Abstract: A cross-coupling control method for moving beam of gantry machine tool is disclosed, which relates to the technical field of CNC machine tool control. The cross-coupling control method includes: Step 1: establishing a crossbeam dynamics model considering a ram on the crossbeam, and at the same time simplifying the model for an observer design; step 2: realizing a PID control parameter adjustment of motors at both ends in accordance with a method of parameter tuning of a unilateral servo control system; using a servo system with the same control parameters to jointly drive the crossbeam up and down, realizing the synchronous control and realizing PID control parameter tuning for both end motors. The disclosure not only reduces the synchronization error caused by the torsion of the crossbeam, but also solves the synchronization error caused by the asymmetric load on both sides, and improves the system robustness and stability.

Abstract: A metal or metal alloy including a region with hierarchical micro-scale and nano-scale structure shapes, the surface region is super-hydrophobic and has a spectral reflectance of less than 30% for at least some wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation in the range of 0.1 ?m to 10 ?m. Methods for forming the hierarchical micro-scale and nano-scale structure shapes on the metal or metal alloy are also described.

Abstract: An optical coating includes a first resonator with a broadband light absorber. A second resonator includes a narrowband light absorber which is disposed adjacent to and optically coupled to the broadband light absorber. The phase of light reflected from the first resonator slowly varies as a function of wavelength compared to the rapid phase change of the second resonator which exhibits a phase jump within the bandwidth of the broadband light absorber. A thin film optical beam spitter filter coating is also described.

Abstract: Embodiments herein may include apparatuses, systems, and processes related to a socket with a first side to receive a package substrate and a second side coupled with a printed circuit board (PCB), which may be a mother board, where the socket has a cavity into which a thermal conductor is inserted to conduct heat from the package substrate to the PCB. In embodiments, the PCB may contain thermal vias to conduct heat from one side of the PCB to the other side. Other embodiments may be described and/or claimed.

Abstract: Methods for making a material superwicking and/or superwetting (superhydrophyllic) involving creating one or more indentations in the surface of the material that have a micro-rough surface of protrusions, cavities, spheres, rods, or other irregularly shaped features having heights and/or widths on the order of 0.5 to 100 microns and the micro-rough surface having a nano-rough surface of protrusions, cavities, spheres, rods, and other irregularly shaped features having heights and/or widths on the order of 1 to 500 nanometers. Superwicking and/or superwetting materials having micro-rough and nano-rough surface indentations, including metals, glass, enamel, polymers, semiconductors, and others.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are generally directed to materials processing methods using femtosecond duration laser pulses, and to the altered materials obtained by such methods. The resulting nanostructured (with or without macro- and micro-structuring) materials have a variety of applications, including, for example, aesthetic applications for jewelry or ornamentation; biomedical applications related to biocompatibility; catalysis applications; and modification of, for example, the optical and hydrophilic properties of materials including selective coloring.

Abstract: A metal or metal alloy including a region with hierarchical micro-scale and nano-scale structure shapes, the surface region is super-hydrophobic and has a spectral reflectance of less than 30% for at least some wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation in the range of 0.1 ?m to 10 ?m. Methods for forming the hierarchical micro-scale and nano-scale structure shapes on the metal or metal alloy are also described.

Abstract: A method and device for temperature measurement of a processor is disclosed. A temperature-sensing circuit of the processor may have an associated resonance frequency, wherein the resonance frequency depends on a temperature of the temperature-sensing circuit. A temperature of the temperature-sensing circuit may be determined by determining the resonance frequency of the temperature-sensing circuit.

Abstract: Embodiments herein may include apparatuses, systems, and processes related to a socket with a first side to receive a package substrate and a second side coupled with a printed circuit board (PCB), which may be a mother board, where the socket has a cavity into which a thermal conductor is inserted to conduct heat from the package substrate to the PCB. In embodiments, the PCB may contain thermal vias to conduct heat from one side of the PCB to the other side. Other embodiments may be described and/or claimed.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are generally directed to materials processing methods using femtosecond duration laser pulses, and to the altered materials obtained by such methods. The resulting nanostructured (with or without macro- and micro-structuring) materials have a variety of applications, including, for example, aesthetic applications for jewelry or ornamentation; biomedical applications related to biocompatibility; catalysis applications; and modification of, for example, the optical and hydrophilic properties of materials including selective coloring.

Abstract: A method and device for temperature measurement of a processor is disclosed. A temperature-sensing circuit of the processor may have an associated resonance frequency, wherein the resonance frequency depends on a temperature of the temperature-sensing circuit. A temperature of the temperature-sensing circuit may be determined by determining the resonance frequency of the temperature-sensing circuit.

Abstract: A metal or metal alloy including a region with hierarchical micro-scale and nano-scale structure shapes, the surface region is super-hydrophobic and has a spectral reflectance of less than 30% for at least some wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation in the range of 0.1 ?m to 10 ?m. Methods for forming the hierarchical micro-scale and nano-scale structure shapes on the metal or metal alloy are also described.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are generally directed to materials processing methods using femtosecond duration laser pulses, and to the altered materials obtained by such methods. The resulting nanostructured (with or without macro- and micro-structuring) materials have a variety of applications, including, for example, aesthetic applications for jewelry or ornamentation; biomedical applications related to biocompatibility; catalysis applications; and modification of, for example, the optical and hydrophilic properties of materials including selective coloring.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are generally directed to materials processing methods using femtosecond duration laser pulses, and to the altered materials obtained by such methods. The resulting nanostructured (with or without macro- and micro-structuring) materials have a variety of applications, including, for example, aesthetic applications for jewelry or ornamentation; biomedical applications related to biocompatibility; catalysis applications; and modification of, for example, the optical and hydrophilic properties of materials including selective coloring.

Abstract: Methods for making a material superwicking and/or superwetting (superhydrophyllic) involving creating one or more indentations in the surface of the material that have a micro-rough surface of protrusions, cavities, spheres, rods, or other irregularly shaped features having heights and/or widths on the order of 0.5 to 100 microns and the micro-rough surface having a nano-rough surface of protrusions, cavities, spheres, rods, and other irregularly shaped features having heights and/or widths on the order of 1 to 500 nanometers. Superwicking and/or superwetting materials having micro-rough and nano-rough surface indentations, including metals, glass, enamel, polymers, semiconductors, and others.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are generally directed to materials processing methods using femtosecond duration laser pulses, and to the altered materials obtained by such methods. The resulting nanostructured (with or without macro- and micro-structuring) materials have a variety of applications, including, for example, aesthetic applications for jewelry or ornamentation; biomedical applications related to biocompatibility; catalysis applications; and modification of, for example, the optical and hydrophilic properties of materials including selective coloring.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are generally directed to materials processing methods using femtosecond duration laser pulses, and to the altered materials obtained by such methods. The resulting nanostructured (with or without macro- and micro-structuring) materials have a variety of applications, including, for example, aesthetic applications for jewelry or ornamentation; biomedical applications related to biocompatibility; catalysis applications; and modification of, for example, the optical and hydrophilic properties of materials including selective coloring.

Abstract: The present invention is generally directed to the materials processing regimes obtained with laser processing using ultra-short laser pulses of subpicosecond (i.e., up to hundreds of femtoseconds) duration, and to the altered materials obtained through such materials processing regimes. Thus various aspects of the present invention are directed to, for example, methods for altering materials by exposure of the materials to one or more pulses of a fs duration laser, while other aspects of the present invention are directed to, for example, materials altered by the methods of the invention. These macro-, micro-, and nanostructured materials have a variety of applications, including, for example, aesthetic applications such as jewelry or ornamentation; biomedical applications, especially medical applications involving biocompatibility bioperformance; catalysis applications; and modification of, for example, the optical and hydrophilic properties of materials.

Abstract: Two optical signals are autocorrelated by causing them to be incident on a metal surface, where they generate a second (or higher) harmonic signal. The resulting harmonic signal is detected by a photomultiplier tube or the like. The harmonic signal generation on the metal surface is phase-matched and dispersion free and can be performed over a wide range of wavelengths.