Abstract: An apparatus for dyeing a textile substrate using a plurality of applicators that each apply an increment of a total dye application. In one form a reduced indigo dye in a leuco-state is applied in an inert atmosphere substantially isolated from oxidizing substances. In another form the foamed dye is applied while open to the atmosphere. In both forms holddown rollers or inverted applicators are located between applicators at decreasing depths to minimize increases in tension as the substrate travels over successive applicator faces.

Abstract: A device for exchanging heat is disclosed herein. This device may be used in motor vehicle air-conditioning installations which include at least one distribution or collection chamber for a fluid, at least one flow device which is provided with at least one first flow connection section on the end thereof, and at least one second flow connection section on the end thereof, the first flow connection section being connected to the second flow connection section by means of at least one pipe section. At least one of the flow connection sections may be twisted at least once, one flow connection section may be connected to the collection chamber, and the other flow connection section may be connected to the distribution chamber.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a heat exchanger (1), in particular for a motor vehicle. The invention is characterised in that a sub-assembly consisting or the two connection pipes (4) that supply or evacuate the coolant and at least the upper panel (3) or surface of the heat exchanger (1), which contains the openings associated with the connection pipes (4), are positioned, mechanically pre-assembled and then, together with the remaining heat exchanger (1) parts to be soldered, are soldered in a common work operation. The invention also relates to a heat exchanger (1) that is produced according to said method.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for the exchange of heat, in particular, for a motor vehicle, comprising a number of flow tubes for the transport of a fluid, whereby the device has a given depth (T) and, at least in sections, some flow tubes are arranged at a given separation from each other, whereby the depth and the given separation are in a ratio (V) to each other.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for exchanging heat, particularly for use in motor vehicle air-conditioning systems, comprising at least one coolant, at least one coolant inlet (3), and at least one coolant outlet (4), which lead into at least one head pipe (7, 8, 9), whereby the head pipe (7, 8, 9) is divided into at least one inlet section (41?) and into at least one outlet section (42?) by at least one separating element (49). The device for exchanging heat comprises at least one flow-through element (19), which has at least two flow paths situated at least partially parallel to one another, and at least one cross-distributor (10?, 10?, 11?, 11?, 12) via which the flow paths of the flow-through element (19) are fluid-connected so that the inlet section is fluid-connected to the outlet section of the head pipe (7, 8, 9).

Abstract: The invention relates to a device which is used to replace heat, in particular for a motor vehicle, comprising at least one first collecting and/or distribution device for at least one fluidic medium. The collecting and/or distribution device is fluidically connected to a plurality of through-flow devices, through which the medium flows at least in parts and the collecting and/or distribution device comprises at least one base device, a covering device and a separating device, which divides the collecting and/or distribution device into at least two partial areas. The base device comprises at least one projection which protrudes in an inward manner from a predetermined plane of the base device in relation to the collecting and/or distribution device and at least one section of the separating device is in contact with at least one lateral side of the projection, and at least one section of the plane of the base device is in indirect contact.

Abstract: The invention relates to a heat exchanger (1), in particular for a motor vehicle, comprising a heat exchange assembly with a primary side, through which a first medium flows and a secondary side, through which a second medium flows and a housing sleeve with an inlet and an outlet for a second medium.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of refrigerant level monitoring in a refrigerant circuit of an air-conditioning or heat-pump system having a compressor and a refrigerant which may, depending on the operating point, be operated in the supercritical range. The method includes standstill level monitoring with the compressor switched off and/or in-operation level monitoring with the compressor switched on. In the case of in-operation level monitoring, the refrigerant overheat (dTü) at the evaporator is registered and, in the event of excessive overheat, it is concluded that there is underfilling. At a standstill, the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant are registered, and it is concluded that there is an improper refrigerant filling level if the pressure (pKM) lies below a minimum pressure value (pmin) or the temperature (TKM) lies above a maximum saturation temperature value (TS) with the pressure being outside a predefinable intended pressure range ([pu,po]).

Abstract: The invention related to a flat tube (1) comprising a return bend section (3), inside of which the flat tube (1) is bent back in such a manner that both planar tube sections (2a, 2b) thereof, which are connect to the return bend section, extend in a longitudinal direction with opposite flow-through directions (4a, 4b) and with longitudinal axes (5a, 5b) that are offset with regard to one another at least in the transverse direction (y). The invention provides that the return bend section (3) is formed in such a manner that a main bending axis (A) extends parallel to the flat tube to be plane and at a predeterminable angle to the tube longitudinal extension, whereby the flat tube plane is determined by the longitudinal and width extension of the flat tube (1).

Abstract: The invention relates to a heat exchanger used, in particular for motor vehicle air-conditioning systems with a liquid coolant. In a preferred variant, the used coolant is embodied in the form of carbon dioxide. The inventive heat exchanger comprises at least one supply duct, an exhaust line, two heat-exchanging units which are provided with at least one distribution space and one accumulating space and at least one circulating system. Each heat-exchanging unit is provided with at least one dividing system for dividing at least one distribution space or one accumulating space into two partial spaces. Said heat exchanger also comprises a flow actuating system connecting the heat-exchanging units to each other. The flow cross sections or the totality thereof arranged before and after said flow actuating device have a predetermined ratio therebetween.

Abstract: The invention relates to a collector tube (1) for a heat transfer unit. The tube comprises one or several slits (3d) on the periphery thereof, whereby said slits are formed by a punch press without an inner die or by high-pressure shaping for inserting a respective flat tube. The invention also relates to a method for producing said collector tube (1). According to the invention, a collector tube (1) is provided with an outer radius (D/2) to tube wall thickness (s) ratio of less than 5. The slits (3d) are introduced preferably parallel to, or at an acute 2 angle to the longitudinal axis of the tube. The collection tube can be produced by bending a flat material and subsequently sealing the longitudinal slits arising from the bending process by soldering or welding. Said collector tube can be used, e.g. for gas coolers and evaporators for CO2 air conditioning systems in motor vehicles.

Abstract: The aim of the invention is to provide a light and especially simple heat exchanger comprising a number of parallel, interspaced flat tubes. To this end, the flat tubes (2) can be supplied with a fluid (F) via at least one end (8) by means of a manifold (6), said flat tubes (2) being arranged in the manifold (6) in an at least partially positively locking manner.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for exchanging heat, especially for using in motor vehicle air-conditioning installations comprising at least one distribution or collection chamber for a fluid, at least one flow device which is provided with at least one first flow connection section on the end thereof, and at least one second flow connection section on the end thereof, the first flow connection section being connected to the second flow connection section by means of at least one pipe section. According to the invention, at least one of the flow connection sections is twisted at least once, one flow connection section is connected to the collection chamber, and the other flow connection section is connected to the distribution chamber.

Abstract: A safety device limits the pressure in an axial-piston compressor with variable piston displacement. The compressor has as wobble plate or swash plate whose tilt angle can be variably controlled by the pressure differential between the high pressure in the discharge pressure zone and the pressure in the piston-drive chamber. The safety device consists of a valve arranged in a connector channel between the discharge pressure zone and the pressure zone of the piston-drive chamber. When the discharge pressure exceeds a given pressure limit, the safety device responds by allowing an increased flow of pressure medium from the discharge pressure zone to the piston-drive chamber. The influx of pressure medium into the piston-drive chamber causes a reduction of the tilt angle of the swash plate or wobble plate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a heat carrier comprising at least one collector pipe (1) for receiving the ends of flat pipes (10a), especially for a CO2 air conditioning unit for motor vehicles. The collector pipe (1) is formed by an open hollow profiled section (7) with edges (8, 9) forming a continuous longitudinal slit extending in a longitudinal direction and the ends of the flat pipes (10a), which are twisted at an angle of 90°, are received in a fluidically tight manner in the longitudinal slot. According to the invention, the edges (8,9) partially abut, forming a separating joint (4) and are partially rolled back, forming receiving openings for the ends of the flat pipes (10a). The receiving openings are produced by plastic deformation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a heat exchange comprising tubes (2,3) that can be flown through along a number of hydraulically parallel flow paths (2c, 2d) that are comprised of sections.

Abstract: The invention relates to a heat exchanger comprising tubes (1) and at least one end piece, which has a tube bottom that, in turn, has a bottom plate (8), a baffle plate (12) and a covering plate (16).

Abstract: An air conditioning system has a refrigerant cycle, a coolant cycle, a refrigerant/coolant heat exchanger, coupling these cycles so as to transfer heat, and a valve for operating mode-dependent control of the refrigerant flow, whereby the air conditioning system can be operated not only in air conditioning mode but also in a heat pump or reheat mode. An internal combustion engine exhaust gas/coolant heat exchanger is connected upstream in series to the refrigerant/coolant heat exchanger in the coolant cycle in the heat pump mode; and/or in the reheat operating mode the refrigerant/coolant heat exchanger functions as a condenser/gas cooler, connected upstream in series on the coolant side to the supply air/coolant heat exchanger. In addition or as an alternative, a drying operating mode can be provided for drying the supply air/refrigerant heat exchanger with reversed air conveying direction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for exchanging heat, particularly for use in motor-vehicle air-conditioning systems, comprising at least one coolant, at least one collant inlet (3), and at least one coolant outlet (4), which lead into one head pipe (7, 8, 9), whereby the head pipe (7, 8, 9) is divided into at least one inlet section (41?) and into at least one outlet section (42?) by at least one separating element (40). The device for exchanging heat comprises at least one flow-through element (19), which has at least two flow paths situated at least partially parallel to one another, and at least one cross-distrubitor (10?, 10?, 11?, 11?, 12) via which the flow paths of the flow-through element (19) are fluid-connected so that the inlet section is fluid-connected to the outlet section of the head pipe (7, 8, 9).

Abstract: The invention relates to a heat exchanger, particularly a radiator for a heating or air conditioning unit in motor vehicles, which cools a coolant. Said heat exchanger (1) is penetrated by air, comprises collector pipes (S1, S2, S2, S4) and several essentially horizontally disposed pipes (5), and is divided into several partial blocks (T1, T2, T3, T4). The surfaces of the inventive partial blocks are selected according to the dimensions of structural space-related zones having different air temperatures inside the assembly space of the heat exchanger, the partial block which is first penetrated by the coolant being arranged within a structural space-related zone having a higher air temperature, preferably within the zone having the highest air temperature.