Abstract: The present invention provides a nanostructured metal oxide material for use as a component of an electrode in a sodium-ion battery. The material comprises a nanostructured titanium oxide film on a metal foil substrate, which can be produced by depositing or forming a nanostructured titanium dioxide material on the substrate, and then, optionally, charging and discharging the material in an electrochemical cell to improve the capacity and Coulombic efficiency thereof.

Abstract: Methods of making such compounds, powders, and cathode active materials are described. The powders are formed of particles with specific properties: a particle size distribution with a D50 ranging from 10 ?m to 20 ?m, a D10 less than 8 ?m, and a D99 of the particles ranges from 25 ?m to 35 ?m. The final compound is represented by the Formula Li?(Co1-x-y-zMnxMezAly)O?, wherein 0.95<?<1.05, x?1.00, 0<y?0.04, 0<z?0.050, and ??2.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a plurality of particles. Each particle may include a material comprising 0.95 to 1.30 mole fraction Li, at least 0.60 and less than 1.00 mole fraction Co, up to 10,000 ppm Al, 1.90 to 2.10 mole fraction O, and up to 0.30 mole fraction M, where M is at least one element selected from B, Na, Mg, P, Ti, Ca, V, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Al, Sc, Y, Ga, Zr, Ru, Mo, La, Si, Nb, Ge, In, Sn, Sb, Te, and Ce. Each particle may also include a surface composition comprising a mixture of LiF and a metal fluoride. An amount of fluorine (F) is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 5000 ppm. The metal fluoride comprises a material selected from the group consisting of AlF3, CaF2, MgF2, and LaF2. The surface composition may also include a metal oxide comprising a material selected from the group consisting of TiO2, MgO, La2O3, CaO, and Al2O3. An amount of the metal oxide is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 20000 ppm.

Abstract: A cathode active material includes a plurality of cathode active compound particles and a coating disposed over each of the cathode active compound particles. The coating includes a lithium (Li)-ion conducting oxide containing lanthanum (La) and titanium (Ti).

Abstract: Compounds, particles, and cathode active materials that can be used in lithium ion batteries are described herein. Methods of making such compounds, powders, and cathode active materials are described. The particles have a particle size distribution with a D50 ranging from 10 ?m to 20 ?m.

Abstract: A process for charging a discharged electrochemical cell includes applying a voltage bias to the discharged electrochemical cell; and illuminating the cathode, the anode, or both the cathode and the anode with light having a narrow band of wavelengths corresponding to the respective band gaps of the electrode active materials.

Abstract: Lead/lead oxide/carbon (“Pb—O—C”) nanocomposite materials that are useful as electrode active materials for electrodes in lithium and sodium batteries are formed by grinding a mixture of a lead oxide material and a carbon material in a high energy ball mill. A Pb—O—C nanocomposite as described herein comprises Pb and lead oxide nanoparticles homogeneously dispersed in a carbon nanoparticle matrix. In the nanocomposite, other elements (e.g., transition metals, Al, Si, P, Sn, Sb, and Bi) can be alloyed with the Pb nanoparticles, incorporated as a mixed oxide with the lead oxide nanoparticles, or can be present as distinct elemental or oxide nanoparticles within the carbon nanoparticle matrix.

Abstract: A process for charging a discharged electrochemical cell includes applying a voltage bias to the discharged electrochemical cell; and illuminating the cathode with a light source.

Abstract: Compounds, particles, and cathode active materials that include lithium, cobalt, manganese, nickel, aluminum, and other elements can be used in lithium ion batteries. The cathode active materials include compounds having the general Formula (I): compound represented by Formula (I): Li?CO1-x-y-zMewMnxNiyAlzO?, as well as Formula (II): Li?CO1-s-u-vMesMntNiuAlyO?.

Abstract: An anode in an electrochemical cell includes an anode active material comprising sodium and a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer disposed on the anode active material. The SEI layer includes reduction products of an electrolyte solvent and is free of degradation products derived from dissolved anions of an electrolyte salt. The electrolyte solvent and the electrolyte salt are present in an electrolyte of the electrochemical cell. The SEI layer does not include a fluorine content greater than 5 wt. %.

Abstract: Compounds, powders, and cathode active materials that can be used in lithium ion batteries are described herein. Methods of making such compounds, powders, and cathode active materials are described.

Abstract: A cathode active material includes a plurality of cathode active compound particles and a coating disposed over each of the cathode active compound particles. The coating includes a lithium (Li)-ion conducting oxide containing lanthanum (La) and titanium (Ti).

Abstract: A process for charging a discharged electrochemical cell includes applying a voltage bias to the discharged electrochemical cell; and illuminating the cathode with a light source.

Abstract: Compounds, particles, and cathode active materials that can be used in lithium ion batteries are described herein. Methods of making such compounds, powders, and cathode active materials are described.

Abstract: A cathode active material includes a plurality of cathode active compound particles and a coating disposed over each of the cathode active compound particles. The coating includes a lithium (Li)-ion conducting oxide containing lanthanum (La) and titanium (Ti).

Abstract: Cathode active materials are provided. The cathode active material can include a plurality of cathode active compound particles. A coating is disposed over each of the cathode active compound particles. The coating can include at least one of ZrO2, La2O3, a mixture of Al2O3 and ZrO2 or a mixture of Al2O3 and La2O3. The battery cells that include the cathode active material are also provided.

Abstract: Cathode active materials are provided. The cathode active material can include a plurality of cathode active compound particles. A coating is disposed over each of the cathode active compound particles. The coating can include at least one of ZrO2, La2O3, a mixture of Al2O3 and ZrO2 or a mixture of Al2O3 and La2O3. The battery cells that include the cathode active material are also provided.

Abstract: A process for charging a discharged electrochemical cell includes applying a voltage bias to the discharged electrochemical cell; and illuminating the cathode with a light source.

Abstract: Lead/lead oxide/carbon (“Pb—O—C”) nanocomposite materials that are useful as electrode active materials for electrodes in lithium and sodium batteries are formed by grinding a mixture of a lead oxide material and a carbon material in a high energy ball mill. A Pb—O—C nanocomposite as described herein comprises Pb and lead oxide nanoparticles homogeneously dispersed in a carbon nanoparticle matrix. In the nanocomposite, other elements (e.g., transition metals, Al, Si, P, Sn, Sb, and Bi) can be alloyed with the Pb nanoparticles, incorporated as a mixed oxide with the lead oxide nanoparticles, or can be present as distinct elemental or oxide nanoparticles within the carbon nanoparticle matrix.

Abstract: Lead/lead oxide/carbon (“Pb—O—C”) nanocomposite materials are useful as electrode active materials for electrodes in lithium and sodium batteries. A Pb—O—C nanocomposite as described herein comprises Pb and lead oxide nanoparticles homogeneously dispersed in a carbon nanoparticle matrix. In the nanocomposite, the other element or elements (e.g., transition metals, Al, Si, P, Sn, Sb, and Bi) can be alloyed with the Pb nanoparticles, incorporated as a mixed oxide with the lead oxide nanoparticles, or can be present as distinct elemental or oxide nanoparticles within the carbon nanoparticle matrix. In some embodiments, the additional element or elements are present as alloys and mixed oxides with the Pb materials and as distinct elemental and/or oxide nanoparticles. In a preferred embodiment the Pb nanoparticles surface is oxidized to lead oxide thus creating a shell on core nanostructure.