Abstract: The present disclosure discloses an apparatus and method for sealing a pouch case that optimizes a sealing shape or structure of a sealing portion at an inner side of the pouch case to ensure insulation of a secondary battery. The apparatus for sealing a pouch case of a pouch-type secondary battery according to the present disclosure includes an upper compression jig to apply pressure to a sealing portion of the pouch case in a downward direction, and a lower compression jig to apply pressure to the sealing portion of the pouch case in an upward direction, and at least one of the upper compression jig and the lower compression jig applies the pressure to the pouch case at different depths at an inner side end and an outer side end.

Abstract: Provided are an anode for a secondary battery including an anode collector, an anode active material coated on the anode collector, and a non-coating portion (anode tab) which protrudes from one side of the anode collector and is not coated with an anode active material, wherein the anode includes a metal member which is bonded to the non-coating portion and has higher reactivity or reducibility with respect to a metal oxide than the anode collector, and a secondary battery including the anode.

Abstract: A lithium ion secondary battery including a compound containing at least one thiol group (—SH) in a molecule in a unit cell of the battery is provided. By including the compound containing thiol group (—SH) having good reactivity with copper or copper ions, the formation of dendrite through the reduction of copper ions present in the inner portion of the battery or produced during operating the battery at the surface of an anode may be prevented. The internal short between two electrodes due to the dendrite may be also prevented.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a battery temperature adjusting system including: a battery unit having a heating pad; a leading wire connected to the battery unit; and a current induction unit surrounding the leading wire, wherein the current induction unit is electrically connected to the heating pad. The battery temperature adjusting system according to the present invention generates the induced current by applying the current induction unit surrounding the leading wire connected to the battery unit, and increases the temperature of the battery unit by supplying the induced current to the heating pad, thereby obtaining a desired battery output in a low-temperature region even without the use of an external power source.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a battery temperature adjusting system including: a battery unit having a heating pad; a leading wire connected to the battery unit; and a current induction unit surrounding the leading wire, wherein the current induction unit is electrically connected to the heating pad. The battery temperature adjusting system according to the present invention generates the induced current by applying the current induction unit surrounding the leading wire connected to the battery unit, and increases the temperature of the battery unit by supplying the induced current to the heating pad, thereby obtaining a desired battery output in a low-temperature region even without the use of an external power source.

Abstract: Provided is a secondary battery, comprising an electrode assembly including a first electrode plate, a second electrode plate and a separator; and a case having a receiving portion for receiving the electrode assembly and an electrolyte therein, the secondary battery comprising: a blowing agent applied onto at least one of a first tab and a second tab in a width direction of the tab, the first and second tabs being, respectively, connected to the first and second electrode plates and connected to leads which extend through the case.

Abstract: Provided is a positive electrode active material. The positive electrode active material includes: a small-diameter active material having an average particle diameter of about 0.5 ?m and a maximum particle diameter of less than about 1 ?m; and a large-diameter active material having an average particle diameter of about 5 ?m to about 20 ?m and a maximum particle diameter of less than about 100 ?m.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for preventing an attempt to perform malicious activities using web browser weaknesses are provided. A file protection module monitors attempts to access at least one file resource when the web browser executes a program, and allows or denies access. A registry protection module monitors attempts to access at least one registry resource when the web browser executes a program, and allows or denies access. A process protection module monitors attempts to execute or terminate at least one process when the web browser executes a program, and allows or denies the execution or termination.

Abstract: Provided is a positive electrode active material. The positive electrode active material includes: a small-diameter active material having an average particle diameter of about 0.5 ?m and a maximum particle diameter of less than about 1 ?m; and a large-diameter active material having an average particle diameter of about 5 ?m to about 20 ?m and a maximum particle diameter of less than about 100 ?m.

Abstract: Provided is a novel structural electric device having improved safety. More particularly, provided is a novel structural electric device devised to resolve several issues regarding heat generation, ignition, and explosion, which may be caused by a sharp needle-shaped object penetrating an electric device.

Abstract: Provided are an electrode lead of a secondary battery where a protection layer for anti-corrosion is selectively formed at an electrode lead portion at the cell outside and a secondary battery including the same. Since a protection layer for anti-corrosion is selectively formed only on an electrode lead portion at the cell outside, the corrosion of the electrode lead may be prevented from an external environment and the resistance of a cell may be reduced simultaneously.

Abstract: Provided are a pouch-type secondary battery having improved safety, and a battery pack including the pouch-type secondary battery. When inner pressure of a pouch is increased by an overdischarge, the pouch is deformed to separate electrode leads from electrode tabs. When the secondary battery is manufactured, an additional material or device is unnecessary. In addition, since the pouch-type secondary battery fundamentally cuts off electric current when gas is generated therein, the service life and safety of the secondary battery can be significantly improved, and the manufacturing costs and the weight thereof can be reduced. Furthermore, the shape of the secondary battery can be easily modified.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and method of detecting and controlling a privilege level violation process. The apparatus monitors whether higher-privileged processes depend on information provided from lower-privileged objects or denies the higher-privileged processes to access the lower-privileged objects. The apparatus is provided in a process, and monitors whether a process accesses to a lower-privileged object. The apparatus gives a warning message or denies an access of the process to the lower-privileged object when it detects that the higher-privileged process access to the lower-privileged object. Therefore, the apparatus of detecting and controlling a privilege level violation process detects weaknesses that may be caused by privilege level violation, thus allowing a system to be safely operated.

Abstract: Provided are a file mutation method and a system using file section information and mutation rules. The file mutation system includes: a file section information extraction module obtaining file section information with respect to a sample file of a known file format; a file section information production module producing file section information with respect to a sample file of an unknown format; a mutation rule production module receiving a user input that a mutation rule is applied and producing a mutation rule, the mutation rule defining a mutation function that is to be applied to each data type; and a file mutation module receiving the sample file and producing a plurality of test case files that are created by mutating the sample file through the file section information processed in the file section information extraction module and the file section information production module and the mutation rule from the mutation rule production module.

Abstract: Provided is a secondary battery, comprising an electrode assembly including a first electrode plate, a second electrode plate and a separator; and a case having a receiving portion for receiving the electrode assembly and an electrolyte therein, the secondary battery comprising: a blowing agent applied onto at least one of a first tab and a second tab in a width direction of the tab, the first and second tabs being, respectively, connected to the first and second electrode plates and connected to leads which extend through the case.

Abstract: A semiconductor device and/or gate structure having a composite dielectric layer and methods of manufacturing the same is provided. In the semiconductor device, gate structure, and methods provided, a first conductive layer may be formed on a substrate. A native oxide layer formed on the first conductive layer may be removed. A surface of the first conductive layer may be nitrided so that the surface may be altered into a nitride layer. A composite dielectric layer including the first and/or second dielectric layers may be formed on the nitride layer. A second conductive layer may be formed on the composite dielectric layer. The first dielectric layer may include a material having a higher dielectric constant. The second dielectric layer may be capable of suppressing crystallization of the first dielectric layer.

Abstract: A semiconductor device and/or gate structure having a composite dielectric layer and methods of manufacturing the same is provided. In the semiconductor device, gate structure, and methods provided, a first conductive layer may be formed on a substrate. A native oxide layer formed on the first conductive layer may be removed. A surface of the first conductive layer may be nitrided so that the surface may be altered into a nitride layer. A composite dielectric layer including the first and/or second dielectric layers may be formed on the nitride layer. A second conductive layer may be formed on the composite dielectric layer. The first dielectric layer may include a material having a higher dielectric constant. The second dielectric layer may be capable of suppressing crystallization of the first dielectric layer.

Abstract: Methods of forming a zirconium hafnium oxide thin layer on a semiconductor substrate by supplying tetrakis(ethylmethylamino)zirconium ([Zr{N(C2H5)(CH3)}4], TEMAZ) and tetrakis(ethylmethylamino)hafnium ([Hf{N(C2H5)(CH3)}4], TEMAH) to a substrate are provided. The TEMAZ and the TEMAH may be reacted with an oxidizing agent. The thin layer including zirconium hafnium oxide may be used for a gate insulation layer in a gate structure, a dielectric layer in a capacitor, or a dielectric layer in a flash memory device.

Abstract: A semiconductor device and/or gate structure having a composite dielectric layer and methods of manufacturing the same is provided. In the semiconductor device, gate structure, and methods provided, a first conductive layer may be formed on a substrate. A native oxide layer formed on the first conductive layer may be removed. A surface of the first conductive layer may be nitrided so that the surface may be altered into a nitride layer. A composite dielectric layer including the first and/or second dielectric layers may be formed on the nitride layer. A second conductive layer may be formed on the composite dielectric layer. The first dielectric layer may include a material having a higher dielectric constant. The second dielectric layer may be capable of suppressing crystallization of the first dielectric layer.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for preventing an attempt to perform malicious activities using web browser weaknesses are provided. A file protection module monitors attempts to access at least one file resource when the web browser executes a program, and allows or denies access. A registry protection module monitors attempts to access at least one registry resource when the web browser executes a program, and allows or denies access. A process protection module monitors attempts to execute or terminate at least one process when the web browser executes a program, and allows or denies the execution or termination.