Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and a method for mixing and/or mulling a sample, the apparatus comprising at least one container made of a flexible material and containing a sample, means for holding the container, and means for impacting the container, wherein the means for holding and the means for impacting are movable relative to each other, and wherein the means for holding, the means for impacting, and the container are arranged such that the means for impacting and the container can repeatedly collide, whereby an energy of collision can be imparted to the sample, thereby mixing and/or mulling the sample. Also disclosed is an assembly for performing high throughput experiments including the apparatus for mixing and/or mulling a sample and an extruder configured to receive a sample weighing less than 100 grams.

Abstract: Integrated methods and systems are disclosed for the production of dimethyl ether. The method may include reforming natural gas to syngas in a first reactor; contacting the syngas produced in the first reactor with a catalyst system in a second reactor to produce dimethyl ether and carbon dioxide; and supplying steam as a cofeed to at least one of the first reactor and the second reactor in an amount sufficient to achieve a Mm value of 1.4 to 1.8 or to improve the hydrocarbon or oxygenate selectivity.

Abstract: Methods and catalysts are provided for performing dewaxing of diesel boiling range fractions, such as trim dewaxing, that allow for production of diesel boiling range fuels with improved cold flow properties at desirable yields. In some aspects, the methods can include use of dewaxing catalysts based on an MEL framework structure (ZSM-11) to provide improved dewaxing activity. This can provide sufficient dewaxing activity to achieve a desired level of improvement in cold flow properties at the lower hydrotreating temperatures that are generally desired near the start of operation of a hydrotreating reactor. In other aspects, the methods can include use of MEL dewaxing catalysts with reduced ratios of molecular sieve to binder so that trim dewaxing can be provided while maintaining a desirable yield under end-of-run hydrotreating conditions.

Abstract: A method of producing a hydrogenation catalyst, for example, a phthalate hydrogenation catalyst, comprising contacting a silica support having a medium pore size of at least about 10 nm with an acid to produce a treated silica support, and depositing a noble metal, preferably ruthenium, on the treated silica support to produce a noble metal-containing silica support, and optionally contacting the noble metal-containing silica support with a chelating agent to form the hydrogenation catalyst; a hydrogenation catalyst prepared by that method; and a method of hydrogenating unsaturated hydrocarbons, such as, phthalates, in which an unsaturated hydrocarbon is contacted with hydrogen gas in the presence of the hydrogenation catalyst of the invention.

Abstract: A method of preparing a hydrogenation catalyst, for example, a phthalate hydrogenation catalyst, comprising contacting a silica support having a median pore size of at least about 10 nm with a silylating agent to form an at least partially coated silica support, calcining said coated silica support to form a treated silica support, and depositing a noble metal, preferably ruthenium, on the treated silica support, and optionally contacting the treated silica support with an optional chelating agent to form the hydrogenation catalyst; a hydrogenation catalyst prepared by that method; and a method of hydrogenating unsaturated hydrocarbons, such as phthalates, in which an unsaturated hydrocarbon is contacted with hydrogen gas in the presence of the hydrogenation catalyst of the invention.

Abstract: Methods for regenerating and/or rejuvenating catalysts, particularly dewaxing catalysts, as well as methods for performing dewaxing of diesel or distillate boiling range feeds with the regenerated and/or rejuvenated catalyst are provided herein. The regeneration and/or rejuvenation methods can include calcining spent catalyst followed by contacting the calcined catalyst with a solution comprising a complexing agent, which can restore hydrotreatment (HDT) activity and dewaxing activity of the spent catalyst such that it may be reused during hydroprocessing.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the conversion of acyclic C5 feedstock to a product comprising cyclic C5 compounds, including cyclopentadiene, and formulated catalyst compositions for use in such process. The process comprises contacting the feedstock and, optionally, hydrogen under acyclic C5 conversion conditions in the presence of a catalyst composition to form the product. The catalyst composition comprises a microporous crystalline metallosilicate, a Group 10 metal or compound thereof, a binder, optionally, a metal selected from the group consisting of rare earth metals, metals of Groups 8, 9, or 11, mixtures or combinations thereof, or a compound thereof, in combination with a Group 1 alkali metal or a compound thereof and/or a Group 2 alkaline earth metal or a compound thereof.

Abstract: Methods, catalysts, and corresponding catalyst precursors are provided for performing dewaxing of diesel or distillate boiling range fractions. The dewaxing methods, catalysts, and/or catalyst precursors can allow for production of diesel boiling range fuels with improved cold flow properties at desirable yields. The catalysts and/or catalyst precursors can correspond to supported metal catalysts and/or catalyst precursors that include at least one noble metal, such as Pt, at least one Group 8-10 base metal, preferably a non-noble Group 8-10 base metal, such as Ni and/or Co along with a Group 6 metal, such as Mo and/or W as supported metals along. The support can include a zeolitic framework structure. The catalyst precursors can be formed, for example, by impregnating a support including a zeolitic framework structure with impregnation solution(s) that also includes a dispersion agent.

Abstract: A method of producing a hydrogenation catalyst, for example, a phthalate hydrogenation catalyst, comprising contacting a silica support having a medium pore size of at least about 10 nm with an acid to produce a treated silica support, and depositing a noble metal, preferably ruthenium, on the treated silica support to produce a noble metal-containing silica support, and optionally contacting the noble metal-containing silica support with a chelating agent to form the hydrogenation catalyst; a hydrogenation catalyst prepared by that method; and a method of hydrogenating unsaturated hydrocarbons, such as, phthalates, in which an unsaturated hydrocarbon is contacted with hydrogen gas in the presence of the hydrogenation catalyst of the invention.

Abstract: Methods, catalysts, and corresponding catalyst precursors are provided for performing dewaxing of diesel or distillate boiling range fractions. The dewaxing methods, catalysts, and/or catalyst precursors can allow for production of diesel boiling range fuels with improved cold flow properties at desirable yields. The catalysts and/or catalyst precursors can correspond to supported base metal catalysts and/or catalyst precursors that include at least two Group 8-10 base metals supported on the catalyst, such as a catalyst/catalyst precursor including both Ni and Co as supported metals along with a Group 6 metal (i.e., Mo and/or W). The support can correspond to a support including a zeolitic framework structure. The catalyst precursors can be formed, for example, by impregnating a support including a zeolitic framework structure with an impregnation solution that also includes a dispersion agent.

Abstract: The disclosure generally relates to CCS sorbents, particularly for CO2/H2O displacement desorption process. The sorbent includes an aluminum oxide support and an alkali metal salt impregnated on the support. The support can be prepared by creating and extruding a dough to create an extrudate, which is then drying and calcined to form the support. Calcination temperatures can be between about 120° C. and 500° C., preferably about 200° C. to about 400° C. The sorbents demonstrate improved CO2 loadings and better H2O/CO2 ratios, as well as improved stability. Compositions and methods of making are disclosed.

Abstract: The disclosure generally relates to CCS sorbents, particularly for CO2/H2O displacement desorption process. The sorbent includes an aluminum oxide support and an alkali metal salt impregnated on the support, and a silicon modification of the sorbent to reduce water uptake by the sorbent and make it more hydrophobic. The silicon modification can be an organosilyl moiety added after the initial sorbent is complete, or a silica source added to the aluminum oxide structure, typically via impregnation. The sorbents demonstrate better H2O/CO2 ratios. Compositions and methods of making are disclosed.

Abstract: The disclosure generally relates to CCS sorbents, particularly for CO2/H2O displacement desorption process. The sorbents include an aluminum oxide support that includes two alkali metal salts impregnated on the support. The two alkali metals include a potassium metal salts and a second alkali metal salt which is not potassium. The second metal salt disrupts poisoning effects that degrade sorbent lifetime. The sorbents demonstrate improved CO2 loadings and better H2O/CO2 ratios, as well as improved stability. Compositions and methods of making are disclosed.

Abstract: The disclosure generally relates to CCS sorbents, particularly for CO2/H2O displacement desorption process. The sorbents include an aluminum oxide support that includes alkali metal salts within the support, in the form of pseudo alkali aluminate. The sorbents also include alkali metal salt impregnated on the support. The sorbents demonstrate improved CO2 loadings and better H2O/CO2 ratios, as well as improved stability. Compositions and methods of making are disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a catalyst composition and its use in a process for the conversion of a feedstock containing C8+ aromatic hydrocarbons to produce light aromatic products, comprising benzene, toluene and xylene. The catalyst composition comprises a mordenite zeolite synthesized from TEA or MTEA, optionally at least one first metal of Group 10 of the IUPAC Periodic Table, and optionally at least one second metal of Group 11 to 15 of the IUPAC Periodic Table, wherein said mordenite zeolite has a mesopore surface area of greater than 30 m2/g and said mordenite zeolite comprises agglomerates composed of primary crystallites, wherein said primary crystallites have an average primary crystal size as measured by TEM of less than 80 nm and an aspect ratio of less than 2.

Abstract: A method of preparing a hydrogenation catalyst, for example, a phthalate hydrogenation catalyst, comprising contacting a silica support having a median pore size of at least about 10 nm with a silylating agent to form an at least partially coated silica support, calcining said coated silica support to form a treated silica support, and depositing a noble metal, preferably ruthenium, on the treated silica support, and optionally contacting the treated silica support with an optional chelating agent to form the hydrogenation catalyst; a hydrogenation catalyst prepared by that method; and a method of hydrogenating unsaturated hydrocarbons, such as phthalates, in which an unsaturated hydrocarbon is contacted with hydrogen gas in the presence of the hydrogenation catalyst of the invention.

Abstract: Methods and systems for converting hydrocarbons including exposing a portion of a hydroperoxide-containing feed including tert-butyl hydroperoxide to a solid deperoxidation catalyst under decomposition conditions to form an oxidation effluent comprising tert-butyl alcohol, wherein the solid deperoxidation catalyst comprises a manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieve, are provided herein. Further methods and systems for converting the oxidation effluent to an alkylation product are also provided herein.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and a method for mixing and/or mulling a sample, the apparatus comprising at least one container made of a flexible material and containing a sample, means for holding the container, and means for impacting the container, wherein the means for holding and the means for impacting are movable relative to each other, and wherein the means for holding, the means for impacting, and the container are arranged such that the means for impacting and the container can repeatedly collide, whereby an energy of collision can be imparted to the sample, thereby mixing and/or mulling the sample. Also disclosed is an assembly for performing high throughput experiments including the apparatus for mixing and/or mulling a sample and an extruder configured to receive a sample weighing less than 100 grams.

Abstract: A method of preparing a hydrogenation catalyst, for example, a phthalate hydrogenation catalyst, comprising contacting a silica support having a median pore size of at least about 10 nm with a silylating agent to form an at least partially coated silica support, calcining said coated silica support to form a treated silica support, and depositing a noble metal, preferably ruthenium, on the treated silica support, and optionally contacting the treated silica support with an optional chelating agent to form the hydrogenation catalyst; a hydrogenation catalyst prepared by that method; and a method of hydrogenating unsaturated hydrocarbons, such as phthalates, in which an unsaturated hydrocarbon is contacted with hydrogen gas in the presence of the hydrogenation catalyst of the invention.

Abstract: A method of preparing a hydrogenation catalyst, for example, a phthalate hydrogenation catalyst, comprising nebulizing a liquid containing a noble metal and a chelating agent comprising at least one nitrogen-containing functional group to form a nebulized liquid, and contacting the nebulized liquid with silica particles; a hydrogenation catalyst prepared by that method; and a method of hydrogenating unsaturated hydrocarbons, such as phthalates, in which an unsaturated hydrocarbon is contacted with hydrogen gas in the presence of the hydrogenation catalyst of the invention.