Abstract: A circadian lighting apparatus includes a housing, two light sources, and a control logic. The first light source is a blue-enriched light source for stimulating human to a high circadian mode. The second light source is a blue-depleted light source for calming down human to a low circadian mode. The criteria of a good circadian lighting apparatus are identified. When coated with an anti-bacterial photocatalytic coating on the exterior, the circadian lighting apparatus becomes a disinfecting equipment that can kill the airborne bacteria and viruses that make contact to its anti-bacterial photocatalytic coated surface.

Abstract: A photocatalytic device includes one transparent or translucent carrier and at least one photocatalytic film. The carrier is in the form of a sheet with two opposite surface. At least one of the two surfaces of the carrier is at least partially coated with the photocatalytic film. The photocatalytic film is photocatalytic activated by visible light with wavelength>400 nm for providing the antibacterial functionality. In some situation, only the outer surface of the carrier is coated with the photocatalytic film. In other situation, only the inner surface of the carrier is coated with the photocatalytic film. There are situations where both surfaces of the carrier are coated with the photocatalytic film. The carrier has an attaching mechanism for attaching the carrier to the external solid object, and the carrier is attachable to and detachable from the external solid object hands of a user without using a tool.

Abstract: An anti-bacterial photocatalytic apparatus includes one three dimensional object and one photocatalytic film. The three dimensional object is coated at least partially on the surface with the photocatalytic film. The thickness of the three dimension object underneath the photocatalytic film is at least 20 ?m. The transparency of the photocatalytic film is at least 90%, and the thickness of the photocatalytic film is at least 300 nm. Moreover, the photocatalytic film is photocatalytic activated by ambient light with at least 95% of a spectral power distribution (SPD) in the visible light wavelength range greater than 400 nm. When such photocatalytic apparatus is disposed in an indoor environment with normal lighting, the apparatus is photocatalytic activated and can kill the bacteria and the viruses left by people through making contact with the apparatus.

Abstract: A photocatalytic device includes one transparent or translucent carrier and at least one photocatalytic film. The carrier is in the form of a sheet with two opposite surface. At least one of the two surfaces of the carrier is at least partially coated with the photocatalytic film. The photocatalytic film is photocatalytic activated by visible light with wavelength>400 nm for providing the antibacterial functionality. In some situation, only the outer surface of the carrier is coated with the photocatalytic film. In other situation, only the inner surface of the carrier is coated with the photocatalytic film. There are situations where both surfaces of the carrier are coated with the photocatalytic film. The carrier has an attaching mechanism for attaching the carrier to the external solid object, and the carrier is attachable to and detachable from the external solid object hands of a user without using a tool.

Abstract: An anti-bacterial photocatalytic coating apparatus includes a chassis and a container containing an anti-bacterial photocatalytic coating liquid. There is a means mounted on the chassis for applying plasma-based surface activation unto a stationary surface underneath the chassis. There is also a means mounted on the chassis for spraying the anti-bacterial photocatalytic coating liquid on the surface underneath the chassis. A third means mounted on the chassis for shining UV light onto the surface sprayed with the anti-bacterial photocatalytic coating liquid. Optionally, there is a means mounted on the chassis for baking the surface sprayed with the anti-bacterial photocatalytic coating liquid. The plasma-based surface activation may be replaced with the spraying of a non-photocatalytic prime coating. The equivalent anti-bacterial photocatalytic coating processes for coating stationary surface are also introduced.

Abstract: An air filtering apparatus using at least three layers of air-permeable mesh structure is disclosed where at least one layer of air-filtering mesh structure contains an anti-bacterial composite material, and at least one layer of air-permeable mesh structure contains material for absorbing airborne non-microbial particles. The combination of three-layer air-permeable mesh structure is effective against airborne microbial matters and volatile organic compounds. A face mask employing such 3-layer air-permeable fabric is also introduced and can be used for effective protection for a prolonged period of time.

Abstract: An anti-eavesdropping system for mobile phone communication is disclosed, wherein a mobile phone is paired with a Bluetooth headset for voice data encryption and decryption, the Bluetooth headset having a microprocessor unit to perform encryption and decryption of voice data, wherein the Bluetooth headset transmits the encrypted voice data to the mobile phone, and decrypts the voice data from the mobile phone and outputs the decrypted voice data to a speaker.

Abstract: A lighting apparatus that includes at least one light source and at least one transparent or translucent lens, and at least one anti-bacterial composite film. The anti-bacterial composite film that includes photocatalytic particles and nano silver particles is formed on at least a part of the outer surface of the lens. With this anti-bacterial composite film, the lighting apparatus retains its germicidal function when the light source is turned off. Moreover, at least 95% of the spectral power distribution (SPD) of the light source comes from the visible light wavelength range (>400 nm). Artificial light sources such as LED can also be used with the anti-bacterial lighting apparatus.

Abstract: A padlock includes a shell, a shackle, a button and an indicator. The shackle has a long leg, a short leg and an arch section extending between the long and short legs. The short leg is rotatable about the long leg. The button is movable to a blocking position to block the short leg from rotation about the long leg, and to an unblocking position to permit the rotation of the short leg about the long leg. The key-operated lock core is configured to drive the button in one direction to the blocking position and in a reverse direction to the unblocking position. The indicator is movable with respect to the key-operated lock core and the button. The indicator is movable from an original position, toward a first horizontal level that is tangent to the vertex of the arch section of the shackle, to an indicative position outside the shell.

Abstract: A padlock includes a shell, a shackle, a limit knob, an indicator and a lock core. The shell includes an opening in a wall thereof. The shackle includes a long section movably inserted in the shell, and a short section extended from the long section and located out of the shell. The limit knob is partly received in the shell via the opening and includes a button located out of the shell. The indicator is disposed on the limit knob and capable of moving to a predetermined position which is out of the shell. The lock core includes a rotor configured to be driven by a key so as to move the limit knob to a first position where the button of the limit knob keeps the shackle from rotating and a second position where the button of the limit knob allows the shackle to rotate.

Abstract: An omnidirectional lighting device may include a driver base and a plurality of elongated light sources. The driver base may include a driver configured to convert an external alternating-current (AC) power to a direct-current (DC) power and supply the DC power to the plurality of elongated light sources. Each of the plurality of elongated light sources protrudes independently out of a second side of the driver base, and each source is enclosed with a cylindrical lens. The plurality of the cylindrical lenses are aligned in parallel and of the same length. An aggregate lighting angle of the plurality of elongated light source may be 360 degrees.

Abstract: A lighting device may include a driver base and a plurality of elongated light tubes. The driver base may include a driver configured to convert an external alternating-current (AC) power to a direct-current (DC) power and supply the DC power to the plurality of elongated light tubes. A first side of the driver base may have an electric connector connecting to an external AC power source. Each of the plurality of elongated light tubes may protrude independently out of a second side of the driver base. An aggregate lighting angle of the plurality of elongated light tubes may be 360 degrees.

Abstract: An add-on IPS (Indoor Positioning System) controller for an LED lighting device includes a power input port, a power output port, a housing, a control unit in the housing, and at least one data signal receiver in the control unit. A power input of the control unit is connected to the power input port. A power output of the control unit is connected to the power output port. The data signal receiver is configured to receive data from the external data source. The control unit further includes a two-way wireless module configured to send and receive the data between the IPS server and the IPS-enabled end-user device. The control unit is configured to activate and deactivate the power output port to supply output voltage responsive to the data signals.

Abstract: An add-on IPS (Indoor Positioning System) controller for an LED lighting device includes a power input port, a power output port, a housing, a control unit in the housing, and at least one data signal receiver in the control unit. A power input of the control unit is connected to the power input port. A power output of the control unit is connected to the power output port. The data signal receiver is configured to receive data from the external data source. The control unit further includes a two-way wireless module configured to send and receive the data between the IPS server and the IPS-enabled end-user device. The control unit is configured to activate and deactivate the power output port to supply output voltage responsive to the data signals.

Abstract: An add-on VLC (Visible Light Communication) controller for an LED lighting device includes a power input port, a power output port, a housing, a control unit in the housing, and at least one data signal receiver in the control unit. A power input of the control unit is connected to the power input port. A power output of the control unit is connected to the power output port. The data signal receiver is configured to receive data from the external data source. The control unit further includes VLC protocol engine configured for interpreting the received data according to VLC protocol, and a VLC transceiver for converting the received data into one or more LIBM (Light Intensity Baseband Modulation) modulated signals. The control unit is configured to activate and deactivate the power output port to supply output voltage responsive to the one or more LIBM-modulated signals.

Abstract: An anti-eavesdropping system for mobile phone communication is disclosed, wherein a mobile phone is paired with a Bluetooth headset for voice data encryption and decryption, the Bluetooth headset having a microprocessor unit to perform encryption and decryption of voice data, wherein the Bluetooth headset transmits the encrypted voice data to the mobile phone, and decrypts the voice data from the mobile phone and outputs the decrypted voice data to a speaker.

Abstract: A lock comprises a lock casing, a shackle, an indicating device and a button component. The shackle is movably disposed on the lock casing. The indicating device is disposed in the lock casing, and moves from one original position to an indicating position with respect to the lock casing. The button component connects to the indicating device for restricting the movement of the shackle, the button component moves from a first position to a second position, for enabling the indicating device to move from the indicating position back to the original position.

Abstract: A lock includes a housing and a key-operated lock core mounted on the housing. The key-operated lock core has a spindle with a keyhole defined therein. The spindle is movable between an original position where the spindle is allowed to be rotated with respect to the housing to put the lock in a locked or unlocked state, and an indicative position where the spindle is also allowed to be rotated to put the lock in the locked or unlocked state.

Abstract: Embodiments of an end-cap for an LED tube are described. In one aspect, an end-cap for an LED tube may include an end-cap housing, at least one elastic component, and a connecting assembly. The end-cap housing may include at least one power pin thereon and configured to connect to an external power source. The elastic component may reside inside the end-cap housing. The end-cap housing may connect to a first end of the connecting assembly via an extendable connection and a second end of the connecting assembly opposite to the first end thereof connects to a body of the LED tube through at least one power connector. The power connector may connect to the at least one power pin when the elastic component is pressed. The power connector may remain separate from the at least one power pin when the elastic component is not pressed.

Abstract: Embodiments of an end-cap with retractable and rotatable pin for an LED tube are described. In one aspect, an end-cap for an LED tube may include an end-cap housing, an end-cap base assembly, a power-pin assembly, and at least one elastic component. The power-pin assembly may include at least one power pin thereon and configured to connect to an external power source. The power-pin assembly may protrude out of a center opening of the end-cap housing. The end-cap base assembly may have at least one power connector one end of which is connected to the body of the LED tube to receive electric power. The at least one elastic components may reside inside the end-cap housing and is placed between the power-pin assembly and the end-cap base assembly. The power connector may connect to the at least one power pin when the at least one elastic component is pressed.