receiving user inputs through the one-hand operation plane for controlling the portable device.

Abstract: An exemplary heat dissipation structure includes a circuit board, at least one electronic element, and a heat sink. The electronic element is mounted on the circuit board to form a circuit. The heat sink is mounted on the circuit board corresponding to the electronic element to dissipate heat generated by the electronic element. The heat sink is mounted by surface mount technology.

Abstract: A pyramid bump structure for electrically coupling to a bond pad on a carrier comprises a conductive block disposed at the bond pad and an oblique pyramid insulation layer covered at one side of the conductive block. The oblique pyramid insulation layer comprises a bottom portion and a top portion, and outer diameter of the oblique pyramid insulation layer is tapered from the bottom portion to the top portion. When the carrier is connected with a substrate and an anisotropic conductive film disposed at the substrate, the pyramid bump structure may rapidly embed into the anisotropic conductive film to raise the flow rate of the anisotropic conductive film. Further, a short phenomenon between adjacent bumps can be avoided to raise the yield rate of package process.

Abstract: A simulated sunlight generating device for generating a simulated sunlight required for evaluating performance of solar cells includes a plurality of driving units, a plurality of light-emitting units, and a plurality of adjusting units. The driving units drive the light-emitting units to emit light. The adjusting units enable the light of the light-emitting units to not only propagate along the same light route but also be added up and combined to form the simulated sunlight of an intended wavelength with ease of installation, ease of maintenance, low costs, high flexibility, and high efficiency.

Abstract: A wrench for gripping a rotary fastener, includes: a main body including a handle and a C-shaped head portion that is formed with parallel first and second holes; a first gripping element being resiliently movable in the first hole; and a second gripping element being resiliently movable in the second hole. When the main body is rotated clockwise, the rotary fastener is clamped between the first and second gripping elements and is rotated together with the main body. When the main body is rotated counterclockwise, the first and second gripping elements are moved resiliently by the rotary fastener to be separated from the rotary fastener.

Abstract: A printed circuit board includes a power supply, a plurality of loads, a copper sheet, and a plurality of metal sheets mounted onto the copper sheet. The copper sheet is electronically connected between the power supply and the loads. The power supply outputs a plurality of currents to the loads via a plurality of current traces passing through the copper sheet, the plurality of metal sheets are located along the plurality of current traces.

Abstract: The present invention related to a lift-off structure adapted to a substrate having a photoelectric device, the structure comprising: a buffer layer, forming on the substrate; an upper sacrificial layer, forming on the buffer layer; an etch stop layer, forming on the upper sacrificial layer, and the photoelectric device structure forming on the etch stop layer.

Abstract: A lift-off structure for substrate of a photoelectric device and method thereof, which making it possible to enable an etching solution to flow through not only external etch channel but also internal etch channel to etch a sacrificial layer in order to increase the overall etching speed and decrease the overall time of lifting a substrate off.

Abstract: A lift-off structure for substrate of a photoelectric device and method thereof, which making it possible to enable an etching solution to flow through not only external etch channel but also internal etch channel to etch a sacrificial layer in order to increase the overall etching speed and decrease the overall time of lifting a substrate off.

Abstract: An inverted metamorphic (IMM) solar cell semiconductor structure for use of a laser lift-off (LLO) process using external laser is introduced. The IMM solar cell semiconductor structure includes a substrate layer, a sacrifice layer, a plurality of bandgap layers, and a handle layer. The sacrifice layer, formed on the substrate layer, is made of a material containing a III-V compound. The bandgap layers, formed on the sacrifice layer, are for producing movements of electronic holes according to an absorbed extrinsic light wavelength. The handle layer is formed on the bandgap layers. Laser penetrates the substrate layer to fall on the sacrifice layer, such that the bandgap layers are lifted off by the sacrifice layer, thereby resulting in a high-efficiency IMM solar cell. A LLO laser lift-off method for the IMM solar cell semiconductor is further provided.

Abstract: A simulated sunlight generating device for generating a simulated sunlight required for evaluating performance of solar cells includes a plurality of driving units, a plurality of light-emitting units, and a plurality of adjusting units. The driving units drive the light-emitting units to emit light. The adjusting units enable the light of the light-emitting units to not only propagate along the same light route but also be added up and combined to form the simulated sunlight of an intended wavelength with ease of installation, ease of maintenance, low costs, high flexibility, and high efficiency.

Abstract: The present invention related to a lift-off structure adapted to a substrate having a photoelectric device, the structure comprising: a buffer layer, forming on the substrate; an upper sacrificial layer, forming on the buffer layer; an etch stop layer, forming on the upper sacrificial layer, and the photoelectric device structure forming on the etch stop layer.

Abstract: A photovoltaic apparatus includes a substrate, a light-concentrating heat sink unit and a solar cell. The light-concentrating heat sink unit includes a carrier connected to the substrate, at least two fins extending from the carrier, and at least two reflective layers each extending on a related one of the fins. The solar cell includes a lower electrode and a solder layer of low thermal resistance provided between the lower electrode and the carrier.

Abstract: Disclosed is a solar cell assembly with excellent photocurrent collection efficiency. The solar cell assembly includes a solar cell and a surface barrier layer. The solar cell includes a window layer. The surface barrier layer is provided on the window layer. The surface barrier layer is made of phosphide or arsenide.