Abstract: An apparatus and a method of wireless communication are provided. The method by a user equipment (UE) includes being configured by a base station with uplink (UL) grant resources for the UE to perform UL data transmission in an inactive state based on the configured UL grant resources; and performing the UL data transmission on the configured UL grant resources in the inactive state based on traffic characteristic of the UL data transmission and at least one transmission threshold. This can solve issues in the prior art, improve an issue of increasing in power consumption and signalling overhead, provide a good communication performance, and/or provide high reliability.

Abstract: A method of wireless communication is provided. The method includes receiving UE assistance information from user equipment (UEs); and transmitting, by the network node, unicast and a broadcast service simultaneously on a common physical channel based on the UE assistance information. With this method, better resource efficiency and flexible transmission are realized based on the UE assistance information.

Abstract: Power supply boards may include a printed circuit board (PCB) substrate including power supply circuitry, an input electrolytic capacitor mounted to the PCB substrate and operably coupled to the power supply circuitry, and a Y-capacitor that may be surface-mounted to the PCB substrate on an opposing side of the PCB substrate from the input electrolytic capacitor. The Y-capacitor may be operably coupled to the power supply circuitry.

Abstract: A wireless communication method for execution by a user equipment (UE) is provided. The UE receives a radio resource control (RRC) message used for transiting the UE to an RRC inactive state and starts a small data transmission (SDT) time alignment timer (TAT) upon receiving the RRC message. The UE determines whether timing alignment (TA) for the UE is validated through TA validation at least based on the TAT and at least one measurement of reference signal received power (RSRP) compared to at least one RSRP associated threshold. The UE transmits uplink small data on pre-configured SDT resources in the RRC inactive state of the UE when the TA for the UE is validated through TA validation.

Abstract: A group-common resource allocation method for multicast and broadcast service (MBS) and related devices are provided. The method includes when there is no data ongoing for MBS and unicast on an active BWP, switching from the active BWP to a default BWP upon expiry of a first MBS bwp-Inactivity Timer for MBS or a bwp-Inactivity Timer for unicast; and monitoring group-common resources on the default BWP for MBS reception. With this method, power consumption for MBS reception is improved.

Abstract: A method for small data transmission (SDT) in a power saving state is provided. The method includes transmitting the SDT on a first SDT bandwidth part (BWP) in the power saving state; receiving at least one of a system information (SI) change indication or a public warning system (PWS) indication on the first SDT BWP; and receiving at least one of updated SI or PWS information based on the received indication. With this method, monitoring SI change and/or PWS information on associated BWP during the SDT can achieved.

Abstract: A method for small data transmission (SDT) in a power saving state is provided. The method includes applying at least one SDT related timer during the SDT on a first SDT bandwidth part (BWP) for the UE in the power saving state; and if the at least one SDT related timer is not running on the first SDT BWP, switching from the first SDT BWP to a second SDT BWP for receiving at least one of updated system information (SI) or public warning system (PWS) information from the network. With this method, monitoring SI change and/or PWS information on associated BWP during the SDT can achieved.

Abstract: A group-common resource allocation method and a BWP switching method for multicast and broadcast service (MBS) and related devices are provided. The method includes being allocated a unicast bandwidth part (BWP) with one or more group-common resources for MBS by a base station; and staying on a same active unicast BWP for monitoring the one or more group-common resources for MBS reception without any BWP switching, wherein the one or more group-common resources for MBS are confined with resources of the active unicast BWP. With this method, reliability of MBS transmission is improved.

Abstract: A method for small data transmission (SDT) in RRC_INACTIVE state and related devices are provided. The method includes receiving a first SDT Timing Advance Command Media Access Control (MAC) Control Element (CE) from the network; starting or restarting Timing Alignment Timer (TAT) upon the reception of a Timing Advance (TA) command carried by the first SDT Timing Advance Command MAC CE, for keeping uplink (UL) time alignment during SDT in RRC_INACTIVE state; and when UL data arriving in UE TX buffer, transmitting SDT to the network while the TAT is running. With this method, UL synchronization/timing maintenance in RRC_INACTIVE state is realized.

Abstract: A method for small data transmission (SDT) in RRC_INACTIVE state and related devices are provided. The method includes receiving a SDT configuration, which is used for configuring SDT UL grant, wherein the SDT configuration comprises a SDT threshold; based on the SDT threshold, determining which type of SDT procedures is to be applied in RRC_INACTIVE state; upon reception of a Timing Advance (TA) command in the RRC_INACTIVE state, applying the TA command, and starting or restarting Timing Alignment Timer (TAT) for keeping uplink (UL) time alignment during SDT in the RRC_INACTIVE state; and applying the determined SDT procedure based on the started or restarted TAT, wherein the SDT configuration and/or the SDT UL grant is sustained even if the TAT expires. With this method, UL synchronization/timing maintenance in RRC_INACTIVE state is realized.

Abstract: A method for small data transmission (SDT) in RRC_INACTIVE state and related devices are provided. The method includes receiving a Radio Resource Control (RRC) release message used for providing SDT configuration, and a first timing advance (TA) command transmitted along with the RRC release message; applying the first TA command upon the reception of the RRC release message; and starting or restarting Timing Alignment Timer (TAT) upon the reception of the first TA command transmitted along with the RRC release message, for keeping uplink (UL) time alignment during SDT in RRC_INACTIVE state. With this method, UL synchronization/timing maintenance in RRC_INACTIVE state is realized.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method of wireless communication for multicast and broadcast service (MBS) are provided. The method for MBS by a user equipment (UE) includes being configured, from at least one of a first base station, a second base station, or a third base station, with a shared-5G multicast and broadcast service network (S-5MBSN) information in a S-5MBSN before a cell reselection and receiving, from the at least one of the first base station, the second base station, or the third base station, an MBS data in the S-5MBSN during a UE mobility, wherein the S-5MBSN is shared by an inter-cell, an inter node, and/or multiple public land mobile networks (PLMNs), the S-5MBSN provides a same 5MBS session/content, and the same 5MBS session/content is scheduled by the inter-cell, the inter node, and/or the multiple PLMNs independently.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method of wireless communication for multicast and broadcast service (MBS) are provided. The method for MBS by a user equipment (UE) includes transmitting a UE assistance information to a source cell and/or a target cell for cell reselection, receiving a group notification from the source cell and/or the target cell, wherein the group notification is transmitted based on a 5G multicast and broadcast service (5MBS) service continuity (SC) request and a 5MBS response between the source cell and the target cell, and receiving an MBS data transmission via a specific bearer type from the source cell and/or the target cell based on an MBS reliability requirement, wherein the MBS data transmission is transmitted via a multicast radio bearer (MRB) which is multiplexed with a unicast data.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method of wireless communication are provided. The method by a first next generation radio access network (NG-RAN) includes performing, by the first NG-RAN, a non-public network (NPN) cell identification on an access stratum (AS) level for downlink (DL), wherein performing, by the first NG-RAN, the NPN cell identification includes at least one of the followings: wherein a synchronization sequence for NPN can be transmitted in one or more synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) on an initial bandwidth part (BWP) by an NPN cell, wherein in a broadcasting system information on a DL BWP, an NPN identifier (ID) is present in an NPN access related information information element (IE), wherein the DL BWP for NPN is used to transmit an SSB and related system information, or wherein an access class permission is transmitted in system information on the DL BWP for NPN access allowance.

Abstract: A wireless communication method by a first NG-RAN for onboarding and provisioning in NPN includes transmitting, by the first NG-RAN, an NPN cell identification imposed on an AS level to a UE, wherein the NPN cell identification imposed on the AS level includes at least one of the followings: a synchronization sequence for NPN can be transmitted in one or more SSBs on an initial BWP by an NPN cell, in a broadcasting system information on a DL BWP, an NPN ID is present in an NPN access related information IE and an NPN access permission is present in a cell usage IE, the DL BWP for NPN is used to transmit an SSB and related system information, or an access class permission is transmitted in system information on the DL BWP for NPN access allowance.

Abstract: The invention discloses a forward osmosis (FO) membrane containing silica nanoparticles having high permeate water flux and its manufacturing method. The FO membrane containing a plurality of silica nanoparticles comprises a substrate layer made of polysulfone and a polyamide layer disposed on the substrate layer. In the course of manufacturing the polyamide layer on the substrate layer by interfacial polymerization, the plurality of silica nanoparticles with different properties is added into the polyamide layer to obtain the FO membrane containing silica nanoparticles having high permeability and solute selectivity.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method of wireless communication are provided. The method by a user equipment (UE) includes being configured by a base station with uplink (UL) grant resources for the UE to perform UL data transmission in an inactive state based on the configured UL grant resources; and performing the UL data transmission on the configured UL grant resources in the inactive state based on traffic characteristic of the UL data transmission and at least one transmission threshold. This can solve issues in the prior art, improve an issue of increasing in power consumption and signalling overhead, provide a good communication performance, and/or provide high reliability.

Abstract: A base station and user equipment with prioritized transmission considerations are provided. The base station generates an RRC configuration message for a user equipment. The RRC configuration message includes a first information element regarding a PHY layer, wherein the first information element is related to a DCI format for a specific indication, and the specific indication is related to a prioritized transmission mode. The RRC configuration message further includes a second information element regarding a MAC layer, wherein the second information element defines a transmission restriction of each of a plurality of logical channels, and at least one of the transmission restrictions corresponds to the prioritized transmission mode. The base station further transmits the RRC configuration message to the user equipment. The user equipment receives the RRC configuration message from the base station and reads the first information element and the second information element from the RRC configuration message.

Abstract: A base station and a user equipment with enhanced PDCP duplication are provided. The base station generates at least one RRC message for a user equipment, wherein the at least one RRC message includes a set of multiple activation criteria, and each activation criterion corresponds to one of multiple RLC entities. The base station transmits the at least one RRC message to the user equipment. Multiple logical channels are provided in a MAC layer, each RLC entity corresponds to at least one of the logical channels, each RLC entity corresponds to a working status (activation or deactivation). At least one of the working statuses of the RLC entities is changed due to at least one of the activation criteria being satisfied, and the base station changes a transmission restriction of at least one specific logical channel among the logical channels based on the changed working statuses of the RLC entities.

Abstract: A glass structure includes a glass substrate, a first sensing layer, a second sensing layer, a signal wire layer and an insulative layer. Each of the two sensing layers is formed by a metal oxide conductive film electrically connected onto a metal mesh and has sensing columns and isolation columns which insulatively separate the sensing columns. An end of each of the sensing columns is provided with a contact connected to the signal wire layer. Conductive material of each isolation column is divided into disconnected insulative areas. The insulative layer is adhesively disposed between the first and second sensing layers. The sensing columns of the first sensing layers are orthogonal to the second sensing columns on the second sensing layer to constitute a capacitive sensing unit array.