Abstract: An apparatus and method of operating an apparatus are provided. The apparatus comprises execution circuitry to perform data processing operations specified by instructions and instruction retrieval circuitry to retrieve the instructions from memory, wherein the instructions comprise branch instructions. The instruction retrieval circuitry comprises branch target storage to store target instruction addresses for the branch instructions and branch target prefetch circuitry to prepopulate the branch target storage with predicted target instruction addresses for the branch instructions. An improved hit rate in the branch target storage may thereby be supported.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds having the formula (I): wherein R1, R2, and R3 are as defined herein, and methods of making and using the same.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for performing branch prediction. The apparatus has processing circuitry for executing instructions, and branch prediction circuitry for making branch outcome predictions in respect of branch instructions. The branch prediction circuitry includes loop prediction circuitry having a plurality of entries, where each entry is used to maintain branch outcome prediction information for a loop controlling branch instruction that controls repeated execution of a loop comprising a number of instructions. The branch prediction circuitry is arranged to analyse blocks of instructions and to produce a prediction result for each block that is dependent on branch outcome predictions made for any branch instructions appearing in the associated block. A prediction queue then stores the prediction results produced by the branch prediction circuitry in order to determine the instructions to be executed by the processing circuitry.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a handheld pulsed laser device for cleaning or treating a surface, comprising a laser source, a focal distance adjuster and a beam deflector. The laser source is configured to emit a pulsed laser beam and the focal distance adjuster, is configured to change a focal distance of the beam. The beam deflector may comprise at least one movable mirror onto which the beam is deflected, wherein the deflector is configured to deflect the beam to scan the beam along the surface. The device further comprises at least one sensor, configured to provide a sensor signal that is representative for a parameter that is related to a characteristic of the surface, and a control unit, configured to control the beam deflector to scan the beam along the surface in an, at least, two-dimensional pattern, based on the sensor signal. The present invention further relates to a method for using the pulsed laser cleaning device during cleaning or treating of a surface.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds having the formula: wherein R1 and R2 are as defined herein, and methods of making and using the same.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of operating an apparatus are provided. The apparatus comprises execution circuitry to perform data processing operations specified by instructions and instruction retrieval circuitry to retrieve the instructions from memory, wherein the instructions comprise branch instructions. The instruction retrieval circuitry comprises branch target storage to store target instruction addresses for the branch instructions and branch target prefetch circuitry to prepopulate the branch target storage with predicted target instruction addresses for the branch instructions. An improved hit rate in the branch target storage may thereby be supported.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for controlling allocation of data into cache storage. The apparatus comprises processing circuitry for executing instructions, and a cache storage for storing data accessed when executing the instructions. Cache control circuitry is arranged, while a sensitive allocation condition is determined to exist, to be responsive to the processing circuitry speculatively executing a memory access instruction that identifies data to be allocated into the cache storage, to allocate the data into the cache storage and to set a conditional allocation flag in association with the data allocated into the cache storage. The cache control circuitry is then responsive to detecting an allocation resolution event, to determine based on the type of the allocation resolution event whether to clear the conditional allocation flag such that the data is thereafter treated as unconditionally allocated, or to cause invalidation of the data in the cache storage.

Abstract: A data processing apparatus comprises branch prediction circuitry adapted to store at least one branch prediction state entry in relation to a stream of instructions, input circuitry to receive at least one input to generate a new branch prediction state entry, wherein the at least one input comprises a plurality of bits; and coding circuitry adapted to perform an encoding operation to encode at least some of the plurality of bits based on a value associated with a current execution environment in which the stream of instructions is being executed. This guards against potential attacks which exploit the ability for branch prediction entries trained by one execution environment to be used by another execution environment as a basis for branch predictions.

Abstract: In a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fermentation process for fermenting a carbon source comprising glucose and one or more oligosaccharides in the presence of a microorganism capable of fermenting glucose into a fermentation product, said process comprising the steps of: (a) forming an initial fermentation broth comprising the carbon source and the microorganism; (b) fermenting the broth under conditions suitable to ferment the glucose; (c) adding to the broth an effective amount of at least one active enzyme capable of depolymerizing the one or more oligosaccharides; and (d) recovering the fermentation product; wherein the carbon source comprises dextrose greens.

Abstract: The invention is directed to substituted pyrrolidinone and imidazolidinone derivatives. Specifically, the invention is directed to compounds according to Formula I: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, X and Y are as defined herein.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds having the formula (I): wherein R1, R2, and R3 are as defined herein, and methods of making and using the same.

Abstract: The invention relates to an alcoholic fermentation process in the presence of one or more high alcohol tolerant yeast and one or more maltotriose positive yeast. The process of the present invention can be a fermentation process for the production of ethanol, for the production of beer, for the production of wine and the like. In a preferred embodiment, the present invention relates to a process for the production of ethanol in the presence of distiller's yeast and baker's yeast.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the formula (I), salts thereof, to pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use in medicine. In particular, the invention relates to compounds as activators of AMPK.

Abstract: The invention relates to an alcoholic fermentation process in the presence of one or more high alcohol tolerant yeast and one or more maltotriose positive yeast. The process of the present invention can be a fermentation process for the production of ethanol, for the production of beer, for the production of wine and the like. in a preferred embodiment, the present invention relates to a process for the production of ethanol in the presence of distiller's yeast and baker's yeast.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a coating comprising at least one biodegradable polymer, wherein the polymer comprises at least one or a blend of a poly (ester amide) (PEA) having a chemical formula described by structural formula (II), wherein; R1 is independently selected from the group consisting of (C2-C20)alkylene, (C2-C20)alkenylene, —(R9—CO—O—R10—O—CO—R9)—, CH R11—O—CO—R12—COOCR11— and combinations thereof; R3 and R4 in a single co-monomer m or p, respectively, are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, (C1-C6)alkyl, (C2-C6)alkenyl, (C2-C6)alkynyl, (C6-C10)aryl, (C1C6)alkyl, —(CH2)SH, —(CH2)2S(CH3), CH2OH, —CH(OH)CH3, —(CH2)4NH3+, ˜(CH2)3NHC(?NH2+)NH2, —CH2COOH, (CH2)COOH, —CH2—CO—NH2—CH2CH2—CO—NH2, —CH2CH2COOH, CH3—CH2—CH(CH3)—, formula (a), HO-P-Ph-CH2—, (CH3)2—CH—, Ph- NH—, NH—(CH2)3—C—, NH—CH?N—CH?C—CH2—.

Abstract: An apparatus and method includes execution circuitry including a wide operand execution unit configured to allow up to N bits of operand data to be processed during execution of a single instruction. Decoder circuitry decodes and generates, for each instruction, at least one control data block identifying an operation to be performed by the execution circuitry and at least two re-combineable control data blocks for the instruction. Issue queue control circuitry then allocates a slot in the issue queue for each of the at least two data blocks and up to M bits of associated operand data, and marks those allocated slots to identify that they contain re-combineable control data blocks. The issue queue control circuitry issues the combined block to said wide operand execution unit along with the operand data contained in each of the allocated slots for said at least two control data blocks.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a coating comprising at least one biodegradable polymer, wherein the polymer comprises at least one or a blend of a poly (ester amide) (PEA) having a chemical formula described by structural formula (II), wherein; R1 is independently selected from the group consisting of (C2-C20)alkylene, (C2-C20)alkenylene, —(R9—CO—O—R10—O—CO—R9)—, CHR11—O—CO—R12—COOCR11— and combinations thereof; R3 and R4 in a single co-monomer m or p, respectively, are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, (C1-C6)alkyl, (C2-C6)alkenyl, (C2-C6)alkynyl, (C6-C10)aryl, (C1C6)alkyl, —(CH2)SH, —(CH2)2S(CH3), CH2OH, —CH(OH)CH3, —(CH2)4NH3—, ˜(CH2)3NHC(?NH2+)NH2, —CH2COOH, (CH2)COOH, —CH2—CO—NH2—CH2CH2—CO—NH2, —CH2CH2COOH, CH3—CH2—CH(CH3)—, formula (a), HO—P-Ph-CH2—, (CH3)2—CH—, Ph-NH—, NH—(CH2)3—C—, NH—CH?N—CH?C—CH2—.

Abstract: A data processing apparatus executes call instructions, and after a sequence of instructions executed in response to a call instruction a return instruction causes the program flow to return to a point in the program sequence associated with that call instruction. The data processing apparatus is configured to speculatively execute instructions in dependence on a predicted outcome of earlier instructions and a return address prediction unit is configured to store return addresses associated with unresolved call instructions. The return address prediction unit comprises: a stack portion onto which return addresses associated with unresolved call instructions are pushed, and from which a return address is popped when a return instruction is speculatively executed; and a buffer portion which stores an entry for each unresolved call instruction executed and for each return instruction which is speculatively executed.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for performing register renaming. Available register identifying circuitry is provided to identify which physical registers form a pool of physical registers available to be mapped by register renaming circuitry to an architectural register specified by an instruction to be executed. Configuration data whose value is modified during operation of the processing circuitry is stored such that, when the configuration data has a first value, the configuration data identifies at least one architectural register of the architectural register set which does not require mapping to a physical register by the register renaming circuitry. The register identifying circuitry is arranged to reference the modified data value, such that when the configuration data has the first value, the number of physical registers in the pool is increased due to the reduction in the number of architectural registers which require mapping to physical registers.

Abstract: A data processing apparatus is provided in which a processor unit accesses data values stored in a memory and a cache stores local copies of a subset of the data values. The cache maintains a status value for each local copy stored in the cache. When the processor unit executes a load-exclusive operation, a first data value is loaded from a specified memory location and an exclusive use monitor begins monitoring the specified memory location for accesses. When the processor unit executes a store-exclusive operation, a second data value is stored to the specified memory location if the exclusive use monitor indicates that the first data value has not been modified since the load-exclusive operation was executed.