Abstract: A video encoder is configured to entropy encode an absolute value of a quantization level of a current transform coefficient at position (xC, yC), wherein the absolute value is encoded using context adaptive binary arithmetic encoding of bins of a first binarization. The video coder is further configured, for the current transform coefficient, to encode a bin of the first binarization by using a context which is determined based on a sum of minimum absolute values of transform coefficient quantization levels, based on encoded bins of the first binarization, at one or more transform coefficient positions among (xC+1, yC), (xC+2, yC), (xC+1, yC+1), (xC, yC+1), and (xC, yC+2).

Abstract: The invention is directed towards an improved image-guided therapy system.

Abstract: A spectral X-ray imaging system (100) includes an X-ray source (110) and an X-ray detector (120) that are mounted to a support structure (150). The support structure (150) is configured to rotate the X-ray source (110) and the X-ray detector (120) around two or more orthogonal axes (A-A?, B-B?). One or more processors (130) are configured to cause the system (100) to perform operations that include: generating a spectral image based on the spectral image data; and identifying, in the spectral image, a position of a first fiducial marker (180i) comprising a first material, based on a first X-ray absorption k-edge energy value (190i) of the first material.

Abstract: All X-ray computerized tomography systems that are available or proposed base their reconstructions on measurements that integrate over energy. X-ray tubes produce a broad spectrum of photon energies and a great deal of information can be derived by measuring changes in the transmitted spectrum. We show that for any material, complete energy spectral information may be summarized by a few constants which are independent of energy. A technique is presented which uses simple, low-resolution, energy spectrum measurements and conventional computerized tomography techniques to calculate these constants at every point within a cross-section of an object. For comparable accuracy, patient dose is shown to be approximately the same as that produced by conventional systems. Possible uses of energy spectral information for diagnosis are presented.

Abstract: A method and system enable estimating and visualizing trajectories of an interventional device guided by a robot and configured for insertion into an anatomical structure. The method includes training a model with regard to predicting trajectories of the interventional device based on training data from previous images and corresponding control inputs; receiving image data from an image showing a current position of the interventional device; receiving untriggered control inputs for controlling the robot to guide future movement of the interventional device; predicting a trajectory of the interventional device by applying the image data and the untriggered control inputs to the trained model; displaying the predicted trajectory of the interventional device overlaid on the image of the anatomical structure; triggering the untriggered control inputs to control the robot to guide movement of the interventional device according to the triggered control inputs when the predicted trajectory is acceptable.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for analyzing diagnostic image data are provided in which a plurality of acquisition images of a vessel of interest having been acquired with a pre-defined acquisition method is received at a trained classifying device and classified, by the classifying device, to extract at least one quantitative feature of the vessel of interest from at least one acquisition image of the plurality of acquisition images. The at least one quantitative feature is then output associated with the at least one acquisition image while the acquisition of the diagnostic image data is still in progress and one or more adjustable image acquisition settings are adjusted based on the at least one quantitative feature to optimize the acquisition of the diagnostic image data.

Abstract: The present invention relates to matching a field of view for mobile 3D imaging, for example mobile C-arm 3D imaging In order to provide image data that is improved for comparing purposes, for example when using a mobile X-ray imaging system, first location information of a first reconstruction volume based on a first sequence of X-ray images of a region of interest of a subject acquired along a first trajectory in a first position of an X-ray imaging device is received. Further, a planned second trajectory for acquiring a second sequence of X-ray images in a second position of the X-ray imaging device is received and a resulting second reconstruction volume for the second sequence of X-ray images is calculated. Then, second location information for the second reconstruction volume is determined. Further, a degree of comparability for the first reconstruction volume and the second reconstruction volume is determined based on the first location information and the second location information.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining a functional index for stenosis assessment of a vessel is provided. The apparatus comprises an input interface (40) and a processing unit (50). The input interface is configured to obtain image data (30) representing a two-dimensional representation of a vessel (6). The processing unit (50) is configured to determine a course of the vessel (6) and a width (w1, w2) of the vessel along its course in the image data and is further configured to determine the functional index for stenosis assessment of the vessel based on the width of the vessel in the image data.

Abstract: An apparatus for assessing a vessel of interest and a corresponding method are provided in which the modeling of the hemodynamic parameters using a fluid dynamics model can be verified by deriving feature values from the segmented vessel of interest and inputting these feature values into a classifier. The classifier may then determine, based on the feature values whether the segmentation has been performed from proximal to distal, from distal to proximal or cannot be determined from the provided data. An incorrect segmentation order can thus be identified and potentially be corrected, thereby avoiding inaccurate simulation results.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for selecting one or more diagnostic images to generate a physiological model are provided in which a set of candidate images is determined for review by a user, in particular by a physician. The candidate images are hereby determined using one or more target measures, such as a density measure, a motion measure, a deviation measure or the like, that have been derived for each diagnostic image of an X-ray angiography series and by analyzing said target measure. Subsequently, a suitability score that is based on the requirements of the physiological model that shall be generated from the selected candidate images is assigned to each candidate image.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a compound of Formula (I)

Abstract: An image processing system (IPS), comprising an input interface (IN) for receiving a projection image from a plurality of projection images of a movable object (PAT) acquired along different directions by an imaging apparatus (XA), the projection images defined in a projection domain spanned by a radiation sensitive surface of the detector (D). The system includes a motion checker (MC) configured to operate in the projection domain to decide whether the projection image is corrupted by motion of the object during acquisition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device (1) for providing image data during an extraction procedure for extracting a lead from the body of a subject using an extraction device (7). The device comprises an input (2) for receiving live x-ray projection image data of the lead during the extraction procedure and for receiving three-dimensional image data as acquired before the extraction procedure. A processing unit (3) determines a position of the extraction device (7) in the three-dimensional image data by detecting the position in the live projection image data during the procedure and correlates this position in the live projection image data with the position in the three-dimensional image data. An output (4) generates an image of a cross-sectional view of the lead and/or its surrounding body structure at the determined position based on the three-dimensional image data.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining a functional index for stenosis assessment of a vessel is provided. The apparatus comprises an input interface (40) and a processing unit (50). The input interface is configured to obtain image data (30) representing a two-dimensional representation of a vessel (6). The processing unit (50) is configured to determine a course of the vessel (6) and a width (w1, w2) of the vessel along its course in the image data and is further configured to determine the functional index for stenosis assessment of the vessel based on the width of the vessel in the image data.

Abstract: The invention relates to a blood flow determination apparatus (5) comprising a speckle density determination unit (7) for determining a speckle density value being indicative of a level of a speckle density in an ultrasound image of an inner lumen of a blood vessel, which has been generated at an imaging location being behind an introduction location at which a fluid has been introduced into the blood vessel (20) with a known volumetric fluid flow rate. A blood flow rate determination unit (8) determines a blood flow value being indicative of a volumetric blood flow rate based on the determined speckle density value and the volumetric fluid flow rate. This allows determining the intravascular blood flow with an improved accuracy.

Abstract: An apparatus for assessing a coronary vasculature and a corresponding method are provided which allow to globally assess a coronary artery disease directly from the contrast agent dynamics as derived from diagnostic images acquired using an invasive medical imaging modality by following the time course of the area occupied by the vessels in the diagnostic images.

Abstract: The present invention relates to subtraction imaging. In order provide further improved accuracy of masking images, a device (10) for digital subtraction imaging is provided comprising an image data input (12), a data processor (14) and an output interface (16). 3D image data (22) of a region of interest of an object is received that comprises a 3D representation of the object based on a reconstruction from a plurality of 2D projection images. Further, a 2D live X-ray image (24) of the region of interest is received. The 3D image data and the 2D live X-ray image are registered, wherein a matching pose of the 3D image data corresponding to the 2D live X-ray image is determined. A digitally reconstructed radiography is computed from the 3D image data based on the determined matching pose to generate a 2D mask image.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a compound comprising a cyclic peptide of formula (I) and an N-terminal modification group A attached to Xaa1, wherein Xaa1, Xaa2, Xaa3, Xaa4, Xaa5 and Xaa6 are each residues of an amino acid, Xaa7 is a residue of an amino thiol or an amino acid of formula, Yc is a cyclization element which is either present or absent, and the N-terminal modification group A is either a blocking group Abl or an amino acid Aaa.

Abstract: An iterative method is for determining training data for a primary model to solve a primary recognition task. The iterative method includes a) providing at least one labeled training sample, b) training the primary model with the at least one labeled training sample, c) providing at least one labeled test sample, and d) evaluating a recognition performance of the primary model using the labeled test sample on the primary recognition task. The iterative method further includes, depending on a result of the evaluating the recognition performance, either (i) re-performing parts a), b), c), and d) of the iterative method, or (ii) ending the iterative method.

Abstract: An apparatus for image reconstruction that includes input circuitry configured to acquire, from an image sequence, first and second 2D projection data of a region of interest of an object at respective acquisition times; and provide first 3D object data of a first object in a region of interest and second 3D object data of a second object in a region of interest. The apparatus also includes a processor configured to generate a first registration of the first and/or second 3D object data to the first 2D projection data and a second registration of the first and/or second 3D object data to the second 2D projection data; provide a vector field defining motion of the second object relative to the first object between the acquisition times based on the registrations; generate corrected projection data using the vector field; and generate a motion-compensated image sequence based on the corrected projection data.