Abstract: The apparatus for controlling an electrical starter motor for cranking a cranking mechanism of an internal combustion engine to start the engine includes a circuit for making an electrical connection between a voltage source and the starter motor by which the starter motor is coupled with a cranking gear of the engine by means of a shiftable transmission when the circuit is energized and an electronic control unit for controlling at least one of a voltage, a current and an on-time of the electrical starter motor in a stepwise manner in a two-stage control process including a first stage in which the starter motor is coupled with the cranking gear and operated at a reduced rotation speed to reduce wear. The electronic control unit is electrically connected between the voltage source and the starter motor and is an electronic relay that includes a central processing unit and at least two electronic power switches for switching the voltage of the starter motor.

Abstract: In a fuel supply system for an internal combustion engine, significant parameters such as fuel pressure and fuel flow rate are determined continuously from measured variables with the aid of an observer. These variables which have been determined are used to achieve fuel delivery performed with regard to a requirement, the control operations being carried out as a function of requirements of the internal combustion engine by the control unit itself.

Abstract: In a method for controlling the frequency of a traveling wave motor, in which an actual value proportional to the actual frequency of the excitation alternating voltage of the traveling wave motor (10) is obtained from the amplitude of an alternating voltage (sense voltage) tapped from the amplitude of a stator (11) of the traveling wave motor (10). The actual value is compared with the desired frequency of the proportional desired value and the excitation frequency is corrected with the deviation which was subjected to suitable control algorithm. In order to stop the traveling wave motor (10) at a stable operating point at maximal performance, the desired value is derived from the amplitude modulation of the sense voltage. This desired value is obtained in a superimposed control loop in which the sense voltage is demodulated, rectified and compared with a predetermined desired amplitude modulation value.

Abstract: A disk brake having an electromagnetic friction clutch that can be brought into controllable frictional engagement with a brake disk. The friction clutch can act on a device for generating hydraulic pressure independent of the direction of rotation, and this pressure can act upon a clamping device for operating friction linings. To press the friction linings against the brake disk, energy is taken from the rotating vehicle wheel by means of the friction clutch and metered to the clamping device with pressure fluid as the energy carrier. The friction brake can be used in passenger cars, for example.

Abstract: A disk brake has an electromagnetic friction clutch that is brought into controllable frictional engagement with a brake disk. The friction clutch is in form-fitting rotational engagement with a piston of a clamping device for the friction linings associated with the brake disk, the piston is axially displaceable by a key driver that is independent of the direction of rotation. To press the friction linings against the brake disk, energy is provided by the rotating vehicle wheel by the friction clutch and metered to the clamping device. The friction brake can be used in passenger cars, for example.

Abstract: A vibration motor having a disk-shaped stator containing a piezoelectric excitation system, a disk-shaped rotor aligned parallel to the stator and mounted on a driven shaft in a manner fixed against relative rotation, and a pressing element that presses the rotor and stator together axially. To assure free travel of the driven shaft when the motor is currentless, the pressing element is embodied as a force-transmitting element that changes shape as a function of temperature, for instance a compression spring of memory metal. In motor operation, the element is kept at a temperature above its temperature point for the shape change, and it is disposed such that the pressing force between the rotor and stator diminishes as a result of the shape change ensuing if the temperature drops below this temperature point.

Abstract: An adjuster for an adjusting device which pivots about a pivot shaft, particularly for a throttle valve of an internal combustion engine. The adjuster has an electric control motor for pivoting the adjusting device and a safety restoring unit for moving the adjusting device to a defined basic position upon an interruption to the supply of power to the control motor. To produce the power consumed by the control motor and associated with this to reduce its structural size and weight, the restoring unit is embodied such that its restoring force acting upon the adjusting device is effective solely upon an interruption to the supply of power to the control motor.

Abstract: A hydraulic shock absorber with automatically adjustable damper force which actuates an electromagnetic rotary adjuster for a control slide that monitors a sole flow cross section. The rotary adjuster is embodied as a permanently excited single-winding rotary adjuster, and because of its permanent magnetic poles in the rotor, even when it is currentless it furnishes a torque that assures safety resetting of the rotary adjuster if the current fails. The hydraulic shock absorber is intended for controlling the undercarriage of a motor vehicle.