Abstract: Various implementations disclosed herein enable malleable routing for data packets. For example, in various implementations, a method of routing a type of data packets is performed by a device. In some implementations, the device includes a non-transitory memory and one or more processors coupled with the non-transitory memory. In some implementations, the method includes determining a routing criterion to transmit a set of data packets across a network. In some implementations, the method includes identifying network nodes and communication links in the network that satisfy the routing criterion. In some implementations, the method includes determining a route for the set of data packets through the network nodes and the communication links that satisfy the routing criterion. In some implementations, the method includes configuring the network nodes that are on the route with configuration information that allows the set of data packets to propagate along the route.

Abstract: Various implementations disclosed herein enable malleable routing for data packets. For example, in various implementations, a method of routing a type of data packets is performed by a device. In some implementations, the device includes a non-transitory memory and one or more processors coupled with the non-transitory memory. In some implementations, the method includes determining a routing criterion to transmit a set of data packets across a network. In some implementations, the method includes identifying network nodes and communication links in the network that satisfy the routing criterion. In some implementations, the method includes determining a route for the set of data packets through the network nodes and the communication links that satisfy the routing criterion. In some implementations, the method includes configuring the network nodes that are on the route with configuration information that allows the set of data packets to propagate along the route.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes receiving a packet comprising a destination address in a destination address field of the packet, where the destination address including at least a first global identifier and a second global identifier, determining that the first global identifier corresponds to the first network apparatus, determining that a local identifier in the destination address is associated with the first global identifier, identifying one or more instructions associated with the local identifier, performing one or more functions instructed by the one or more instructions, updating the destination address in the destination field of the packet to an updated destination address, determining a forwarding rule associated with the packet, and forwarding the packet with the updated destination address based on the forwarding rule.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes a method includes receiving, by a headend node, network traffic. The method also includes determining, by the headend node, that the network traffic matches a service route. The method further includes steering, by the headend node, the network traffic into an SR-TE policy. The SR-TE policy is associated with the service route and includes a security level constraint.

Abstract: An apparatus and method is disclosed for segment routing (SR) over label distribution protocol (LDP). In one embodiment, the method includes a node receiving a packet with an attached segment ID. In response, the node may attach a label to the packet. Thereafter, the node may forward the packet with the attached label and segment ID to another node via a label switched path (LSP).

Abstract: Techniques for optimizing technologies related to network path tracing and network delay measurements are described herein. Some of the techniques may include using an IPv6 header option and/or segment identifier field of a segment list or a TLV of a segment routing header as a telemetry data carrier. The techniques may also include using an SRv6 micro-segment (uSID) instruction to indicate to a node of a network that the node is to perform one or more path tracing actions and encapsulating the packet and forward. Additionally, the techniques may include using short interface identifiers corresponding to node interfaces to trace a packet path through a network. Further, the techniques may include using short timestamps to determine delay measurements associated with sending a packet through a network. In various examples, the techniques described above and herein may be used with each other to optimize network path tracing and delay measurement techniques.

Abstract: Disclosed are systems, apparatuses, methods, and computer-readable media to encode network functions in a packet header. A method includes receiving a first packet from a source device that is to be delivered to a destination address through a network; determining a route to the destination address; identifying at least one network function for the first packet; encapsulating the first packet in a second packet, wherein a header of the second packet includes the route to the destination address in a destination address field and local processing metadata associated with the at least one network function in a source address field; and forwarding the second packet to a next network node of the network identified in the destination address.

Abstract: Techniques for optimizing technologies related to network path tracing and network delay measurements are described herein. Some of the techniques may include using an IPv6 header option and/or segment identifier field of a segment list or a TLV of a segment routing header as a telemetry data carrier. The techniques may also include using an SRv6 micro-segment (uSID) instruction to indicate to a node of a network that the node is to perform one or more path tracing actions and encapsulating the packet and forward. Additionally, the techniques may include using short interface identifiers corresponding to node interfaces to trace a packet path through a network. Further, the techniques may include using short timestamps to determine delay measurements associated with sending a packet through a network. In various examples, the techniques described above and herein may be used with each other to optimize network path tracing and delay measurement techniques.

Abstract: In one embodiment, Ethernet Virtual Private Network (EVPN) is implemented using Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Segment Routing (SRv6) underlay network and SRv6-enhanced Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) signaling. A particular route associated with a particular Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Segment Routing (SRv6) Segment Identifier (SID) is advertised in a particular route advertisement message of a routing protocol (e.g., BGP). The SID includes encoding representing a particular Ethernet Virtual Private Network (EVPN) Layer 2 (L2) flooding Segment Routing end function of the particular router and a particular Ethernet Segment Identifier (ESI), with the particular SID including a routable prefix to the particular router. The particular router receives a particular packet including the particular SID; and in response, the particular router performs the particular EVPN end function on the particular packet.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed for using segment routing (SR) in native IP networks. The method involves receiving a packet. The packet is an IP packet and includes an IP header. The method also involves updating the packet. Updating the packet involves writing information, including a segment routing segment identifier, to the destination address of the packet.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes receiving an OSPF hello message including an attestation token from a second network apparatus, determining that the attestation token is valid for the second network apparatus at a current time, establishing an adjacency to the second network apparatus in response to the determination, computing, based at least on the attestation token, a trust level for a first link from the first network apparatus to the second network apparatus and a trust level for first prefixes associated with the first link, and sending an LSA comprising the trust level for the first link and the trust level for the first prefixes to neighboring network apparatuses, where the trust level for the first link and the trust level for the prefixes are used by the network apparatuses in the network to compute a routing table of the network.

Abstract: Various systems and methods for using strict path forwarding. For example, one method involves receiving an advertisement at a node. The advertisement includes a segment identifier (SID). In response to receiving the advertisement, the node determines whether the SID is a strict SID or not. If the SID is a strict SID, the node generates information, such as forwarding information that indicates how to forward packets along a strict shortest path corresponding to the strict SID.

Abstract: An apparatus and method is disclosed for segment routing (SR) over label distribution protocol (LDP). In one embodiment, the method includes a node receiving a packet with an attached segment ID. In response, the node may attach a label to the packet. Thereafter, the node may forward the packet with the attached label and segment ID to another node via a label switched path (LSP).

Abstract: In one embodiment, Ethernet Virtual Private Network (EVPN) is implemented using Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Segment Routing (SRv6) underlay network and SRv6-enhanced Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) signaling. A particular route associated with a particular Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Segment Routing (SRv6) Segment Identifier (SID) is advertised in a particular route advertisement message of a routing protocol (e.g., BGP). The SID includes encoding representing a particular Ethernet Virtual Private Network (EVPN) Layer 2 (L2) flooding Segment Routing end function of the particular router and a particular Ethernet Segment Identifier (ESI), with the particular SID including a routable prefix to the particular router. The particular router receives a particular packet including the particular SID; and in response, the particular router performs the particular EVPN end function on the particular packet.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes receiving an ISIS hello message including an attestation token from a second network apparatus, determining that the attestation token is valid for the second network apparatus at a current time, establishing an adjacency to the second network apparatus in response to the determination, computing, based at least on the attestation token, a trust level for a first link from the first network apparatus to the second network apparatus and a trust level for first prefixes associated with the first link, and sending an LSP comprising the trust level for the first link and the trust level for the first prefixes to neighboring network apparatuses, where the trust level for the first link and the trust level for the prefixes are used by the network apparatuses in the network to compute a routing table of the network.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes identifying, by a network component, a first segment identifier (SID) within a SID list. The first SID includes a first SID block and a first micro SID (uSID). The method also includes initializing, by the network component, a packing list of a uSID carrier with the first uSID of the first SID and initializing, by the network component, a packing block of the uSID carrier with the first SID block of the first SID. The method further includes initializing, by the network component, a remaining packing capacity of the packing list with a carrier capacity of the first SID and initializing, by the network component, an empty compressed SID list.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method by an apparatus of a segment routing (SR) network includes receiving a data packet and accessing an attestation token for the apparatus. The method further includes determining a location within a header of the received data packet for the attestation token and creating an updated header by encoding the attestation token in the determined location of the header. The method further includes sending the updated header with the encoded attestation token to another apparatus of the SR network.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes receiving a packet comprising a destination address in a destination address field of the packet, where the destination address including at least a first global identifier and a second global identifier, determining that the first global identifier corresponds to the first network apparatus, determining that a local identifier in the destination address is associated with the first global identifier, identifying one or more instructions associated with the local identifier, performing one or more functions instructed by the one or more instructions, updating the destination address in the destination field of the packet to an updated destination address, determining a forwarding rule associated with the packet, and forwarding the packet with the updated destination address based on the forwarding rule.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a packet tracing mechanism will be described that provides packet tracing information to a mobile network controller. In one aspect, a method includes receiving a data packet sent from a source node to a destination node; determining if the data packet is to be updated with packet tracing information; and upon determining that the data packet is to be updated, updating the packet tracing information of the data packet to include identification of the network device and an ingress timestamp of the data packet at the network device for a corresponding network controller to determining network routing policies.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a network comprises a first forwarding domain using a first data plane forwarding protocol and a second forwarding domain using a second data plane forwarding protocol different than the first data forwarding plane forwarding protocol. The first forwarding domain includes a first path node and a particular border node. The second forwarding domain includes a second path node and the particular border node. The particular border node performs Segment Routing or other protocol interworking between the different data plane forwarding domains, such as for transporting packets through a different forwarding domain or translating a packet to use a different data forwarding protocol. These forwarding domains typically include Segment Routing (SR) and SR-Multiprotocol Label Switching (SR-MPLS). Paths through the network are determined by a Path Computation Engine and/or based on route advertisements such associated with Binding Segment Identifiers (BSIDs) (e.g.