Abstract: Methods and kits are provided for amplifying and detecting misfolded tau protein from samples, for example, from patients having tauopathies such as Alzheimer's Disease, Progressive Supranuclear Palsy, and the like.

Abstract: Methods and kits are provided for amplifying and detecting misfolded tau protein from samples, for example, from patients having tauopathies such as Alzheimer's Disease, Progressive Supranuclear Palsy, and the like.

Abstract: A method is provided for distinguishing between and/or diagnosing Parkinson's disease (PD) or multiple system atrophy (MSA) in a subject who is exhibiting symptoms associated with both PD and MSA. The method comprises: (A) contacting a biological sample obtained from the subject and comprising soluble, misfolded alpha-synuclein (?S) protein with a pre-incubation mixture comprising a monomeric ?S substrate and an indicator to form an incubation mixture; (B) conducting an incubation cycle two or more times on the incubation mixture to form misfolded ?S aggregates; (C) subjecting the incubation mixture to excitation and detecting via indicator fluorescence emission the misfolded ?S aggregates; and (D) diagnosing the subject has having PD or MSA depending on the fluorescence emission intensity. In some aspects, the incubation cycles are conducted in the presence of a bead.

Abstract: Methods and kits are provided for amplifying and detecting ?S proteins from samples, for example, from patients having Parkinson's Disease. For example, a method for determining a presence of a soluble, misfolded ?S protein may include: contacting the sample with a monomeric, folded ?S protein to form an incubation mixture; conducting an incubation cycle two or more times on the incubation mixture effective to form an amplified portion of misfolded ?S protein; incubating the incubation mixture effective to cause misfolding and/or aggregation of at least a portion of the monomeric, folded ?S protein in the presence of the soluble, misfolded ?S protein; physically disrupting the incubation mixture effective to at least partly de-aggregate at least a portion of a misfolded ?S aggregate present; and determining the presence of the soluble, misfolded ?S protein in the sample by detecting at least a portion of the soluble, misfolded ?S protein.

Abstract: A method is provided for distinguishing between and/or diagnosing Parkinson's disease (PD) or multiple system atrophy (MSA) in a subject who is exhibiting symptoms associated with both PD and MSA. The method comprises: (A) contacting a biological sample obtained from the subject and comprising soluble, misfolded alpha-synuclein (?S) protein with a pre-incubation mixture comprising a monomeric ?S substrate and an indicator to form an incubation mixture; (B) conducting an incubation cycle two or more times on the incubation mixture to form misfolded ?S aggregates; (C) subjecting the incubation mixture to excitation and detecting via indicator fluorescence emission the misfolded ?S aggregates; and (D) diagnosing the subject has having PD or MSA depending on the fluorescence emission intensity. In some aspects, the incubation cycles are conducted in the presence of a bead.

Abstract: Methods and kits are provided for amplifying and detecting ?S proteins from samples, for example, from patients having Parkinson's Disease. For example, a method for determining a presence of a soluble, misfolded ?S protein may include: contacting the sample with a monomeric, folded ?S protein to form an incubation mixture; conducting an incubation cycle two or more times on the incubation mixture effective to form an amplified portion of misfolded ?S protein; incubating the incubation mixture effective to cause misfolding and/or aggregation of at least a portion of the monomeric, folded ?S protein in the presence of the soluble, misfolded ?S protein; physically disrupting the incubation mixture effective to at least partly de-aggregate at least a portion of a misfolded ?S aggregate present; and determining the presence of the soluble, misfolded ?S protein in the sample by detecting at least a portion of the soluble, misfolded ?S protein.

Abstract: Methods and kits are provided for amplifying and detecting misfolded proteins from samples, for example, from patients having Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, and the like. For example, a method for determining a presence of soluble, misfolded protein in a sample may include contacting the sample with a monomeric, folded protein to form an incubation mixture; conducting an incubation cycle two or more times effective to form an amplified portion of misfolded protein; incubating the incubation mixture effective to cause misfolding and/or aggregation of at least a portion of the monomeric, folded protein; physically disrupting the incubation mixture effective to break up at least a portion of any protein aggregate present; and determining the presence of the soluble, misfolded protein in the sample by detecting at least a portion of the soluble, misfolded protein. The monomeric, folded protein and the soluble, misfolded protein may exclude prion protein (PrP) and isoforms thereof.

Abstract: Methods and kits for evaluating a subject for a brain injury are described. The method may include providing at least one biological sample from the subject having or suspected of having the brain injury. The method may include conducting one or more amplification reactions, including contacting a portion of the biological sample with a monomeric, folded tau protein to form an incubation mixture. Each amplification reaction may include determining a presence or amount of the misfolded tau protein in the biological sample according to the amplified portion of the misfolded tau protein. Methods for evaluating the risk of neurodegenerative disease or disorder in a subject having suffered from brain injury are also described.

Abstract: Described are methods for estimating misfolded protein concentration in fluids and tissues by quantitative PMCA.

Abstract: The present embodiments disclose methods for estimating PrPSc concentration in fluids and tissues by quantitative PMCA.

Abstract: Methods and kits are provided for amplifying and detecting misfolded tau protein from samples, for example, from patients having tauopathies such as Alzheimer's Disease, Progressive Supranuclear Palsy, and the like.

Abstract: Methods and kits are provided for amplifying and detecting misfolded proteins from samples, for example, from patients having Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, and the like. For example, a method for determining a presence of soluble, misfolded protein in a sample may include contacting the sample with a monomeric, folded protein to form an incubation mixture; conducting an incubation cycle two or more times effective to form an amplified portion of misfolded protein; incubating the incubation mixture effective to cause misfolding and/or aggregation of at least a portion of the monomeric, folded protein; physically disrupting the incubation mixture effective to break up at least a portion of any protein aggregate present; and determining the presence of the soluble, misfolded protein in the sample by detecting at least a portion of the soluble, misfolded protein. The monomeric, folded protein and the soluble, misfolded protein may exclude prion protein (PrP) and isoforms thereof.

Abstract: Methods and kits are provided for amplifying and detecting A? proteins from samples, for example, from patients having Alzheimer's Disease. For example, a method for determining a presence of a soluble, misfolded A? protein may include contacting the sample with a monomeric, folded A? protein to form an incubation mixture; conducting an incubation cycle two or more times on the incubation mixture effective to form an amplified portion of misfolded A? protein; incubating the incubation mixture effective to cause misfolding and/or aggregation of at least a portion of the monomeric, folded A? protein; physically disrupting the incubation mixture effective to at least partly de-aggregate at least a portion of a misfolded A? aggregate present; and determining the presence of the soluble, misfolded A? protein in the sample by detecting at least a portion of the amplified portion of misfolded A? protein.

Abstract: Methods and kits are provided for amplifying and detecting A? proteins from samples, for example, from patients having Alzheimer's Disease. For example, a method for determining a presence of a soluble, misfolded A? protein may include contacting the sample with a monomeric, folded A? protein to form an incubation mixture; conducting an incubation cycle two or more times on the incubation mixture effective to form an amplified portion of misfolded A? protein; incubating the incubation mixture effective to cause misfolding and/or aggregation of at least a portion of the monomeric, folded A? protein; physically disrupting the incubation mixture effective to at least partly de-aggregate at least a portion of a misfolded A? aggregate present; and determining the presence of the soluble, misfolded A? protein in the sample by detecting at least a portion of the amplified portion of misfolded A? protein.

Abstract: Methods and kits are provided for amplifying and detecting misfolded proteins from samples, for example, from patients having Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, and the like. For example, a method for determining a presence of soluble, misfolded protein in a sample may include contacting the sample with a monomeric, folded protein to form an incubation mixture; conducting an incubation cycle two or more times effective to form an amplified portion of misfolded protein; incubating the incubation mixture effective to cause misfolding and/or aggregation of at least a portion of the monomeric, folded protein; physically disrupting the incubation mixture effective to break up at least a portion of any protein aggregate present; and determining the presence of the soluble, misfolded protein in the sample by detecting at least a portion of the soluble, misfolded protein. The monomeric, folded protein and the soluble, misfolded protein may exclude prion protein (PrP) and isoforms thereof.

Abstract: Methods and kits are provided for amplifying and detecting A? proteins from samples, for example, from patients having Alzheimer's Disease. For example, a method for determining a presence of a soluble, misfolded A? protein may include contacting the sample with a monomeric, folded A? protein to form an incubation mixture; conducting an incubation cycle two or more times on the incubation mixture effective to form an amplified portion of misfolded A? protein; incubating the incubation mixture effective to cause misfolding and/or aggregation of at least a portion of the monomeric, folded A? protein; physically disrupting the incubation mixture effective to at least partly de-aggregate at least a portion of a misfolded A? aggregate present; and determining the presence of the soluble, misfolded A? protein in the sample by detecting at least a portion of the amplified portion of misfolded A? protein.

Abstract: Methods and kits are provided for amplifying and detecting ?S proteins from samples, for example, from patients having Parkinson's Disease. For example, a method for determining a presence of a soluble, misfolded ?S protein may include: contacting the sample with a monomeric, folded ?S protein to form an incubation mixture; conducting an incubation cycle two or more times on the incubation mixture effective to form an amplified portion of misfolded ?S protein; incubating the incubation mixture effective to cause misfolding and/or aggregation of at least a portion of the monomeric, folded ?S protein in the presence of the soluble, misfolded ?S protein; physically disrupting the incubation mixture effective to at least partly de-aggregate at least a portion of a misfolded ?S aggregate present; and determining the presence of the soluble, misfolded ?S protein in the sample by detecting at least a portion of the soluble, misfolded ?S protein.

Abstract: The present embodiments disclose methods for estimating PrPSc concentration in fluids and tissues by quantitative PMCA.

Abstract: The present invention discloses peptides isolated from the extracellular domain of OX40 Ligand (OX40L) capable of binding OX40 Receptor (OX40R) and inhibiting OX40R-OX40L interaction. Such peptides, fusion proteins comprising them, as well as peptides and other molecules designed on their sequences, can be used as OX40R binding agents competing with natural OX40L for blocking OX40R-mediated cell signaling in the prophylaxis and/or treatment of diseases related to activated T cells.

Abstract: The present invention discloses peptides isolated from the extracellular domain of OX40 Ligand (OX40L) capable of binding OX40 Receptor (OX40R) and inhibiting OX40R-OX40L interaction. Such peptides, fusion proteins comprising them, as well as peptides and other molecules designed on their sequences, can be used as OX40R binding agents competing with natural OX40L for blocking OX40R-mediated cell signaling in the prophylaxis and/or treatment of diseases related to activated T cells.