Abstract: An ion exchange chromatographic packing material is described that includes support resin particles and a copolymer grafted to the support resin particles. The copolymer includes polymerized functional monomers such as a first ion exchange group monomer and a second ion exchange group monomer. At a first pH, the first ion exchange group monomer is configured to have a first charge at a first pH, and the second ion exchange group monomer is configured to have a net neutral charge. At a second pH, the first ion exchange group monomer is configured to have the first charge at a second pH, and the second ion exchange group monomer is configured to have a second charge at the second pH where the first charge and second charge both have a same polarity.

Abstract: An ion exchange chromatographic packing material is described that includes support resin particles and a copolymer grafted to the support resin particles. The copolymer includes polymerized functional monomers such as a first ion exchange group monomer and a second ion exchange group monomer. At a first pH, the first ion exchange group monomer is configured to have a first charge at a first pH, and the second ion exchange group monomer is configured to have a net neutral charge. At a second pH, the first ion exchange group monomer is configured to have the first charge at a second pH, and the second ion exchange group monomer is configured to have a second charge at the second pH where the first charge and second charge both have a same polarity.

Abstract: An input/output module is provided for a bus system having a socket, the five contact cups of which each may comprise an electrical contact, and a measuring device for detecting a connector of a four-wire data cable. The measuring device can be configured to detect, when a connector is inserted into the socket, whether the connector comprises four or five electrical contact pins which are each plugged into one of the contact cups and are electrically connected to the respective electrical contact of the contact cups. The measuring device may be configured to close a first and a second switching device only when five electrical contact pins are detected in order to apply a respective supply voltage from two DC voltage supplies to the corresponding plugged contact pins of the connector plugged into the socket via the respective electrical contacts of the contact cups.

Abstract: An automated method of calibrating a chromatography system and analyzing a sample is described. The method includes forming diluted standard solutions that are injected into a chromatography column. The detected peaks can be identified based on a first predetermined calibration ratio associated with the standard solution. Once the chromatography system is calibrated, samples can be chromatographically analyzed where the measured peaks are identified and quantified in an automated manner.

Abstract: A vial cap for removing a matrix component from a liquid sample is described. The vial cap includes a cap body, an inlet portion, and an outlet portion. The cap body is configured to have a slidable gas and liquid seal with a side wall of a sample vial. The inlet portion includes a counterbore section that holds a filter plug. The filter plug includes a polyethylene resin and a material selected from the group consisting of an ion exchange material and a reversed-phase material. The vial cap is adapted for solid phase extraction for use in an autosampler with a plurality of sample vials.

Abstract: A microcontroller unit of an input/output module checks whether a communication connection can be set up from the microcontroller unit to a communication subscriber of a data cable plugged into the one portion of a electrical plug connection of the input/output module, wherein the microcontroller unit of the input/output module actuates DC voltage supplies of the input/output module such that the DC voltage supplies apply a respective DC voltage to applicable electrical contacts of electrical contact elements of the input/output module only if the check has revealed that a communication connection has been able to be set up to the communication subscriber of the data cable.

Abstract: A fieldbus system comprises a switching device, a control device and a fieldbus module connected to a first electrical supply voltage, wherein a value of the first electrical supply voltage is ascertained and transmitted to a control device by the fieldbus module, wherein the ascertained value of the first electrical supply voltage is compared with a predetermined value of the first electrical supply voltage by the control device, wherein, if the value of the first electrical supply voltage that is transmitted to the control device is not concordant with the predetermined value of the first electrical supply voltage, shutdown of a second electrical supply voltage by the switching device is initiated by the control device.

Abstract: A bus system comprises a feed module, a load module and a data cable connecting the feed module to the load module. A fuse is provided in an energy path and/or respectively in an energy/data transmission path between a feed module and a load module.

Abstract: An anion exchange stationary phase includes a negatively charged substrate particle, a base condensation polymer layer, a crosslinked ethanolamine condensation polymer, and a glycidol condensation layer. The crosslinked ethanolamine condensation polymer layer can be covalently attached to the base condensation polymer layer. The crosslinked ethanolamine condensation polymer layer can be formed by a condensation reaction product of a polyepoxide compound and ethanolamine. The glycidol condensation layer can be formed by the treatment of glycidol. The anion exchange stationary phase are suitable for separating a variety of haloacetic acids and common inorganic anions in a single chromatographic run in less than 20 to 35 minutes.

Abstract: An anion exchange for separating a plurality of carbohydrates includes a negatively charged substrate particle. A base polymer layer includes a first plurality of quaternary amines. The polyalkylpolyamine polymer layer is covalently attached to the base condensation polymer layer. The polyalkylpolyamine polymer layer includes a polymeric branch structure that includes a second plurality of quaternary amines. A density of the second plurality of quaternary amines increases in a direction away from the base condensation polymer layer. The anion exchange stationary phase does not have a hydroxy group spaced apart from any one of the first or the second plurality of quaternary amines by an ethyl group.

Abstract: A vial cap for removing a matrix component from a liquid sample is described. The vial cap includes a cap body, an inlet portion, and an outlet portion. The cap body is configured to have a slidable gas and liquid seal with a side wall of a sample vial. The inlet portion includes a counterbore section that holds a filter plug. The filter plug includes a polyethylene resin and a material selected from the group consisting of an ion exchange material and a reversed-phase material. The vial cap is adapted for solid phase extraction for use in an autosampler with a plurality of sample vials.

Abstract: A chromatographic media for separating bio-polymers, the chromatographic media having cationic exchange properties and anionic exchange properties, the chromatographic media comprising: (a) non-porous substrate particles including an organic polymer, the substrate particles having a neutral hydrophilic layer at a surface of the non-porous substrate particles, in which the neutral hydrophilic layer is configured to reduce a binding of the bio-polymers directly to the non-porous substrate particles compared to a binding of the bio-polymer to the non-porous substrate particles without the neutral hydrophilic layer; (b) a charged first ion exchange layer bound to the substrate particles on top of the hydrophilic layer, the first ion exchange layer comprising first ion exchange groups; and (c) a charged second ion exchange layer bound to the substrate particles on top of the first ion exchange layer.

Abstract: A bus system comprises a data line having a first channel with a first pair of wires and a second channel with a second pair of wires. The first channel connects a physical feed module interface to a physical consumer module interface and a first DC voltage source to a first consumer module DC voltage consumer, to transmit a first differential data signal between the feed module interface and the consumer module interface and a first direct current from the first DC voltage source to the first consumer module DC voltage consumer. The second channel connects the feed module interface to the consumer module interface and a second DC voltage source to a second consumer module DC voltage consumer, to transmit a second differential data signal between the feed module interface and the consumer module interface and a second direct current from the second DC voltage source to the second consumer module DC voltage consumer.

Abstract: The invention refers to a method and a communication system for transmitting in either direction data between any two devices in a client layer and/or a transport layer of a communication system. The data transmission is performed according to the transport control protocol, referred to hereinafter as TCP. In order to achieve a high data transmission rate it is suggested that central storage means (12) for buffering the data to be transmitted and a TCP protocol operation block (10) are provided within the communication system, wherein the TCP protocol operation block (10) handles references on the transported data stored in the storage means (12) instead of the data itself. The invention also refers to an embedded acquisition device (1) located between the two devices of the communication system, between which the data is to be transmitted. The acquisition device (1) comprises means adapted for performing the method according to the present invention.

Abstract: An anion exchange stationary phase includes a negatively charged substrate particle, a base condensation polymer layer, a crosslinked ethanolamine condensation polymer, and a glycidol condensation layer. The crosslinked ethanolamine condensation polymer layer can be covalently attached to the base condensation polymer layer. The crosslinked ethanolamine condensation polymer layer can be formed by a condensation reaction product of a polyepoxide compound and ethanolamine. The glycidol condensation layer can be formed by the treatment of glycidol. The anion exchange stationary phase are suitable for separating a variety of haloacetic acids and common inorganic anions in a single chromatographic run in less than 20 to 30 minutes.

Abstract: A carrier for adsorption a compound, comprising a support; and a shrink-fitted monolithic body attached to and surrounding at least a portion of the support. The monolithic body can be porous and configured to bind compounds in a solution either for the isolation or depletion of the compounds from the solution.

Abstract: An ion exchange chromatographic packing material is described that includes a copolymer grafted to support resin particles. The copolymer includes an ion exchange group, an ionic crosslinking group configured to ionically bind to the ion exchange group, and an adjustable ionization state group having at least a first net charge at the first pH and a second net charge at the second pH. An overall first net charge of the chromatographic packing material at the first pH is opposite in polarity to the overall second net charge of the chromatographic packing material. This allows impurities to be removed from the chromatographic packing material at the second pH.

Abstract: A particulate material for chromatographic use comprising silica particles is provided having a skeleton structure containing silsesquioxane cage moieties. The material is useful as a chromatographic material, for example in HPLC. The silica particles may be hybrid organo-silica particles wherein the silsesquioxane moieties comprise a cage structure having silicon atoms positioned at corners of the cage wherein one or more silicon atoms positioned at the corners of the cage carry an organic group. A preferred method of preparing the particulate material comprises hydrolysing a silsesquioxane as a co-component of a hydrolysis mixture, especially in a Stöber or modified Stöber process.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for range extension for a combined data and power line are provided. Further, a bus system is provided. The design is based on a supply voltage that is transmitted via the combined data and power line being refreshed by a charge pump. Further, there may be provision, by way of example, for a data signal that is transmitted via the combined data and power line to be refreshed using the likewise transmitted supply voltage.

Abstract: A multi-lumen mixing device is described. The multi-lumen mixing device includes a mixer body having an inlet portion and an outlet portion. The multi-lumen mixing device also includes an array of capillary channels within the mixer body, in which each capillary channel has approximately a same length. An inlet for each of the capillaries is proximate to the inlet portion and an outlet for each of the capillaries is proximate to the outlet portion. The array of capillary channels has at least three different cross-sectional areas.