Abstract: An endoscope includes an endoscope shaft (3), which has a cylindrical shaft tube (4), and an endoscope head (2), which is arranged at a proximal end of the endoscope shaft (3). A distal end region (11) of the endoscope head (2), has a cylindrical interior (13) with a peripheral groove (15). The shaft tube (4) is inserted into the cylindrical interior (13) and folded into the peripheral groove (15). The groove (15) is not rotationally symmetrical. An endoscope head and a method for producing an endoscope are also provided.

Abstract: An optical instrument (1) for minimally invasive surgery includes an instrument housing (2) for receiving optical elements, wherein the instrument housing (2) is sealed in fluid tight fashion by way of at least one end window (7) on the distal side and/or proximal side. The end window (7) is arranged in a window frame (8) that surrounds the end window (7) around the entire circumference thereof. The end windows (7) is able to be attached with little stress in the associated window frame (8) based on at least two portions (12) that project radially to the inside from the window frame (8). The at least two portions (12) are formed on the inner circumferential surface of each window frame (8) facing the respective end window (7).

Abstract: An endoscope includes an endoscope shaft (3), which has a cylindrical shaft tube (4), and an endoscope head (2), which is arranged at a proximal end of the endoscope shaft (3). A distal end region (11) of the endoscope head (2), has a cylindrical interior (13) with a peripheral groove (15). The shaft tube (4) is inserted into the cylindrical interior (13) and folded into the peripheral groove (15). The groove (15) is not rotationally symmetrical. An endoscope head and a method for producing an endoscope are also provided.

Abstract: An autoclavable handle (5) includes a handle housing (9) and with at least one switch element (11) mounted to the handle housing (9). The autoclavable handle (5) is permanently resistant to the effects of machine cleaning and of steam sterilization. The at least one switch element (11) is resiliently pressable into the handle housing (9). The switch element (11) is mounted in the handle housing (9) via at least one web (16) arranged on an underside of the switch element (11). The switch element (11) is sealed off from the handle housing (9) via a circumferential sealing element (12).

Abstract: An autoclavable handle (5) includes a handle housing (9) and with at least one switch element (11) mounted to the handle housing (9). The autoclavable handle (5) is permanently resistant to the effects of machine cleaning and of steam sterilization. The at least one switch element (11) is resiliently pressable into the handle housing (9). The switch element (11) is mounted in the handle housing (9) via at least one web (16) arranged on an underside of the switch element (11). The switch element (11) is sealed off from the handle housing (9) via a circumferential sealing element (12).

Abstract: An optical instrument (1) for minimally invasive surgery includes an instrument housing (2) for receiving optical elements, wherein the instrument housing (2) is sealed in fluid tight fashion by way of at least one end window (7) on the distal side and/or proximal side. The end window (7) is arranged in a window frame (8) that surrounds the end window (7) around the entire circumference thereof. The end windows (7) is able to be attached with little stress in the associated window frame (8) based on at least two portions (12) that project radially to the inside from the window frame (8). The at least two portions (12) are formed on the inner circumferential surface of each window frame (8) facing the respective end window (7).

Abstract: A coupling mechanism for mechanically connecting a first structural part and a second structural part of a medical instrument includes a first component and a second component, which are designed to be connected to each other by a bayonet connection that permits a rotation of the second component relative to the first component about a rotation axis, and a detent mechanism for alternately locking the second component in several alternative and mutually different predetermined angle positions relative to the first component.

Abstract: An endoscope according to the invention comprises an endoscope shaft (3), which has a cylindrical shaft tube (4), and an endoscope head (2), which is arranged at a proximal end of the endoscope shaft (3) and, in a distal end region (11), has a cylindrical interior (13) with a peripheral groove (15), wherein the shaft tube (4) is inserted into the cylindrical interior (13) and folded into the peripheral groove (15). According to the invention, the groove (15) is not rotationally symmetrical. The invention further relates to an endoscope head and to a method for producing an endoscope.

Abstract: A coupling mechanism for mechanically connecting a first structural part and a second structural part of a medical instrument includes a first component and a second component, which are designed to be connected to each other by a bayonet connection that permits a rotation of the second component relative to the first component about a rotation axis, and a detent mechanism for alternately locking the second component in several alternative and mutually different predetermined angle positions relative to the first component.

Abstract: A transmission device for transmitting a force and a torque between a handling device and a tool of a medical instrument includes transmission members interconnected in a hinged manner. A convex coupling portion of a first transmission member is in each case held interlockingly in a concave coupling portion of an adjacent second transmission member in such a way that a rotation of the first transmission member about its longitudinal axis causes a rotation of the second transmission member about its longitudinal axis. A convex coupling portion of a first transmission member is in each case held interlockingly in a concave coupling portion of an adjacent second transmission member in such a way that a tensile force can be transmitted between the first transmission member and the second transmission member.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electromagnetic switch (16) for a starting device (10), comprising two contacts (180, 181) that are electroconductively inter-connected by a mobile contact bridge (184). At least one of the two contacts (180, 181) preferably comprises a contact surface (300) fixed to a contact stud (150, 151).

Abstract: A transmission device for transmitting a force and a torque between a handling device and a tool of a medical instrument includes transmission members interconnected in a hinged manner. A convex coupling portion of a first transmission member is in each case held interlockingly in a concave coupling portion of an adjacent second transmission member in such a way that a rotation of the first transmission member about its longitudinal axis causes a rotation of the second transmission member about its longitudinal axis. A convex coupling portion of a first transmission member is in each case held interlockingly in a concave coupling portion of an adjacent second transmission member in such a way that a tensile force can be transmitted between the first transmission member and the second transmission member.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electromagnetic switch (16) for a starting device (10), comprising two contacts (180, 181) that are electroconductively inter-connected by a mobile contact bridge (184). At least one of the two contacts (180, 181) preferably comprises a contact surface (300) fixed to a contact stud (150, 151).

Abstract: An electromagnetic switch is described as including a starter relay, in particular, for an electrical starter motor for controlling a starter pinion when starting an internal combustion engine, having a housing, an armature electromagnetically controllable therein, for controlling a control lever, and having a flexible protective cap which seals a transition from the housing to the armature, the protective cap being developed to be pot-shaped and having a pot floor and a pot opening, the pot floor having a circular opening having a thickened ring for the form-locking connection to the armature, and the pot opening being developed reinforced at its circumferential edge for the form-locking connection to the housing, the pot floor having a setpoint bending region, as seen in cross section. In order to create a small installation space, the protective cap has an arrangement or structure, on its inner wall, for connecting to the housing, which are able to be connected to the housing in a form-locking manner.

Abstract: An electromagnetic switch is described as including a starter relay, in particular, for an electrical starter motor for controlling a starter pinion when starting an internal combustion engine, having a housing, an armature electromagnetically controllable therein, for controlling a control lever, and having a flexible protective cap which seals a transition from the housing to the armature, the protective cap being developed to be pot-shaped and having a pot floor and a pot opening, the pot floor having a circular opening having a thickened ring for the form-locking connection to the armature, and the pot opening being developed reinforced at its circumferential edge for the form-locking connection to the housing, the pot floor having a setpoint bending region, as seen in cross section. In order to create a small installation space, the protective cap has an arrangement or structure, on its inner wall, for connecting to the housing, which are able to be connected to the housing in a form-locking manner.

Abstract: A device is provided for igniting a fuel-air mixture in a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine with the aid of electromagnetic radiation, in particular light. The device includes at least two laser radiation sources, each having an optical resonator. The resonators are spatially oriented with respect to one another in such a way that modes of the laser radiation sources are coupled to one another and are able to generate time-shifted pulses of the electromagnetic radiation.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement for an engagement relay of a starter mechanism of an internal combustion engine, for bringing two gearwheels in engagement, the circuit arrangement having a switching element which reduces a relay current after a first time period before meshing of the two gear wheels to a determined current value during a second time period, the switching element being formed as a controlling and regulating device which increases a relay current to a predetermined value to a third time period which starts when one gear wheel reaches the other gear wheel.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cranking device for internal combustion engines, having a starter motor whose starter pinion initially shifts into the gear ring of the engine with a starting signal via an engagement magnet, before the starter motor trips the cranking process with full force. The shifting of the starter pinion and the switching of the starter motor are improved by providing that the starter motor (SM) with the starting signal (st) drives the starter pinion initially via a protective resistor (Rvor) with reduced torque, and the engagement magnet (EM) shifts it into the gear ring of the engine, and that after that, the engagement magnet (EM) presses the starter pinion all the way into the gear ring of the engine, and the starter motor (SM) turns the engine over with full torque by bypassing the protective resistor (Rvor).

Abstract: A current measuring module for a starter device of an internal combustion engine has a measuring device which measures a starter current of a starter motor, a soft-iron core which at least partly surrounds a conductor carrying a starter current and carries a magnetic field sensor, and control electronics controlled by the magnetic field sensor and generating a control signal for switching off the starter motor when a switch-off current of the starter motor is reached.

Abstract: The starting device for starting an internal combustion engine includes a starter motor (12) with a pinion for cranking the internal combustion engine; a voltage source (40) for the starter motor; a starter relay (14) for connecting and disconnecting the voltage source to and from the starter motor and an electronic relay (32) for triggering the starter relay according to control signals from the motor controller (50). The electronic relay (32) is mounted on the starter motor or in the starter relay. The electronic relay (32) includes a power module (34) with a redundancy circuit including two transistors (144', 144") coupled with each other by a logic circuit for preventing starter operation when one of the two transistors is defective.