Abstract: A display device according to one or more embodiments of the disclosure includes a pixel on a base layer; a gate driver configured to supply a gate control signal to the pixel through a gate line; pads including a first pad on the base layer and electrically connected to the pixel through a data line and a second pad on the base layer and electrically connected to the gate driver; and a protection circuit electrically connected to the pads. The protection circuit includes a first protection circuit electrically connected between the first pad and the pixel and a second protection circuit electrically connected between the second pad and the gate driver. The first protection circuit and the second protection circuit have different structures.

Abstract: A multi-channel payment method for a multi-channel payment system comprises the payer or the payee who initiated the payment request logs in to the multi-channel payment system; the payer or the payee who initiated the payment request placing an order in the multi-channel payment system, wherein the order comprises a designated payment gateway; the multi-channel payment system determining a predicted fee of the order according to the designated payment gateway, past order records, and a real-time exchange rate; the multi-channel payment system performing an anti-money laundering verification of the order; the payer reviewing the order and the predicted fee through a multiple auditing method; and the multi-channel payment system executing payment from the payer to the payee according to the order and the designated payment gateway, and storing a payment detail of the order.

Abstract: An absorption type near-infrared filter comprising a first multilayer film, a second multilayer film, and an absorption film, wherein in the ultraviolet band, the difference of between the wavelength with the transmittance at 80% of the absorbing film and the wavelength with the reflectivity at 80% of the first multilayer film falls in the range between 25 nm and 37 nm, the difference of between the wavelength with the transmittance at 50% of the absorbing film and the wavelength with the reflectivity at 50% of the first multilayer film falls in the range between 6 nm and 14 nm, and the difference of between the wavelength with the transmittance at 20% of the absorbing film and the wavelength with the reflectivity at 20% of the first multilayer film falls in the range between ?6 nm and 2.5 nm.

Abstract: A memory device, a failure bits detector, and a failure bits detection method thereof are provided. The failure bits detector includes a current generator, a current mirror, and a comparator. The current generator generates a first current according to a reference code. The current mirror mirrors the first current to generate a second current at a second end of the current mirror. The comparator compares a first voltage at a first input end with a second voltage at a second input end to generate a detection result.

Abstract: A method for operating a device for providing a protective service against a mail security-based zero-day uniform resource locator (URL) attack, according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprises: a collection step of collecting email information transmitted and received between one or more user terminals; a security threat inspection step of, when a URL is included in the email information, inspecting the URL by means of a email security process according to a preset security threat architecture and storing and managing URL inspection information according to the inspection result; a zero-day URL conversion step of, when the URL is determined as a zero-day URL having a potential zero-day attack risk, converting the zero-day URL into a preset secure URL on the basis of the URL inspection information; and a zero-day URL diagnosis step of periodically diagnosing whether the zero-day URL is a malicious URL.

Abstract: A method for operation of an apparatus for providing an e-mail security service according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a collection step of collecting mail information being transmitted and received between one or more user terminals; a security threat inspection step of processing step-by-step matching of a mail security process corresponding to the mail information, according to a preset security threat architecture, inspecting the mail information by the matching-processed mail security process, and storing and managing mail security inspection information according to the result of the inspection; a mail processing step of processing a mail status according to security threat determination information being acquired via analysis of the mail security inspection information and the mail information; and a record management step of storing and managing, as record information, the mail information which has been processed according to the security threat determination information.

Abstract: A hot carrier solar cell capable of absorbing sunlight with wavelengths greater than 1100 nm includes a light-absorbing layer in contact with a semiconductor layer, and a first and a second electrode in contact with the light-absorbing layer and the semiconductor layer, respectively. The hot carrier solar cell can be produced in a lower cost using a simple process. In addition, a tandem solar cell having the above-mentioned hot carrier solar cell is also disclosed to improve the efficiency of the tandem solar cell.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a wireless communication system including a first host computer, a communication dongle, a second host computer and an input device. The communication dongle is connected to the first host computer via a USB interface, connected to the second host computer via a Bluetooth interface, and connected to the input device via a RF interface. The first host computer has first application software for intercepting the operating signal(s) of the input device and transferring, via the communication dongle, to the second host computer to be executed thereby. The first application software also controls the first host computer to ignore the operating signal(s) during the operating signal(s) is being transferred to the second host computer.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a (meth)acrylate adhesive composition comprising a (meth)acrylated polymer, a crosslinking agent and a silane copolymer, wherein the silane copolymer comprises 70 to 95 weight parts of an acrylate monomer containing C1-C4 alkyl group and 5 to 30 weight parts of a silane represented by the following formula (I): X—R1—SiR23-a(OR3)a??(I) wherein the weight-average molecular weight of the silane copolymer is ranging from 40,000 to 150,000. The silane copolymer can enhance the initial adhesion strength, rework ability and weather resistance of the (meth)acrylate adhesive composition. Furthermore, the (meth)acrylate adhesive composition can be used in the flexible optical film with a good bending restoring property and adhesion.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a detection system and a detection method. The microphone of the detection system receives the response signal formed according to the shape of the sealed cavity. The conversion unit transfers the response signal in the time domain to the frequency domain signal in the frequency domain. The calculation unit obtains every frequency value corresponding to the frequency gradient being zero of each frequency waveform which is chosen of the response signal. The average unit averages every frequency value corresponding to the frequency gradient being zero of each chosen frequency waveform into the average frequency value and outputs an average frequency value. The determination unit determines whether the average frequency value is located in the corresponding frequency tolerance range, so that the wearing status of the in-ear earphone is confirmed.

Abstract: Light device control circuit includes signal processor; control circuit including control signal source and active switch, active switch having output end thereof electrically connected to control input side of the signal processor through control bus; data synchronization circuit including data signal source and another set of active switches, and the output end of the another set of active switches being electrically connected to data input side of signal processor through data bus, signal processor forming electrical connection with signal connection circuit by data output side to form signal and command synchronization between data input side and data output side; and warning light control IC connected to warning lights and forming electrical connection with data bus outside data output side, and transmitting data, clock pulse and ID information from data output side, so that the starter and the receivers select one of the flash modes to flash the light.

Abstract: A fluid actuator includes an actuating portion, a piezoelectric unit, a conduction unit, and a levelness regulating portion. The actuating portion includes a first actuating area, a second actuating area, and at least one connecting section between the two actuating areas. The piezoelectric unit includes a first signal area and a second signal area. The two signal areas are provided in the same plane and are isolated from each other by an isolating portion. The piezoelectric unit corresponds in position to the first actuating area of the actuating portion. The conduction unit includes a first electrode and a second electrode. The first signal area of the piezoelectric unit is electrically connected to the first electrode, and the second signal area of the piezoelectric unit to the second electrode. The levelness regulating portion, the piezoelectric unit, and the conduction unit are located on the same side of the actuating portion.

Abstract: A method for producing a homocyclic or heterocyclic compound includes reacting a compound of formula (I) with a compound of formula (II) in presence of a base: R1—B-G??(I) In formula (I), B is an unsaturated moiety selected from substituted or unsubstituted vinylene, ethynylene, aryleneethynylene, substituted or unsubstituted arylenevinylene, and a combination thereof, the vinylene or arylenevinylene has n (=0, 1 or 2) substituent(s) R2, G is an electron-withdrawing group, R1 is hydrogen or a substituent, and two of R1, R2 and G may joint together to form a ring. In formula (II), R3 and R4 are independently hydrogen or a substituent, R5 is an electron-withdrawing group, and two of R3, R4 and R5 may joint together to form a ring. The conjugate acid of the base has a pKa in the range of 1 to 15.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a detection system and a detection method. The microphone of the detection system receives the response signal formed according to the shape of the sealed cavity. The conversion unit transfers the response signal in the time domain to the frequency domain signal in the frequency domain. The calculation unit obtains every frequency value corresponding to the frequency gradient being zero of each frequency waveform which is chosen of the response signal. The average unit averages every frequency value corresponding to the frequency gradient being zero of each chosen frequency waveform into the average frequency value and outputs an average frequency value. The determination unit determines whether the average frequency value is located in the corresponding frequency tolerance range, so that the wearing status of the in-ear earphone is confirmed.

Abstract: A composition for forming an electroactive coating includes an acid as a polymerization catalyst, at least one functional component, and at least one compound of formula (1) as a monomer: wherein X is selected from S, O, Se, Te, PR2 and NR2, Y is hydrogen (H) or a precursor of a good leaving group Y? whose conjugate acid (HY) has a pKa of less than 45, Z is hydrogen (H), silyl, or a good leaving group whose conjugate acid (HY) has a pKa of less than 45, b is 0, 1 or 2, each R1 is a substituent, and the at least one compound of formula (1) includes at least one compound of formula (1) with Z?H and Y?H.