Abstract: A roll arrangement for calendars or super-calendars is provided by the combination of two rolls which together form a press nip wherein one of the rolls is solely deflection-controllable and the other roll is solely temperature-controllable zone by zone. The temperature-controllable roll has a tubular rotatable roll shell and a stationary core extending through the roll shell. The space between the roll shell and the core is divided by means of several peripheral seals into numerous annular chambers. A flow of fluid is guided through each of the annular chambers. The fluid temperature in each annular chamber is independently controllable. Consequently the temperature-controlled roll shell can be heated by the fluid to different degrees along the axis thereof to control its external diameter along each zone. The peripheral seals are sized to have free play in a direction transverse to the roll axis and are constructed as endless, metallic rings.

Abstract: A control valve for regulating and maintaining the pressure ratio between two pressures (p.sub.1 and p.sub.2) associated, respectively, with two separate pressure systems at a constant value. In particular, the pressure (p.sub.2), prevailing in hydraulic cylinders which serve to press one press roll against a counter roll in a roll press, is controlled as a function of the pressure (p.sub.1) of the fluid which transfers the contact pressure in a deflection adjusting roll of the roll press. The control valve includes a piston, movably disposed in the housing of the control valve, and provided with a first end face area (A1) at one end thereof and a second end face area (A2) at the opposite end thereof. The end face area (A1) is subjected to the first pressure (p.sub.1) in a first pressure chamber (1a) and the second end face area (A2) is subjected to the second pressure (p.sub.2) in a second pressure chamber (2a).

Abstract: A device for condensate removal from a steam-heated rotatable drying cylinder having a condensate suction pipe rotating with the drying cylinder and featuring a suction mouthpiece on the inside surface of the cylinder shell. A steam blowing line extends from the area of the axis of rotation of the drying cylinder into the interior of the suction mouthpiece. The mouth of the steam blowing line located there is arranged a maximally short distance from the inside surface of the cylinder shell and is directed and/or aligned on the condensate suction pipe.

Abstract: In an extended nip proess including a stationary support member, a hydraulically actuatable press shoe supported on and extending along the support member and a rotatable counter-roll opposed to and extending along the direction of the press shoe, there is a flexible, tubular press jacket which rotates around the support member and which is sealed so as to be inflatable by air. Before rotation of the counter-roll starts, the press jacket is air inflated and expands to partially wrap around the counte-roll. After rotation of the counter-roll and the press jacket begins, and only after a set minimum velocity has been exceeded, then the press shoe is fluid pressurized against the press jacket. At the time, the air pressure in the press jacket is reduced. Various control devices control the feed of pressure liquid to the press shoe and the feed of air to the press jacket until and then after a minimum speed level is exceeded.

Abstract: A stone roll for paper machines having a rotatable tubular roll shell of stone. A bearing flange is disposed at either end of the stone roll. A plurality of paraxially arranged stressing rods are disposed in bores in the roll and extend between the bearing flanges. A stationary beam extends through the bore of the roll. A layer of metal is disposed at or defined on the inner surface of the tubular roll shell. Seals extend from the sides of the beam into contact with the metal layer. A hydraulic pressure chamber is defined between the stationary beam and the inner surface of the metal layer and around the beam between the seals for enabling force exerted on the exterior of the roll to be transmitted to the stationary beam.

Abstract: A press roll with adjustable sag includes a yoke on stationary flexure girder and a hollow roll shell rotatable around the flexure girder. A hydraulic support device disposed between the flexure girder and the roll shell transmits a pressing force from the flexure girder to the roll shell. An outer gear rim which meshes with a drive pinion is fastened to the roll shell. A gear housing which surrounds the gear rim and the drive pinion, is supported by means of support bearings against the roll shell by a centrally arranged support disk thereof and the support bearings are disposed radially within the outer gear rim on both sides of its support disk. On each side of the outer gear rim, the gear housing is provided with a tubular collar piece on the outside of a support bearing.

Abstract: The invention relates to a spur-gear system for driving a roll shell which bears an outer gear-wheel on one of its ends. The roll shell and the outer gear-wheel are monted via a common self-aligning bearing which is disposed concentrically within the outer gear-wheel. A pinion gear-wheel meshing with the outer gear-wheel is also mounted via a self-aligning bearing disposed concentrically within it. Both self-aligning bearings are mounted on the same support in the form of a cap. The outer gear-wheel and the pinion gear-wheel each have an abutment rim on one side. The contact surfaces thereof roll against each other during normal operation so that the axes of the two gear-wheels are parallel with each other. A geared coupling shaft driving the pinion gear-wheel is inclined in such a way that the pitching moment acting on the pinion keeps the two abutment rims in contact with each other.

Abstract: A drying cylinder, which can be steam heated, has the following features: The cylinder shell has on its internal surface circumferential grooves in which condensate from the steam collects; to remove the condensate from the drying cylinder there is provided at least one condensate collection pipe, extending at right angles over the circumferential grooves, to which several suction pipes extending into the grooves are connected; in the direction of the flow of the condensate, in front of the inlet region of each individual suction pipe, there is provided a condensate conveying element which has a guide surface parallel to the bottom of the circumferential groove; the guide surface always lies between the bottom of the circumferential groove and the inlet end of the suction pipe.

Abstract: An extended nip press for removal of water from a web of fibers experiences a press shoe expansion and deformation problem due to uneven heating of the press shoe under load. The press nip includes a rotatable press roll, which is opposed to a press shell or jacket that rides over a press shoe that is supported in a recess on a supporting member. The press shoe has an upper part with a top surface on which the press belt slides through the press nip and has a lower supporting part. The upper and lower parts are heat insulated by an inserted insulating layer. The upper and lower parts are form locked by a spline connection toward the inlet side of the press nip. To avoid heat-caused deformation of the press shoe, the lower supporting part has a greater moment of resistance against flexure than the upper part due to their respective cross-sections.

Abstract: A roll for calendars or super-calendars has a tubular rotatable roll shell (20) and a stationary core (30) extending through the roll shell. The space (31) between the roll shell and the core is divided by means of several peripheral seals (32) into numerous annular chambers (31a, 31b . . . ). A flow of fluid is guided through each of the annular chambers. The fluid temperature in each annular chamber is independently controllable. Consequently the roll shell (20) can be heated by the fluid to different degrees along the axis thereof to control its external diameter along each zone. The core (30) is only supported at its ends. The peripheral seals (32) are sized to have free play in a direction transverse to the roll axis and are constructed as endless, metallic rings. The external diameter of the rings is a trifle smaller than the internal diameter of the roll shell (20).

Abstract: A press roll for acting in opposition to a counter roll. The press roll has a support member which is supported at its opposite ends. The support member is stationary in certain most embodiments and rotatable in one embodiment. A flexible, liquid-tight endless press jacket is wrapped around the support member. At each lateral end of the press roll, the press jacket is fastened to the outward end of a supporting disk, which is rotatably mounted on the support member. The lateral edge zones of the press jacket are both deformed radially inwardly around the outside of the respective supporting disks and each edge zone is clamped there by a annular clamping flange. To facilitate deformation of the edge zones, at least one of the edge zones terminates in a series of tongues separated by cutouts arrayed around the roll. Coiled tension springs engage the edge zone and/or the tongues to pull them in the direction toward the axis of the roll.

Abstract: A press roller is provided which permits adjustable bowing under load. The press roller has a hollow, rotatable roller casing through which a stationary cross head extends. A semi-circular pressure chamber is formed between the cross head and the roller casing. In this chamber, two annular pistons are provided which rest on one end surface of the inner surface of the roller casing and are guided in a sealing manner in recesses in the cross head. To prevent bending oscillations by the cross head, the annular pistons enclose substantially rigid fluid cushions which are isolated from one another.

Abstract: The belt press unit of a paper machine includes an elastic tubular press belt which passes around the circumference of and is spaced from the surface of a hollow, annular supporting body. A press shoe in the supporting body presses outwardly and urges the press belt against an opposing surface on a mating roller for defining a press nip. Circumferentially outside of the press zone, each of a plurality of circumferentially spaced guide ledges extends across the direction of travel of the belt. A torsionally rigid beam extends through and is attached at two axially spaced locations along the hollow of the annular supporting body. At least one of the guide ledges is supported to the beam, whereby radial deflection of the supporting body does not result in radial deflection of the beam and thus does not cause radial shifting of the guide ledge. The beam is axially displaceable with respect to the supporting body.

Abstract: A machine for making a fiber web with sharply defined edges, specifically a paper or tissue web, between a felt and a wire, features a headbox that dispenses the fiber suspension into a feed-in area formed between the felt and wire. The wire has a smaller width than the width of the fiber suspension stream dispensed by the headbox.

Abstract: In a belt pressing unit, which preferably serves as wet press of a paper machine, an elastic tubular press belt travels around a supporting body and, together with a back roll, forms an extended press zone. Beyond the press zone along the path of the press belt, liquid is fed to the inner side of the press belt in order to cool the press belt. This liquid is permitted to travel, together with the press belt, around the supporting body. Most of the liquid is then removed from the press belt, preferably at a position in front of the press zone. The liquid may then be cooled and fed back to the press belt. In addition, liquid may also be fed to the inner side of the press belt where the press belt enters the press zone, for cooling and lubricating a pressing surface of a press shoe which presses the press belt toward the back roll.

Abstract: A drying cylinder adapted to receive steam therein includes a cylindrical cylinder jacket and two end covers. There is a flange connection between the jacket and the covers. The jacket has a rectangular cross-section flange. The covers have an L-shaped flange which receives the end flange of the cover. The covers are concave to the outside of the cylinder. The point of intersection of a curved line through the cover and of the axial center line of the axial arm of the cover flange lies at a distance from the outer face of the flange of the end cover that is at most about 60% of the axial length of the axial arm of that flange. There is thermal insulation on the axially exterior side of each cover.

Abstract: A press for applying pressure to a moving web of fiber material to squeeze water from the web by means of auxiliary belts and comprising a pressure roll, pressure shoes mounted on the periphery of a rotary carrier in circumferentially spaced relation to each other, and a pressure belt extending about the carrier and shoes. The carrier is rotated by a motor to bring any one of the shoes into an operative position adjacent the pressure roll.

Abstract: A roll for pressure treatment of paper webs has a stationary shaft which is spacedly surrounded by the concave cylindrical internal surface of a rotary sleeve. The shaft carries a row of pressure shoes which define therewith plenum chambers for a hydraulic fluid serving to urge the convex cylindrical external surfaces of the shoes toward the internal surface of the sleeve. Each external surface has a centrally located primary hydrostatic bearing pocket which communicates with the respective plenum chamber and a set of four auxiliary hydrostatic bearing pockets which surround the respective primary pocket and receive only that hydraulic fluid which overflows the lands between the primary pocket and the auxiliary pockets. The pockets in each external surface are surrounded by a marginal portion of such surface and the primary pocket has arms which extend to the marginal portion and each of which is flanked by a pair of auxiliary pockets.

Abstract: A press roller, with adjustable bending characteristics, has a hollow roller shell which rotates around a fixed yoke. The shell is supported at each end by a self-aligning bearing. The press roller forms a pressure nip with a counter roller. Along this pressure nip, there is a semi-circular main pressure chamber arranged between the yoke and the roller shell, the length of which is equal to the length of the pressure nip. Adjoining this main pressure chamber there are provided at each end of the roller shell, a respective semi-circular additional pressure chamber. With a view to the bending characteristics of the yoke in the operation of the press roller, the axial and circumferential seals defining each additional pressure chamber are arranged on a respective annular shaped seal support. The latter support is supported by studs so that it may tilt on the yoke and shift axially with respect to the yoke.

Abstract: A press roll with adjustable flexion has a roll shell mounted to rotate around a fixed yoke and mounted with self-aligning bearings on a support cap in which the yoke is also supported on its own curved support. The press roll works in conjunction with a mating roll to form a press zone, near which there is a main hydraulic support that is positioned between the yoke and the shell and that transfers support forces from the yoke to the shell. The distance between the bearings of the shell is equal to that of the mating roll. The self-aligning bearing and the curved yoke support are mounted concentrically on a tubular collar of the support cap. There can also be supplemental supports outside the press zone for imposing additional flexion on the roll shell.