Abstract: A method includes forming a first low-dimensional layer over an isolation layer, forming a first insulator over the first low-dimensional layer, forming a second low-dimensional layer over the first insulator, forming a second insulator over the second low-dimensional layer, and patterning the first low-dimensional layer, the first insulator, the second low-dimensional layer, and the second insulator into a protruding fin. Remaining portions of the first low-dimensional layer, the first insulator, the second low-dimensional layer, and the second insulator form a first low-dimensional strip, a first insulator strip, a second low-dimensional strip, and a second insulator strip, respectively. A transistor is then formed based on the protruding fin.

Abstract: A method includes forming a dummy pattern over test region of a substrate; forming an interlayer dielectric (ILD) layer laterally surrounding the dummy pattern; removing the dummy pattern to form an opening; forming a dielectric layer in the opening; performing a first testing process on the dielectric layer; performing an annealing process to the dielectric layer; and performing a second testing process on the annealed dielectric layer.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a negative capacitance structure, a dielectric layer is formed over a substrate. A first metallic layer is formed over the dielectric layer. After the first metallic layer is formed, an annealing operation is performed, followed by a cooling operation. A second metallic layer is formed. After the cooling operation, the dielectric layer becomes a ferroelectric dielectric layer including an orthorhombic crystal phase.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a negative capacitance structure, a dielectric layer is formed over a substrate. A first metallic layer is formed over the dielectric layer. After the first metallic layer is formed, an annealing operation is performed, followed by a cooling operation. A second metallic layer is formed. After the cooling operation, the dielectric layer becomes a ferroelectric dielectric layer including an orthorhombic crystal phase. The first metallic film includes a oriented crystalline layer.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a fin structure extending along a first direction, a channel layer wrapping around a top surface and opposite sidewalls of the fin structure, a gate stack extending across the channel layer along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and a spacer on a top surface of the channel layer and a sidewall of the gate stack when viewed in a cross section taken along the first direction. The channel layer includes a two-dimensional material. The gate stack includes a ferroelectric layer.

Abstract: A capacitor includes a first graphene structure having a first plurality of graphene layers. The capacitor further includes a dielectric layer over the first graphene structure. The capacitor further includes a second graphene structure over the dielectric layer, wherein the second graphene structure has a second plurality of graphene layers.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a gate-all-around field effect transistor, a trench is formed over a substrate. Nano-tube structures are arranged into the trench, each of which includes a carbon nanotube (CNT) having a gate dielectric layer wrapping around the CNT and a gate electrode layer over the gate dielectric layer. An anchor layer is formed in the trench. A part of the anchor layer is removed at a source/drain (S/D) region. The gate electrode layer and the gate dielectric layer are removed at the S/D region, thereby exposing a part of the CNT at the S/D region. An S/D electrode layer is formed on the exposed part of the CNT. A part of the anchor layer is removed at a gate region, thereby exposing a part of the gate electrode layer of the gate structure. A gate contact layer is formed on the exposed part of the gate electrode layer.

Abstract: A negative capacitance device includes a semiconductor layer. An interfacial layer is disposed over the semiconductor layer. An amorphous dielectric layer is disposed over the interfacial layer. A ferroelectric layer is disposed over the amorphous dielectric layer. A metal gate electrode is disposed over the ferroelectric layer. At least one of the following is true: the interfacial layer is doped; the amorphous dielectric layer has a nitridized outer surface; a diffusion-barrier layer is disposed between the amorphous dielectric layer and the ferroelectric layer; or a seed layer is disposed between the amorphous dielectric layer and the ferroelectric layer.

Abstract: In a method for forming an integrated semiconductor device, a first transistor over is formed on a substrate; an inter-layer dielectric (ILD) layer is deposited over the first transistor; a gate conductive layer is deposited over the ILD layer; a gate dielectric layer is deposited over the gate conductive layer; the gate dielectric layer and the gate conductive layer are etched to form a gate stack; and a 2D material layer that has a first portion extending along a top surface and sidewalls of the gate stack and a second portion extending along a top surface of the ILD layer.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a semiconductor device includes forming a fin structure on a substrate, forming a channel layer on a sidewall and a top surface of the fin structure, and forming a gate stack over the channel layer. The channel layer includes a two-dimensional (2D) material. The gate stack includes a ferroelectric layer.

Abstract: A method for testing a semiconductor structure includes forming a dielectric layer over a test region of a substrate. A cap layer is formed over the dielectric layer. The dielectric layer and the cap layer are annealed. The annealed cap layer is removed. A ferroelectricity of the annealed dielectric layer is in-line tested.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a negative capacitance structure, a dielectric layer is formed over a substrate. A first metallic layer is formed over the dielectric layer. After the first metallic layer is formed, an annealing operation is performed, followed by a cooling operation. A second metallic layer is formed. After the cooling operation, the dielectric layer becomes a ferroelectric dielectric layer including an orthorhombic crystal phase. The first metallic film includes a oriented crystalline layer.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a negative capacitance structure, a dielectric layer is formed over a substrate. A first metallic layer is formed over the dielectric layer. After the first metallic layer is formed, an annealing operation is performed, followed by a cooling operation. A second metallic layer is formed. After the cooling operation, the dielectric layer becomes a ferroelectric dielectric layer including an orthorhombic crystal phase.

Abstract: A negative capacitance device includes a semiconductor layer. An interfacial layer is disposed over the semiconductor layer. An amorphous dielectric layer is disposed over the interfacial layer. A ferroelectric layer is disposed over the amorphous dielectric layer. A metal gate electrode is disposed over the ferroelectric layer. At least one of the following is true: the interfacial layer is doped; the amorphous dielectric layer has a nitridized outer surface; a diffusion-barrier layer is disposed between the amorphous dielectric layer and the ferroelectric layer; or a seed layer is disposed between the amorphous dielectric layer and the ferroelectric layer.

Abstract: An integrated semiconductor device includes a first semiconductor device, an ILD layer and a second semiconductor device. The first semiconductor device has a first transistor structure. The ILD layer is over the first semiconductor device and has a thickness in a range substantially from 10 nm to 100 nm. The second semiconductor device is over the ILD layer and has a 2D material layer as a channel layer of a second transistor structure thereof.

Abstract: A serial general purpose input/output system includes a transmitter, a cable, a receiver and a verification unit. The transmitter includes an encoder to perform cyclic redundancy check coding on a data to generate a cyclic redundancy check code for verifying the accuracy of the data, and a first serial general purpose input/output connector coupled to the encoder to transmit the data and the cyclic redundancy check code. The receiver includes a second serial general purpose input/output connector coupled to the first serial general purpose input/output connector by the serial general purpose input/output cable to receive the data and the cyclic redundancy check code from the first serial general purpose input/output connector.

Abstract: A debounce circuit includes a sampling circuit to sample an input signal four times at two adjacent rising edges and two adjacent falling edges of a first clock signal to determine a voltage level of the first output signal, a voltage level of the second output signal, a voltage level of the third output signal and a voltage level of the fourth output signal, and a logic gate for performing an AND operation or an OR operation on the first output signal, the second output signal, the third output signal, and the fourth output signal to output a debounced signal. The first clock signal has at least one of the two adjacent rising edges between the two adjacent falling edges and at least one of the two adjacent falling edges between the two adjacent rising edges.

Abstract: A serial general purpose input/output system includes a transmitter, a cable, a receiver and a verification unit. The transmitter includes an encoder to perform cyclic redundancy check coding on a data to generate a cyclic redundancy check code for verifying the accuracy of the data, and a first serial general purpose input/output connector coupled to the encoder to transmit the data and the cyclic redundancy check code. The receiver includes a second serial general purpose input/output connector coupled to the first serial general purpose input/output connector by the serial general purpose input/output cable to receive the data and the cyclic redundancy check code from the first serial general purpose input/output connector.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a semiconductor device includes forming a fin structure on a substrate, forming a channel layer on a sidewall and a top surface of the fin structure, and forming a gate stack over the channel layer. The channel layer includes a two-dimensional (2D) material. The gate stack includes a ferroelectric layer.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a fin structure extending along a first direction, a channel layer wrapping around a top surface and opposite sidewalls of the fin structure, a gate stack extending across the channel layer along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and a spacer on a top surface of the channel layer and a sidewall of the gate stack when viewed in a cross section taken along the first direction. The channel layer includes a two-dimensional material. The gate stack includes a ferroelectric layer.