Abstract: Systems, methods and devices for use in measuring current through a conductor are provided. One example current device includes a first sensor configured to measure a first magnetic flux provided from a conductor and to generate a first signal proportional to the first magnetic flux, and a second sensor configured to measure a second magnetic flux provided from the conductor and to generate a second signal proportional to the second magnetic flux. The second sensor is spaced apart from the first sensor by a predetermined distance. The current device further includes a processor configured to determine, based on the first signal, the second signal and the predetermined distance, a radius between the conductor and at least one of the first sensor and the second sensor.

Abstract: A system includes a sensor configured to provide a signal related to an operating condition of a component, a memory for storing values representative of the operating condition, and a processor coupled to the sensor and to the memory. The processor is programmed to calculate a first value of the operating condition during a first period of time based on the stored values, calculate a second value of the operating condition during a second period of time using the first value, and determine a status of the component using the second value.

Abstract: A method of improved reduced energy let through (RELT) mode selection in a switching apparatus includes receiving a request to disable a RELT mode of the switching apparatus, and, if the RELT mode of the switching apparatus is active, increasing a current threshold of the switching apparatus after a configurable amount of time has elapsed from the receipt of the request to disable the RELT mode.

Abstract: A trip unit for a circuit breaker having at least one sensor for monitoring a current in a protected circuit and a tripping system is provided. The trip unit includes a first controller operably coupled to receive a current signal from the at least one sensor and electrically coupled to the tripping system. The first controller includes a first processor that transmits a first signal to the tripping system in response to a detection of a first undesired condition. A second controller is operably coupled to receive the current signal from the at least one sensor and is electrically coupled to the tripping system in parallel with the first controller. The second controller includes a second processor that detects the first condition and transmits a second signal to the tripping system after a predetermined first time period.

Abstract: A circuit protection system includes a first current sensing device operative to measure a current of a first phase of a voltage source, a second current sensing device operative to measure a current of a second phase of a voltage source, and a logic portion communicatively connected to the first current sensing device and the second current sensing device, the logic portion operative to receive measured currents from the first current sensing device and the second current sensing device, determine whether the measured current of the first phase is less than a threshold current value during a time period, and output an indication that a short exists in the first phase of the voltage source responsive to determining that the measured current of the first phase is not less than the threshold current value during the time period.

Abstract: A diagnostic system and a diagnostic method for a thermistor amplifier circuit are provided. The system includes a transistor electrically coupled to a controllable variable resistor having a predetermined resistance. The transistor applies a test voltage signal to the circuit indicative of a first temperature value. An amplitude of the test voltage value is indicative of a simulated thermistor temperature value. The microprocessor determines a test temperature value based on the amplitude of an output voltage of the circuit. The microprocessor also determines an inaccuracy value based on the test temperature value and the simulated thermistor temperature value.

Abstract: A circuit protection system includes a processor, a current sensing device having a first node and a second node, a current sensing circuit connected to the first node and the second node, the current sensing circuit operative to output a voltage indicative of a current sensed by the current sensing device to the processor, and a connection verification portion connected to the first node, the second node, and the processor, the connection verification portion operative to induce a current through the current sensing device.

Abstract: A circuit protection device includes a trip mechanism and at least one capacitor configured to store electrical energy and to provide the electrical energy to the trip mechanism. The circuit protection device also includes a controller communicatively coupled to the at least one capacitor and configured to measure a charge property of the at least one capacitor, compare the measured charge property to a threshold, and output a signal indicative of the comparison.

Abstract: A circuit breaker apparatus is provided and includes a trip mechanism which is coupled to an electrical circuit and which is configured to interrupt an operation of the electrical circuit when the trip mechanism is actuated, an electronic trip unit in signal communication with and configured to actuate the trip mechanism when pre-selected conditions are satisfied, and a rating plug coupled to the electronic trip unit and configured to operate in a first mode in response to a receipt of a transmitted control signal at the rating plug, and to otherwise operate in a second mode, the first and second modes being respectively associated with first and second ones of the pre-selected conditions to be correspondingly transmitted to the electronic trip unit by which the electronic trip unit determines whether to actuate the trip mechanism.

Abstract: A power circuit protection system includes a current sensor configured to measure a first current level through a conductor of the circuit, a voltage sensor configured to measure a first voltage level across a plurality of conductors of the circuit, and a controller communicatively coupled to the current sensor and to the voltage sensor. The controller is configured to receive a first signal from the current sensor, wherein the first signal is representative of the first current level, and receive a second signal from the voltage sensor, wherein the second signal is representative of the first voltage level. Based on the first signal and the second signal, the controller is configured to determine whether to activate a first circuit protection device or a second circuit protection device.

Abstract: A restored metallic extrusion processing element comprises a tubular metal core around which is consolidated a powdered metal extrusion component that includes metallurgically bonded interior shell and exterior working portions. The interior shell portion covers the core and is characterized by a first multiple-crystalline microstructure, and the exterior working portion is characterized by a second multiple crystalline microstructure of densified powdered metal particles. The exterior working portion has an outside surface including outer working surface features that extend along the length of the extrusion processing element. A bond interface of metallurgical type defines a crystalline microstructure boundary between the first and second multiple-crystalline microstructures.

Abstract: An electronic trip unit which includes a processing unit and a comparator circuit. The processing unit receives an input voltage, and a reset signal to reset the electronic trip unit, and generates a trip signal when sensed current of the electronic trip unit exceeds a predetermined threshold. The comparator circuit includes a first comparator which receives the trip signal from the processing unit and compares the trip signal with a predetermined reference voltage determined based on the reset signal, and a second comparator which compares a voltage generated by a power supply with the predetermined reference voltage. The comparator circuit determines whether the trip signal is for a valid trip event based comparison results of the first comparator and the second comparator.

Abstract: A method of improved reduced energy let through (RELT) mode selection in a switching apparatus includes receiving a request to disable a RELT mode of the switching apparatus, and, if the RELT mode of the switching apparatus is active, increasing a current threshold of the switching apparatus after a configurable amount of time has elapsed from the receipt of the request to disable the RELT mode.

Abstract: A circuit breaker apparatus is provided and includes a trip mechanism which is coupled to an electrical circuit and which is configured to interrupt an operation of the electrical circuit when the trip mechanism is actuated, an electronic trip unit in signal communication with and configured to actuate the trip mechanism when pre-selected conditions are satisfied, and a rating plug coupled to the electronic trip unit and configured to operate in a first mode in response to a receipt of a transmitted control signal at the rating plug, and to otherwise operate in a second mode, the first and second modes being respectively associated with first and second ones of the pre-selected conditions to be correspondingly transmitted to the electronic trip unit by which the electronic trip unit determines whether to actuate the trip mechanism.

Abstract: An electronic trip unit which includes a processing unit and a comparator circuit. The processing unit receives an input voltage, and a reset signal to reset the electronic trip unit, and generates a trip signal when sensed current of the electronic trip unit exceeds a predetermined threshold. The comparator circuit includes a first comparator which receives the trip signal from the processing unit and compares the trip signal with a predetermined reference voltage determined based on the reset signal, and a second comparator which compares a voltage generated by a power supply with the predetermined reference voltage. The comparator circuit determines whether the trip signal is for a valid trip event based comparison results of the first comparator and the second comparator.

Abstract: A method for recording and having analyzed waveform data associated with an electronic circuit breaker having an electronic trip unit is disclosed. The electronic trip unit has a communication port and is capable of providing to the communication port a first signal representative of a phase current passing through the circuit breaker, and a second signal representative of a conditional event at the circuit breaker. The method includes facilitating the connection of a waveform recorder device to the communication port of the electronic trip unit; facilitating recording in a first memory of the waveform recorder device in a circular queue fashion information relating to the first signal received from the electronic trip unit; and, in response to the second signal received from the electronic trip unit, facilitating the stopping of the recording in the first memory.

Abstract: A waveform recorder device for mounting to an electronic circuit breaker having an electronic trip unit and a communication port is disclosed. The device includes a connector configured to connect with the communication port, and a processing circuit in signal communication with the connector. The processing circuit is responsive to instructions which, when executed by the processing circuit, facilitate responding to a conditional signal received from the circuit breaker, and in response thereto recording waveform information arising from an additional signal received from the circuit breaker.

Abstract: A circuit breaker configured to be remotely operated is disclosed. The circuit breaker includes a set of main contacts configured to connect between an electrical source and an electrical load, an operating mechanism in operable communication to open and close the main contacts, and a remotely operable drive system configured to open and close the main contacts separate from actuation of the operating mechanism. The drive system includes a motor responsive to first and second control signals, a primary drive responsive to the motor, and an opening spring responsive to the primary drive, the main contacts being responsive to the opening spring. In response to the first control signal, the primary drive moves to charge the opening spring, and in response to the second control signal and the main contacts being closed, the primary drive moves to allow the opening spring to discharge thereby resulting in the main contacts opening independent of the motor.

Abstract: A serrated kneading disk including a body having a perimeter that is an ellipse having truncated ends, the curved elliptical portions forming flanks and the truncated ends forming crests. The crests are curved to form the arc of a circle having a radius substantially the same as the radius of the bore of the extruder barrel with which the disk is to be used. The disk body has a cylindrical passageway extending through the middle thereof, the passageway having a configuration adapted to allow the kneading disks to be lockingly engaged on the shaft of an extruder screw. A plurality of grooves are formed in the flanks and crests. A serrated kneading block can be formed from a plurality of the serrated kneading disks, or formed as a single body having a plurality of lobes, each lobe being substantially identical to the serrated kneading disk.

Abstract: A tip adapted to be mounted to the downstream end of an extruder screw. The tip includes a nose section and an extruder screw mount section. The nose section includes an upstream face and a first and second downstream faces. The upstream face has a major plane that is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tip, is substantially flat, and has a substantially circular perimeter. The first and second downstream faces have major planes that are substantially flat. The major plane of the first downstream face is at an angle to the major plane of the second downstream face whereby they meet at a juncture located at the outer end of the tip. The extruder screw mount section includes means for attaching the tip to the extruder screw.