Abstract: The present invention provides a method of forming paracyclyophane containing disulfide functional group. The paracyclophane is prepared by adding 3,3?-dithiodipropionic acid (DPDPA) and N-ethyl-N?-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)carbodiimide (EDC) into 4-aminomethyl [2,2] paracyclophane. The present invention further provides a chemical film and a method of forming the same. The chemical film contains poly-p-xylylene with disulfide functional group and is formed on a substrate by a chemical vapor deposition process.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of forming undertone layer of optical fiber with single-layer coating is provided. The optical fiber with single-layer coating includes, from the center outwards, glass core, cladding layer (outer diameter 80 um-125 um) and permanent coating (thickness 4 um-8 um). The method of forming undertone layer over permanent coating includes: placing optical fiber in a coloring machine so that coloring machine guiding optical fiber moving forwards, coloring machine having at least a mask device and a UV curing device; coating an undertone layer on permanent coating of optical fiber when optical fiber passing mask device, the thickness of undertone layer being 3-200 um; irradiating UV onto optical fiber passing UV curing device to solidify the undertone layer on permanent layer; and coloring machine collecting processed optical fiber, the coating strip force of undertone layer of optical fiber being less than 1 Newton.

Abstract: Graphene layers can be formed on a dielectric substrate using a process that includes forming a copper thin film on a dielectric substrate; diffusing carbon atoms through the copper thin film; and forming a graphene layer at an interface between the copper thin film and the dielectric substrate.

Abstract: A structure for optical fiber with single layer coating suitable for field termination process is provided, including a glass core, a cladding layer, and a permanent coating protective layer. The thickness of the permanent coating ranges preferably from about 4 um to 8 um, and remains on the optical fiber during the field termination process to provide protection to the optical fiber after the buffer layer is striped off. In addition, the optical fiber structure of the present invention still conforms to the specification of the standard optical fiber. The optical fiber of the structure according to the present invention can simplify the field termination process so that the quality efficiency of the deployment is improved.

Abstract: Graphene layers can be formed on a dielectric substrate using a process that includes forming a copper thin film on a dielectric substrate; diffusing carbon atoms through the copper thin film; and forming a graphene layer at an interface between the copper thin film and the dielectric substrate.

Abstract: A structure for optical fiber with single layer coating suitable for field termination process is provided, including a glass core, a cladding layer, and a permanent coating protective layer. The thickness of the permanent coating ranges preferably from about 4 um to 8 um, and remains on the optical fiber during the field termination process to provide protection to the optical fiber after the buffer layer is striped off. In addition, the optical fiber structure of the present invention still conforms to the specification of the standard optical fiber. The optical fiber of the structure according to the present invention can simplify the field termination process so that the quality efficiency of the deployment is improved.

Abstract: The present invention relates to Maruca vitrata cell lines established from pupal tissues of M. vitrata, including NTU-MV, two subclones of NTU-MV: NTU-MV-1 and NTU-MV-2. The NTU-MV cell line was confirmed to be derived from M. vitrata, and NTU-MV-1, and NTU-MV-2 were confirmed to be derived from NTU-MV by karyotype analysis, Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) analysis and isozyme analysis. The genotypes and characteristics of the abovementioned 3 cell lines are totally different from other insect cell lines so that they are newly established cell lines. In addition, these three MV cell lines are susceptible to Maruca vitrata multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (MaviMNPV). Therefore the 3 cell lines according to invention can be applied in multiplication of MaviMNPV in vitro to produce biopesticides in pest control. In addition, the cell lines can also be used as hosts for the expression vectors of baculovirus to produce recombinant proteins.

Abstract: In a method and apparatus for transferring carbonaceous material layer, a carbonaceous material layer is grown on a growth substrate, and a first continuous conveying unit is used to feed the growth substrate and a transfer material, so that a gluing layer of the transfer material is attached to the carbonaceous material layer on the growth substrate. Then, a transformation device changes a viscosity of the gluing layer for the latter to adhere to the carbonaceous material layer. A second continuous conveying unit is further used to transfer and then separate the mutually adhered transfer material and growth substrate from each other, so that some part of the carbonaceous material layer is transferred onto the gluing layer while other part of the carbonaceous material layer remains on the growth substrate. Thus, at least a one-layer-thickness of the carbonaceous material layer is transferred.

Abstract: Provided herein is an isolated polynucleotide sequence with internal ribosome entry site (IRES) activity, which directs translation initiation in an insect expression system in a cap-independent manner. In particular, the invention relates to an isolated polynucleotide comprises the 5? UTR of perina nuda Picorna-like virus (PnV) that possesses IRES activity. Methods of identifying a polynucleotide with IRES activity and methods of expressing at least two polypeptides in an insect system are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to Lymantria xylina cell lines established from pupal tissues of L. xylina Swinhoe, including NTU-LY-1, NTU-LY-2, NTU-LY-3, and NTU-LY-4. These four cell lines were confirmed to be newly established cell lines derived from L. xylina by random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) and isozyme analysis. The genotypes and characteristics of the abovementioned cell lines are totally different from other insect cell lines. In addition, these four L. xylina cell lines are susceptible to insect baculovirus of L. xylina multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (LyxyMNPV), LdMNPV-like virus, PenuMNPV, as well as microsporidia of Nosema sp. (isolated from Eurema blanda) and N. bombycis and the like. Therefore the invention can be applied in multiplication of the abovementioned insect-pathogenic microorganisms to produce biopesticides in pest control.

Abstract: A powering circuit of an AC-DC converter, for converting a high AC input voltage into a low DC output voltage to provide a load voltage in a stable DC bias range, includes a rectifier, a sensing circuit, a control switching circuit, and a voltage regulating capacitor. The rectifier has a primary side coupled to an AC power supply and a secondary side for outputting a DC power supply. The sensing circuit compares the AC input voltage with a preset reference voltage, and turns on a second switch in the control switching circuit when the AC input voltage is lower than the reference voltage, thereby providing a low DC output voltage. The control switching circuit sustains the DC output voltage in a stable DC bias range. Therefore, in addition to reducing the power consumption of the second switch, this circuit structure is simple and can achieve the purpose of circuit integration.

Abstract: A powering circuit of an AC-DC converter, for converting a high AC input voltage into a low DC output voltage to provide a load voltage in a stable DC bias range, includes a rectifier, a sensing circuit, a control switching circuit, and a voltage regulating capacitor. The rectifier has a primary side coupled to an AC power supply and a secondary side for outputting a DC power supply. The sensing circuit compares the AC input voltage with a preset reference voltage, and turns on a second switch in the control switching circuit when the AC input voltage is lower than the reference voltage, thereby providing a low DC output voltage. The control switching circuit sustains the DC output voltage in a stable DC bias range. Therefore, in addition to reducing the power consumption of the second switch, this circuit structure is simple and can achieve the purpose of circuit integration.

Abstract: The present invention relates to Maruca vitrata cell lines established from pupal tissues of M. vitrata, including NTU-MV, two subclones of NTU-MV: NTU-MV-1 and NTU-MV-2. The NTU-MV cell line was confirmed to be derived from M. vitrata, and NTU-MV-1, and NTU-MV-2 were confirmed to be derived from NTU-MV by karyotype analysis, Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) analysis and isozyme analysis. The genotypes and characteristics of the abovementioned 3 cell lines are totally different from other insect cell lines so that they are newly established cell lines. In addition, these three MV cell lines are susceptible to Maruca vitrata multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (MaviMNPV). Therefore the 3 cell lines according to invention can be applied in multiplication of MaviMNPV in vitro to produce biopesticides in pest control. In addition, the cell lines can also be used as hosts for the expression vectors of said baculovirus to produce recombinant proteins.

Abstract: The present invention relates to Lymantria xylina cell lines established from pupal tissues of L. xylina Swinhoe, including NTU-LY-1, NTU-LY-2, NTU-LY-3, and NTU-LY-4. These four cell lines were confirmed to be newly established cell lines derived from L. xylina by random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) and isozyme analysis. The genotypes and characteristics of the abovementioned cell lines are totally different from other insect cell lines. In addition, these four L. xylina cell lines are susceptible to insect baculovirus of L. xylina multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (LyxyMNPV), LdMNPV-like virus, PenuMNPV, as well as microsporidia of Nosema sp. (isolated from Eurema blanda) and N. bombycis and the like. Therefore the invention can be applied in multiplication of the abovementioned insect-pathogenic microorganisms to produce biopesticides in pest control.

Abstract: Provided herein is an isolated polynucleotide sequence with internal ribosome entry site (IRES) activity, which directs translation initiation in an insect expression system in a cap-independent manner. In particular, the invention relates to an isolated polynucleotide comprises the 5? UTR of perina nuda Picorna-like virus (PnV) that possesses IRES activity. Methods of identifying a polynucleotide with IRES activity and methods of expressing at least two polypeptides in an insect system are also disclosed herein.