Abstract: The present invention relates to catalysts for hydrodesulfurizing naphtha streams. The catalysts are comprised of a suitable support material, and about 1 to about 10 wt. % MoO.sub.3, about 0.1 to about 5 wt. % CoO supported on a suitable support material. They are also characterized as having an average medium pore diameter from about 60 .ANG. to 200 .ANG., a Co/Mo atomic ratio of about 0.1 to about 1.0, a MoO.sub.3 surface concentration of about 0.5.times.10.sup.-4 to about 3.0.times.10.sup.-4 g MoO.sub.3 /m.sup.2, and an average particle size of less than about 2.0 mm in diameter.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the preparation of catalysts for heteroatom removal, particularly sulfur, from petroleum and synthetic fuel feedstocks. The catalyst is comprised of at least one Group VIII metal, and at least one Group VI metal, on a refractory support. The catalyst is prepared by: impregnating an inorganic oxide support material with a Group VI heteropolyacid; treating said impregnated support with an aqueous solution of a reducing agent which is capable of at least partially reducing the Group VI metal of the heteropolyacid; drying said treated support at a temperature from about 20.degree. C. to about 200.degree. C. at about atmospheric pressure; impregnating the treated support with a Group VIII metal salt of an acid having an acidity less than that of the Group VI heteropolyacid; drying said impregnated treated support at a temperature from about 20.degree. C. to about 200.degree. C. at about atmospheric pressure; and sulfiding said impregnated support, thereby forming the catalysts.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of catalysts for heteroatom removal, particularly sulfur, from petroleum and synthetic fuel feedstocks. The catalyst is comprised of at least one Group VIII metal, and at least one Group VI metal, on a refractory support. The present method for preparing said catalysts comprises impregnating the Group VIII metal onto the refractory support by use of a Group VIII metal salt of an acid, and impregnating the Group VI metal onto the support by way of a Group VI heteropolyacid, wherein the acid comprising the salt of the Group VIII metal is less acidic than the heteropolyacid. The catalysts are then subjected to a heat treatment which includes a first phase wherein the catalyst is dried of free water and a second phase wherein the catalyst is heated to a temperature up to about 300.degree. C. at a heating rate from about 0.15.degree. C./min to about 15.degree. C./min.

Abstract: A hydrotreating process using a sulfided catalyst composition comprised of at least one Group VIII metal and at least one Group VI metal on an inorganic oxide support, which sulfided catalyst is derived from a catalyst precursor comprised of salts and/or complexes of a Group VIII metal(s) with a Group VI metal heteropolyacid on an inorganic oxide support material, wherein the concentration of Group VIII metal ranges from about 2 to 20 wt. %, and the concentration of Group VI metal ranges from 5 to 50 wt. %, which percents are on support and which catalyst composition is substantially free of free water.

Abstract: A catalyst composition having superior hydrotreating activity which catalyst is comprised of salts and/or complexes of Group VIII metals with Group VI metal heteropolyacids on an inorganic oxide support material, wherein the concentration of Group VIII metal ranges from about 2 to 20 wt. %, and the concentration of Group VI metal ranges from 5 to 50 wt. %, which percents are on support and which catalyst composition is substantially free of free water.

Abstract: Disclosed is a catalytic process for hydroconverting heavy hydrocarbonaceous feedstocks to lower boiling products wherein a catalyst precursor concentrate or catalyst concentrate is first prepared in a heavy oil medium then fed to a hydroconversion zone which may also contain a supported hydrotreating catalyst. The hydroconversion zone may be operated in either slurry or ebullating bed mode.

Abstract: A method for preparing a sulfided molybdenum catalyst concentrate which method comprises: (a) forming a precursor catalyst concentrate by mixing together: (i) a hydrocarbonaceous oil comprising constituents boiling above about 1050.degree. F.; (ii) a metal compound, said metal being selected from the group consisting of Groups II, III, IV, V, VIB, VIIB, and VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements, in an amount to provide from about 0.2 to 2 wt. % metal, based on said hydrocarbonaceous oil; and (iii) elemental sulfur in an amount such that the atomic ratio of sulfur to metal is from about 1/1 to 8/1; and (b) heating the mixture to an effective temperature to produce a catalyst concentrate.

Abstract: A process for converting a heavy hydrocarbonaceous chargestock to lower boiling products which process comprises reacting the chargestock with a catalyst concentrate in the presence of hydrogen, at hydroconversion conditions, said catalyst concentrate having been prepared by the steps comprising: (a) forming a precursor catalyst concentrate by mixing together: (i) a hydrocarbonaceous oil comprising constituents boiling above about 1050.degree. F.; (ii) a metal compound, said metal being selected from the group consisting of Groups II, III, IV, V, VIB, VIIB, and VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements, in an amount to provide from about 0.2 to 2 wt. % metal, based on said hydrocarbonaceous oil; (b) heating the precursor concentrate to an effective temperature to produce a catalyst concentrate, wherein elemental sulfur is used an a sulfiding agent in an amount such that the atomic ratio of sulfur to metal is from about 1/1 to 8/1.

Abstract: A method of reducing the concentration of metal contaminants, such as vanadium and nickel, in distillates of a fossil fuel feedstock is disclosed. The method comprises producing a selected distillate fraction and demetallizing this distillate by suitable means, thereby upgrading and making it suitable for use as feed to a catalytic cracker.

Abstract: A method of reducing the concentration of metal contaminants, such as vanadium and nickel, in a petroleum distillate or other hydrocarbonaceous liquid is disclosed. The method comprises demetallizing the distillate over an activated-carbon supported vanadium catalyst.

Abstract: A hydrocarbonaceous feed, such as petroleum vacuum distillation bottoms, is upgraded by a combination coking and catalytic slurry hydroconversion process wherein a bottoms fraction from coking is passed to a slurry hydroconversion zone, and the bottoms fraction from the slurry hydroconversion zone is also passed thorugh a microfiltration system to remove catalyst particles.

Abstract: An improved process is provided for hydroconverting of coal in which a hydrocarbon-dispersible chromium compound is mixed with a hydrocarbonaceous material, in the absence of coal, to form a high metals-containing catalyst precursor concentrate which is heated in the presence of a hydrogen sulfide-containing gas to form a solid chromium-containing catalyst. A portion of the concentrate containing the catalyst is introduced into a diluent to which coal is added or in which coal is present. The resulting mixture is subjected to hydroconversion conditions to convert the coal to a hydrocarbonaceous oil product.

Abstract: A slurry catalytic hydroconversion process comprising at least two hydroconversion zones is provided in which the heavy hydrocarbonaceous fresh oil feed is added to more than one hydroconversion zone. Additional portions of catalysts or catalyst precursors are also added to the first hydroconversion zone and to additional hydroconversion zones.

Abstract: A slurry catalytic hydroconversion process comprising at least two hydroconversion zones is provided in which the heavy hydrocarbonaceous fresh oil feed is added to more than one hydroconversion zone. Additional portions of catalysts or catalyst precursors are also added to the first hydroconversion zone and to additional hydroconversion zones wherein said additional hydroconversion zones are maintained at a temperature of at least 10.degree. F. higher than an immediate preceding hydroconversion zone.

Abstract: A carbonaceous feed, such as a heavy hydrocarbonaceous oil or coal and mixtures thereof, is upgraded by a combination coking and catalytic slurry hydroconversion process which may be integrated with a deasphalting process.

Abstract: An improved method of preparing a catalyst from a catalyst precursor concentrate is provided. The catalyst precursor concentrate, which is preferably phosphomolybdic acid, is treated at relatively low pressures in a specified manner.

Abstract: Hydroconversion processes utilizing a catalyst prepared from a catalyst precursor concentrate such as phosphomolybdic acid, is provided. The catalyst precursor concentrate is treated at relatively low pressures in a specified manner.

Abstract: Slurry hydroconversion processes utilizing an aqueous solution of phosphomolybdic acid as catalyst precursor, which is subsequently converted to a solid molybdenum-containing catalyst, are improved when the catalyst precursor aqueous solution comprises a specified concentration of molybdenum derived from the phosphomolybdic acid. The improved hydroconversion processes and the improved method of preparing the catalyst are provided.

Abstract: Hydroconversion processes for converting oil, coal or mixtures thereof are provided utilizing a catalyst prepared by first forming an aqueous solution of phosphomolybdic acid and phosphoric acid at a specified ratio of atoms of P/Mo, and subsequently adding this solution to a hydrocarbon material, followed by heating in the presence of H.sub.2 and/or H.sub.2 S to form a solid molybdenum and phosphorus-containing catalyst.

Abstract: A catalyst is prepared by adding a water soluble aliphatic polyhydroxy compound such as a polyhydroxy alcohol or a carbohydrate (e.g., sucrose) to an aqueous solution of chromic acid and subsequently introducing the resulting mixture into a hydrocarbon material. The hydrocarbon-containing mixture is heated in the presence of hydrogen sulfide to convert the chromium catalyst precursor to a solid chromium-containing catalyst. Hydroconversion processes utilizing the catalyst to convert oil, coal, and mixtures thereof are also provided.