Abstract: Provided is a ramp signal generating apparatus. The ramp signal generating apparatus includes N (N is a natural number) ramp signal generating cells that are connected in series to each other. Each of the ramp signal generating cells includes a power voltage unit for supplying current source, a latch unit for latching an output voltage of the power voltage unit, and a switch unit for outputting the voltage latched by the latch unit as an output voltage in response to an input signal.

Abstract: A refrigerator may allow the inner space of a storage box to be sealed by a gasket disposed between the shelf and the storage box and adjust humidity of the sealed inner space of the storage box by disposing a moisture-permeable membrane on the shelf. The refrigerator includes a body, a storage compartment arranged in the body, a shelf arranged in the storage compartment and provided with an extension portion, a storage box coupled to a lower portion of the shelf, the storage box being provided with an edge portion, a plurality of rails provided at sidewalls of the storage compartment to guide the storage box, the rails being provided with an inclined portion, a gasket coupled to the extension portion of the shelf to seal an inner space of the storage box, and a moisture-permeable membrane arrange at the shelf.

Abstract: Provided is a single inductor multiple output (SIMO) direct current-to-direct current (DC/DC) converter that may perform DC/DC conversion by transferring, to output nodes, input current that is input and thereby stored in a single inductor. An output selection unit of the SIMO DC/DC converter may select, from output nodes, a first output node to be supplied with current from a driving unit, and provide output voltage of the first output node and reference voltage of the first output node to a hysteresis comparison unit. The hysteresis comparison unit may control on-time and/or inductor peak current by determining whether the output voltage of the first output node is higher than the reference voltage of the first output node by at least a first threshold, and whether the output voltage of the first output voltage is lower than the reference voltage of the first output voltage by at least a second threshold.

Abstract: A method of automatically connecting to a peripheral Bluetooth device and service in a mobile communication terminal having a Bluetooth module is provided. Upon input of a key, it is determined whether the key includes a Bluetooth mode key. If the key includes the Bluetooth mode key, the terminal transitions to a Bluetooth mode. A Bluetooth device or service corresponding to the key as a short key is detected and connected.

Abstract: A circuit board is provided including a core insulation film having a thickness and including a first surface and an opposite second surface, an upper stack structure and a lower stack structure. The upper stack structure has a thickness and has an upper conductive pattern having a thickness and an overlying upper insulation film stacked on the first surface of the core insulation film. The lower stack structure has a thickness and has a lower conductive pattern having a thickness and an overlying lower insulation film stacked on the second surface of the core insulation film. A ratio P of a sum of the thicknesses of the upper conductive pattern and the lower conductive pattern to a sum of the thicknesses of the core insulation film, the upper stack structure and the lower stack structure is in a range from about 0.05 to about 0.2.

Abstract: A package substrate includes a core layer having a core top surface and a core bottom surface, and a build-up layer having a stacked structure in which a plurality of interconnection layers and a plurality of insulating layers are alternately stacked on the core top surface. The core bottom surface includes a board connecting area. A surface of the build-up layer includes a chip mounting area. The core layer includes at least one cavity defined by recess sidewalls extending upward from the core bottom surface and a recessed surface located at a higher level than or the same level as the core top surface, at least one device mounted in the at least one cavity, and through-electrodes electrically connecting the core top surface and the core bottom surface.

Abstract: A refrigerator having an improved structure of a storage box and a shelf thereof so as to achieve increased space utilization of a storage compartment. The storage box may have slide protrusions respectively formed on both of outer side-faces of the storage box at a lower portion thereof to allow the storage box to be slidably retracted in or extended from the storage compartment. The shelf may have a support structure to support food thereon and slide grooves respectively formed above both sides of the support structure, each groove receiving the corresponding slide protrusion of the storage box. When the storage box is mounted on the shelf, food may be put in the inner space of the storage box, whereas when the storage box is dismounted from the shelf, a food storage space may be present on the support structure of the shelf.

Abstract: A refrigerator may allow the inner space of a storage box to be sealed by a gasket disposed between the shelf and the storage box and adjust humidity of the sealed inner space of the storage box by disposing a moisture-permeable membrane on the shelf. The refrigerator includes a body, a storage compartment arranged in the body, a shelf arranged in the storage compartment and provided with an extension portion, a storage box coupled to a lower portion of the shelf, the storage box being provided with an edge portion, a plurality of rails provided at sidewalls of the storage compartment to guide the storage box, the rails being provided with an inclined portion, a gasket coupled to the extension portion of the shelf to seal an inner space of the storage box, and a moisture-permeable membrane arrange at the shelf.

Abstract: A charge pumping apparatus includes a voltage pumping unit for pumping an input voltage, a voltage pumping control unit for controlling the voltage pumping unit according to a comparison result between the input voltage and an input criterion voltage and a comparison result between an output voltage output from the voltage pumping unit and an output criterion voltage, and an optimum power point tracking unit for tracking an optimum power point in the case of detecting that the output voltage decreases lower than the output criterion voltage, and adjusting an input impedance to change the input criterion voltage to a voltage corresponding to the optimum power point, wherein the optimum power point is a power point where an input power according to the input voltage becomes a maximum. Since the optimum power point is tracked by measuring only a voltage without a current sensor, a power loss is small.

Abstract: A semiconductor apparatus includes a power supply changing unit. The power supply changing unit is configured to receive an enable signal and power supply voltage, generate first voltage or second voltage according to the enable signal, change a voltage level of the second voltage according to a level signal, and supply the first voltage or the second voltage as a driving voltage of an internal circuit, wherein the internal circuit receives a first input signal to output a second input signal.

Abstract: A wiring substrate includes a base film, a plurality of first wirings and a plurality of second wirings. The base film has a chip-mounting region configured for mounting a semiconductor chip thereon. The first wirings extend in a first direction from inside the chip-mounting region to outside the chip-mounting region, and include first connection end portions extending in a second direction different from the first direction. The first connection end portions may be formed inside the chip-mounting region and configured to electrically connect to the semiconductor chip. The second wirings extend in the first direction from inside the chip-mounting region to outside the chip-mounting region, and include second connection end portions extending in the opposite direction to the second direction in which the first connection end portions extend, and the second connection end portions may be formed inside the chip-mounting region and configured to electrically connect to the semiconductor chip.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for measuring the temperature of a motor for a hybrid electric vehicle. In preferred embodiments, the method of the present invention can preferably ensure the stability and reliability of motor control by extending the linearity of a temperature sensor attached to the motor within a required measurement range. The present invention preferably provides a method for measuring the temperature of a motor for a hybrid electric vehicle, in which a required measurement range of motor temperature is divided into high and low temperature ranges and a hardware gain circuit is divided into first and second gain blocks such that the first gain block measures the temperature of the high temperature range and the second gain block measures the temperature of the low temperature range.

Abstract: A multi-layer printed circuit board (PCB) and a method for fabricating the same are provided. The multi-layer printed circuit board may include a first film and a first insulation layer. The first film may include a first via therein and the first film may further include a first conductive pattern on an upper surface thereof and the first conductive layer may be electrically connected to the first via. The first insulation layer may be on the upper surface of the first film and the first insulation layer may include a second via therein and a second conductive pattern on an upper surface thereof and the second conductive pattern may be electrically connected to the second via. The second via may be electrically connected to the first conductive pattern.

Abstract: A contents price managing method includes providing contents information including a contents price to a first device; if contents corresponding to the provided contents information is output using the first device, calculating a contents usage fee for the first device based on the contents price and an output length of the contents that is output through the first device. The method may further include updating the contents price based on the output length of the contents; and providing contents information including the updated contents price to a second device.

Abstract: The present invention provides an emergency control apparatus, and method which maintains the power flow between a battery and an inverter and the operation state of an electric vehicle in the event of failure of a bidirectional DC-DC converter connected between the battery as a power source and the inverter for operating a drive motor.

Abstract: A charge pumping apparatus includes a voltage pumping unit for pumping an input voltage, a voltage pumping control unit for controlling the voltage pumping unit according to a comparison result between the input voltage and an input criterion voltage and a comparison result between an output voltage output from the voltage pumping unit and an output criterion voltage, and an optimum power point tracking unit for tracking an optimum power point in the case of detecting that the output voltage decreases lower than the output criterion voltage, and adjusting an input impedance to change the input criterion voltage to a voltage corresponding to the optimum power point, wherein the optimum power point is a power point where an input power according to the input voltage becomes a maximum. Since the optimum power point is tracked by measuring only a voltage without a current sensor, a power loss is small.

Abstract: An electronic device includes first and second interconnections formed on a first surface of a substrate and spaced apart from each other. The electronic device includes a first insulating material layer disposed on the substrate including the first and second interconnections and including a first opening exposing a predetermined region of the first interconnection. The electronic device further includes a first pad filling the first opening and having a greater width than the first opening. The first pad covers at least a part of the second interconnection adjacent to one end of the first interconnection, and the first pad is electrically insulated from the second interconnection by the first insulating material layer.

Abstract: Provided is a single inductor multiple output (SIMO) direct current-to-direct current (DC/DC) converter that may perform DC/DC conversion by transferring, to output nodes, input current that is input and thereby stored in a single inductor. An output selection unit of the SIMO DC/DC converter may select, from output nodes, a first output node to be supplied with current from a driving unit, and provide output voltage of the first output node and reference voltage of the first output node to a hysteresis comparison unit. The hysteresis comparison unit may control on-time and/or inductor peak current by determining whether the output voltage of the first output node is higher than the reference voltage of the first output node by at least a first threshold, and whether the output voltage of the first output voltage is lower than the reference voltage of the first output voltage by at least a second threshold.

Abstract: A semiconductor apparatus includes a power supply changing unit. The power supply changing unit is configured to receive an enable signal and power supply voltage, generate first voltage or second voltage according to the enable signal, change a voltage level of the second voltage according to a level signal, and supply the first voltage or the second voltage as a driving voltage of an internal circuit, wherein the internal circuit receives a first input signal to output a second input signal.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a variable delay circuit comprising a delay circuit that includes a first delay unit and a second delay unit and delays an input signal to generate an output signal; a selection signal generation unit that detects a delay value of the delay circuit and generates a selection signal to select a delay unit for delaying the input signal from the first delay unit and the second delay unit; a first control unit that controls a delay value of the delay unit selected by the selection signal in response to a delay increase/decrease signal; and a second control unit that controls a delay value of the delay unit which is not selected by the selection signal.