Abstract: Disclosed is a method of monitoring consciousness, the method including sensing at least two brainwave signals, extracting respective phase signals from the sensed brainwave signals, calculating entropy based on a variety in a change in terms of a phase difference between the extracted phase signals, and assessing a state of consciousness based on the calculated entropy.

Abstract: Disclosed are a steel composition and a spring steel comprising the same. The steel composition comprises: an amount of about 0.51 to 0.57% by weight of carbon (C), an amount of about 1.35 to 1.45% by weight of silicon (Si), an amount of about 0.95 to 1.05% by weight of manganese (Mn), an amount of about 0.60 to 0.80% by weight of chromium (Cr), an amount of about 0.25 to 0.35% by weight of copper (Cu), an amount of about 0.05 to 0.15% by weight of vanadium (V), an amount of about 0.25 to 0.35% by weight of nickel (Ni), an amount of about 0.003 to 0.015% by weight of phosphorus (P), an amount of about 0.003 to 0.010% by weight of sulfur (S), and iron (Fe) constituting the remaining balance of the steel composition, all the % by weights are based on the total weight of the steel composition.

Abstract: An ultra-high-strength spring steel for an engine valve spring steel comprises, by weight: 0.5-0.7% of carbon (C), 1.3-2.3% of silicon (Si), 0.6-1.2% of manganese (Mn), 0.6-1.2% of chrome (Cr), 0.1-0.5% of molybdenum (Mo), 0.05-0.8% of nickel (Ni), 0.05-0.5% of vanadium (V), 0.05-0.5% of niobium (Nb), 0.05-0.3% of titanium (Ti), 0.001-0.01% of boron (B), 0.01-0.52% of tungsten (W), 0.3% or less (0% exclusive) of copper (Cu), 0.3% or less (0% exclusive) of aluminum (Al), 0.03% or less (0% exclusive) of nitrogen (N), 0.003% or less (0% exclusive) of oxygen (O), and a remainder of Fe and other inevitable impurities, based on 100% by weight of the ultra-high-strength spring steel.

Abstract: An ultra-high-strength spring steel, for use as a valve spring steel in a vehicle engine, includes 0.5 to 0.7% by weight of C, 1.2 to 1.5% by weight of Si, 0.6 to 1.2% by weight of Mn, 0.6 to 1.2% by weight of Cr, 0.1 to 0.5% by weight of Mo, 0.05 to 0.8% by weight of Ni, 0.05 to 0.5% by weight of V, 0.05 to 0.5% by weight of Nb, 0.05 to 0.3% by weight of Ti, 0.3% or less by weight of Cu (but not 0%), 0.0001 to 0.3% by weight of Al, 0.03% or less by weight of N (but not 0%), 0.0001 to 0.003% by weight of O, and a remainder of Fe and other unavoidable impurities, based on 100% by weight of the ultrahigh-strength spring steel.

Abstract: a coil spring steel which includes: 0.4 to 0.9 wt % of carbon (C); 1.3 to 2.3 wt % of silicon (Si), 0.5 to 1.2 wt % of manganese (Mn); 0.1 to 0.5 wt % of molybdenum (Mo); 0.05 to 0.80 wt % of nickel (Ni); 0.05 to 0.50 wt % of vanadium (V); 0.01 to 0.50 wt % of niobium (Nb); 0.05 to 0.30 wt % of titanium (Ti); 0.6 to 1.2 wt % of chromium (Cr); 0.0001 to 0.3 wt % of aluminum (Al); less than or equal to 0.3 wt % but greater than 0% of copper (Cu); less than or equal to 0.3 wt % but greater than 0% of nitrogen (N); 0.0001 to 0.0030 wt % of oxygen (O); and a balance of iron (Fe) and unavoidable impurities.

Abstract: A steel composition is provided and includes carbon of about 0.5 to 0.7 wt %; silicon of about 1.3 to 2.3 wt %; manganese of about 0.6 to 1.2%; chromium of about 0.6 to 1.2 wt %; molybdenum of about 0.1 to 0.5 wt %; nickel of about 0.05 to 0.8 wt %; vanadium of about 0.05 to 0.5 wt %; niobium of about 0.05 to 0.5 wt %; titanium of about 0.05 to 0.3 wt %; cobalt of about 0.01 to 3 wt %; zirconium of about 0.001 to 0.2 wt %; yttrium of about 0.01 to 1.5 wt %; copper of about 0.3% or less but greater than 0 wt %; aluminum of about 0.3% or less but greater than 0 wt %; nitrogen of about 0.03% or less but greater than 0 wt %; oxygen of about 0.003% or less but greater than 0 wt %. Additionally, a balance iron, based on the total weight is included.

Abstract: Disclosed is a steel composition for hot stamping that comprises carbon (C) in an amount of about 0.22 to about 0.25 wt %, silicon (Si) in an amount of about 0.2 to about 0.3 wt %, manganese (Mn) in an amount of about 1.2 to about 1.4 wt %, titanium (Ti) in an amount of about 0.02 to about 0.05 wt %, chromium (Cr) in an amount of about 0.11 to about 0.2 wt %, boron (B) in an amount of about 0.005 to about 0.01 wt %, zinc (Zr) in an amount of about 0.005 to about 0.02 wt %, niobium (Nb) in an amount of about 0.01 to about 0.05 wt %, tungsten (W) in an amount of about 0.1 to about 0.5 wt %, iron (Fe) constituting the remaining balance of the steel composition, all the wt % based on the total amount of the steel composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a steel composition for bearing having improved fatigue durability and a method of manufacturing the same. The steel composition comprises: an amount of about 0.08 to 1.0 wt % of carbon (C); an amount of about 0.9 to 1.6 wt % of silicon (Si); an amount greater than 0 wt % and of about 0.03 wt % or less of phosphorus (P); an amount greater than 0 wt % and of about 0.01 wt % or less of sulfur (S); an amount of about 0.01 to 0.1 wt % of copper (Cu); an amount of about 0.01 to 0.06 wt % of aluminum (Al); an amount greater than 0 wt % and of about 0.006 wt % or less of nitrogen (N); an amount greater than 0 wt % and of about 0.001 wt % or less of oxygen (O); one or more selected from the group consisting of: an amount of about 0.5 to 1.00 wt % of manganese (Mn), an amount of about 0.1 to 0.6 wt % of nickel (Ni), an amount of about 1.4 to 1.55 wt % of chromium (Cr), an amount of about 0.2 to 0.5 wt % of molybdenum (Mo), and an amount greater than 0 wt % and of about 0.

Abstract: A carburizing alloy steel includes 0.1 to 0.35 wt % of carbon (C), 0.1 to 2 wt % of silicon (Si), 0.1 to 1.5 wt % of manganese (Mn), 0.5 to 1.5 wt % of chromium (Cr), 0.2 to 0.5 wt % of molybdenum (Mo), 0.1 to 0.6 wt % of nickel (Ni), more than 0 wt % and less than or equal to 0.07 wt % of niobium (Nb), more than 0 wt % and less than or equal to 0.5 wt % of vanadium (V), more than 0 wt % and less than or equal to 0.5 wt % of titanium (Ti), more than 0 wt % and less than or equal to 0.015 wt % of nitrogen (N), 0.00002 to 0.00005 wt % of boron (B), based on the total weight of the alloy steel, iron (Fe) as a main component.

Abstract: A carburized alloy steel includes, based on a total weight of the carburized alloy steel, 0.1 to 0.35 wt % carbon, 0.1 to 2.0 wt % silicon, 0.1 to 1.5 wt % manganese, 1.5 to 3.0 wt % chromium, 0.2 to 0.5 wt % molybdenum, greater than 0 to 0.07 wt % niobium, and a balance of iron.

Abstract: A high energy, low temperature cold plasma thin film deposition process, apparatus and products are disclosed. Multi-layer thin film coatings are deposited onto polymeric substrates for ophthalmic and therapeutic applications.

Abstract: A carburized alloy steel including, based on the total weight of the alloy steel, 0.1 to 0.35 wt % of carbon (C), 0.1 to 2 wt % of silicon (Si), 0.1 to 1.5 wt % of manganese (Mn), 3 to 5.5 wt % of chromium (Cr), 0.2 to 0.5 wt % of molybdenum (Mo), more than 0 wt % and 0.07 wt % or less of niobium (Nb), more than 0 wt % and 0.3 wt % or less of vanadium (V), more than 0 wt % and 0.2 wt % or less of titanium (Ti), more than 0 wt % and 0.015 wt % or less of nitrogen (N), 0.002 to 0.005 wt % of boron (B), and a balance of iron (Fe). A method of manufacturing the same is also provided.

Abstract: A bearing steel includes 1.0 to 1.3 wt % carbon; 0.9 to 1.6 wt % silicon; 0.5 to 1.0 wt % manganese; 1.5 to 2.5 wt % nickel; 1.5 to 2.5 wt % chromium; 0.2 to 0.5 wt % molybdenum; 0.01 to 0.06 wt % aluminum; 0.01 to 0.1 wt % copper; at least one selected from the group consisting of more than 0 wt % and less than 0.38 wt % vanadium and more than 0 wt % and less than 0.02 wt % niobium; and a balance of iron.

Abstract: Disclose is an alloy composition for bearing steel having improved fatigue durability and a method of manufacturing the bearing steel comprising the same. The alloy composition comprises: based on a total weight of the alloy composition, an amount of about 0.8 to 1.0 wt % of carbon (C), an amount of about 0.35 to 0.9 wt % of silicon (Si), an amount of about 0.5 to 1.0 wt % of manganese (Mn), an amount of about 0.6 to 1.5 wt % of nickel (Ni), an amount of about 1.2 to 1.55 wt % of chromium (Cr), an amount of about 0.2 to 0.5 wt % of molybdenum (Mo), an amount of about 0.01 to 0.06 wt % of aluminum (Al), an amount of about 0.01 to 0.1 wt % of copper (Cu), and iron (Fe) constituting the balance of the weight of the alloy composition. Preferred alloy composition can provide improved strength, hardness, and fatigue life due to spheroidized carbide complex.

Abstract: An electrode device for measuring a living body is herein disclosed. The electrode device for measuring a living body signal includes a body comprising a handle part and a tongs part, the body elastically moving by an external force, an electrode part comprising needles disposed on inner surfaces of the tongs part to face each other, and a wire part connected to one end of the electrode part for a connection with a measuring device.

Abstract: Disclosed is a body impedance measurement apparatus. The impedance measurement apparatus provides a plurality of electrodes for measuring body impedance, senses electrodes, contacting with a body, from among the plurality of electrodes, and determines the use of the electrodes contacting with the body, depending on the sensing result.

Abstract: Disclosed is a coating material for parts of an engine exhaust system and a method for manufacturing the same. The coating material includes a second junction layer made of CrN or Ti(C)N, a support layer made of TiAlN/CrN disposed on a surface of the second junction layer, and a functional layer made of TiAlN/CrSiN or TiAlN/CrSiCN disposed on a surface of the support layer. The coating material improves abrasion resistance and seizure resistance of the parts of the engine exhaust system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image sensor for a capsule endoscope which enables a dual mode operation, and more particularly, to an image sensor for a capsule endoscope wherein two image sensors identically designed and manufactured for photographing the inside of a human body are used and set as a master and a slave, respectively so as to enable a dual mode operation in which two chips are linkage-operated.

Abstract: Disclosed is a coating material for aluminum die casting and a method for coating the same, the coating material including: a CrN adhesion layer formed on a surface of a base material; a TrAlN/CrN support layer formed on a surface of the CrN adhesion layer; and a TiAl(CrSi)VCN functional layer formed on a surface of the TiAlN/CrN support layer. The present coating material solves the hot stamping and sticking problem of a conventional aluminum die casting mold and the like, enhances thermal resistance, and further has enhanced thermal resistance, high-temperature wear resistance, sticking resistance and thermal impact resistance compared to that of a conventional coating material.

Abstract: Disclosed are a coating layer having excellent low-friction ability at a high temperature and a method of forming the coating layer. The high-temperature low-fiction coating layer may improve heat resistance, fatigue resistance, low-friction ability, and seizure resistance of the turbine wheel of a turbocharger and the parts sliding at a high temperature in the exhaust system of an engine, improve turbo-lag, and improve durability of the high-temperature parts in the exhaust system of an engine.