Abstract: Disclosed is a conductive coating composition comprising a diquaternary ammonium compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 ia an alkyl group or alkylene group having from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, and R.sub.6 are independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl groups and aryl groups having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, n is a number of from 1 to about 5, and A is an anion. Also disclosed is an electrographic paper which comprises a base sheet coated on one surface with a dielectric coating composition and on its opposite surface with a conductive composition comprising a diquaternary ammonium compuond of the formula shown.

Abstract: A positively charged liquid toner composition comprised of a liquid carrier vehicle component, binder resin particles, pigment particles; and a charge enhancing additive comprised of a lake complex obtained by the reaction of an amino acid and a polyvalent metal.

Abstract: This invention is generally directed to new organic sulfate and organic sulfonate compositions and processes for the preparation of such compositions. These compositions are of the following formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is an alkyl group containing from about 12 carbon atoms to about 22 carbon atoms, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are independently selected from alkyl groups containing from about 1 carbon atom to about 5 carbon atoms, R.sub.4 is an alkylene group containing from about 1 carbon atom to about 5 carbon atoms, R.sub.5 is a para substituted phenyl group wherein the substituent is an alkyl group containing from about 1 carbon atom to about 6 carbon atoms, or an alkyl group containing from about 1 carbon atom to about 3 carbon atoms, and n is the number 3 or 4.

Abstract: A toner composition consisting essentially of resin particles, pigment particles, and oxide particles selected from the group consisting of individual additive particles of silicon oxides, aluminum oxides, and titanium oxides, which particles are prepared by a precipitation process and are of a diameter of from about 10 millimicrons to about 40 millimicrons.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a negatively charged toner compositions comprised of resin particles and pigment particles, and from about 0.1 percent by weight to about 20 percent by weight, of an aryl sulfone, or aryl alkyl sulfonamide negative charge enhancing additive of the following formulas.R.sub.1 --SO.sub.2 --R.sub.2 IR.sub.3 --SO.sub.2 --NH--R.sub.4 IIwherein R.sub.1 is an alkyl group containing from about 6 carbon atoms to about 22 carbon atoms, or an aryl group, R.sub.2 is an aryl group containing from about 6 carbon atoms to about 18 carbon atoms, R.sub.3 is an aryl group, and R.sub.4 is an alkyl group independent from R.sub.1, containing from about 6 carbon atoms to about 22 carbon atoms, or an aryl group.

Abstract: This invention is generally directed to dry negatively charged toner compositions comprised of resin particles, pigment particles and a polyanhydride charge enhancing composition of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is an alkyl group containing from about 6 carbon atoms to about 22 carbon atoms, and n is a number ranging from about 5 to about 2,000.

Abstract: This invention is directed to negatively charged toner compositions, and developer compositions, the toner composition being comprised of resin particles, and pigment particles, and from about 0.1 to about 10 percent based on the weight of the resin particles, a ortho-halo pheny carboxylic acid charge enhancing additive of the formula: ##STR1## wherein X is halogen, Y is hydrogen or halogen, and R is an alkylene group of from 1 to about 3 carbon atoms, and n is the number zero (O) or 1; as well as to methods of utilizing such compositions in electrostatographic imaging systems, particularly those systems wherein colored images are produced.

Abstract: This invention is directed to toner and developer compositions, as well as the use of such compositions in electrostatographic imaging systems, the toner composition being comprised of resin particles and pigment particles, and from about 0.1 percent to about 10 percent based on the weight of the toner particles, a para-halo phenyl carboxylic acid charge enhancing additive of the formula: ##STR1## wherein X is a halogen, R is an alkylene group containing from 1 to about 3 carbon atoms, and n is the number zero or 1.

Abstract: This invention is generally directed to toner compositions, and developer compositions containing same, the toner compositions being comprised of resin particles, and pigment particles, wherein one of the pigments is comprised of an alkaline earth salt of 4-amino-2-chlorotoluene-5-sulfonic acid coupled to 3-hydroxy-2-naphthalene carboxylic acid of the formula ##STR1## which compositions are useful in electrostatographic color imaging systems. In the above formula, X is the cation calcium, barium or strontium.

Abstract: This invention relates to an electrostatic developer composition comprised of resin particles, pigment particles, carrier particles, and a charge enhancing component comprised of a partially quaternized vinylpyridinium polymer or copolymer selected from the group consisting of those materials of the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R is an alkyl radical, A is an anion, B is an alkyl group or hydrogen, S is an acrylate, phenyl, halogen or cyano radical, x, y, u, v, w represent weight fraction numbers, subject to the provision that the sum of x and y is equal to 1, and the sum of u, v, and w is equal to 1, which compositions are useful in causing the development of images in electrostatographic imaging systems.

Abstract: This invention is directed to developer compositions comprised of toner particles and carrier particles, the toner particles being comprised of resin particles, pigment particles, and from about 0.1 to about 10 percent based on the weight of the toner particles of an alkyl pyridinium toluene sulfonate charge enhancing additive of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is an alkyl radical containing from about 12 carbon atoms to about 25 carbon atoms, which compositions are useful for causing the development of images in electrostatographic imaging systems.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a dry electrostatic toner composition containing a resin, a colorant or pigment, and an organic sulfate or sulfonate charge control additive of the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is an alkyl radical containing from about 12 carbon atoms to about 22 carbon atoms, and preferably from about 14 carbon atoms to 18 carbon atoms, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are independently selected from alkyl groups containing from about 1 carbon atom to about 5 carbon atoms, R.sub.4 is an alkylene group containing from about 1 carbon atom to about 5 carbon atoms, R.sub.5 is a tolyl group or an alkyl group containing from about 1 carbon atom to about 3 carbon atoms and n is the number 3 or 4. Such toners, especially when combined with carrier materials, are useful for causing the development of images in an electrophotographic system.

Abstract: Disclosed are positive toners comprised of a toner resin, pigment or colorant, and as a charge inducing material, long chain hydrazinium compounds of the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a hydrocarbon radical containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are independently selected from hydrogen groups or hydrocarbon radicals containing from about 1 to about 22 carbon atoms and A is an anion which in a preferred embodiment is selected from halides such as chloride, bromide, iodide, sulfate, sulphonate, phosphate, and nitrate. These toners, together with carrier materials can be used to develop images in electrophotographic systems.

Abstract: This invention is generally directed to a positively charged dry colored developer containing a resin, colored pigments, a single common carrier, and an alkyl pyridinium compound or the corresponding hydrate of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a hydrocarbon radical containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, and A is an anion, which in a preferred embodiment is selected from halides, sulfate, sulfonate, nitrate, borate, and phosphate. Examples of the colored pigments include magenta materials such as 2,9-dimethyl substituted quinacridones, while examples of cyan materials include copper tetra-4-(octadecylsulfonomido) phthalocyanines, and examples of yellow pigments include permanent yellow FGL, Color Index pigment yellow 97 and diaryldide yellow 3,3-dichloro benzidene, aceto anilides. The preferred resin is a styrene/n-butylmethacrylate resin while the preferred carrier used in the developer composition is a steel coated carrier, wherein the coating is comprised of a polyvinylidene fluoride resin.

Abstract: Magnetic toners, methods of their formation and utilization of the toners in various electrophotographic imaging systems is disclosed. The toners disclosed contain a nitrogen containing compound including, for example, amines and quaternary ammonium compounds. Toners containing such compounds are suitable for use in inductive development from a biased magnetic toner brush to an electrostatic image, and further subsequently such images may be transferred preferably by electrostatically type methods to a substrate such as plain bond paper.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the preparation of dry positively charged toner particles, and more spceifically a polymerization process for preparing dry positively charged toner resins, containing a charge control agent, or additive which has a dual function, as a wetting agent in the polymerization process, and as a charge control agent for the toner resin, whereby the charge control agent is firmly bonded (attached) to the toner resin and is uniformly dispersed in the resin, or emulsion polymerization of a monomer material, a pigment and a charge control additive. As a result of the polymerization there is formed a dry positively charged toner resin which has attached thereto the charge control agent.

Abstract: Disclosed is a positively charged developer comprised of a toner and an alkyl pyridinium compound and its hydrate of the formula ##STR1## wherein A is an anion selected from halides such as chlorine, bromine, iodine, sulfate, sulfonate, nitrate and borate, and R is a hydrocarbon radical containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms and preferably from 12 to 18 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Disclosed are positively charged toner compositions comprised of a thermoplastic resin, a pigment or colorant, and a charge inducing additive containing an amido dialkyl hydroxy ammonium compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are independently selected from hydrocarbon radicals containing up to 22 carbon atoms; and more specifically R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are hydrocarbon radicals containing from 1 carbon atom to about 8 carbon atoms, R.sub.3 is a hydrocarbon radical containing from about 8 carbon atoms to about 22 carbon atoms; R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are independently selected from alkylene radicals having up to 8 carbon atoms, and preferably from 1 carbon atom to about 5 carbon atoms; and A is an anion such as nitrate, dihydrogen phosphate, methyl hydrogen phosphate, and dimethyl phosphate. Developers containing these positively charged toner materials are prepared by adding carrier materials thereto.

Abstract: A toner composition comprised of a resin and a pigment coated with a nitrogen containing compound thereby causing a change in the charge characteristics of the pigment, the nitrogen containing compound being selected from the group consisting of(a) quaternary ammonium compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen, hydrocarbon radicals containing from 1 to about 22 carbon atoms, or mixtures thereof, and A is an anion selected from sulfate, sulfonate, nitrate, borate, chlorate, and halogen;(b) primary, secondary, or tertiary amines of the formula: ##STR2## wherein R is an aliphatic radical containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are hydrocarbon radicals containing from 1 to about 22 carbon atoms; and(c) an alkyl pyridinium compound, and its hydrates.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a dry electrostatic toner composition containing a resin, a colorant or pigment, and an organic sulfate or sulfonate charge control additive of the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is an alkyl radical containing from about 12 carbon atoms to about 22 carbon atoms, and preferably from about 14 carbon atoms to 18 carbon atoms, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are independently selected from alkyl groups containing from about 1 carbon atom to about 5 carbon atoms, R.sub.4 is an alkylene group containing from about 1 carbon atom to about 5 carbon atoms, R.sub.5 is a tolyl group or an alkyl group containing from about 1 carbon atom to about 3 carbon atoms and n is the number 3 or 4. Such toners, especially when combined with carrier materials, are useful for causing the development of images in an electrophotographic system.