Abstract: A virtual image display device includes a projection optical system that projects an image display light toward a virtual image presentation plate. The projection optical system includes a first concave mirror that reflects the image display light toward the virtual image presentation plate and a second concave mirror that reflects the image display light toward the first concave mirror. Defining a reference plane along both a direction of incidence and a direction of output of the image display light on the virtual image presentation, the first concave mirror is oriented such that the image display light is incident on the first concave mirror in a direction along the reference plane, and the second concave mirror is oriented such that the image display light is incident on the second concave mirror in a direction intersecting the reference plane.

Abstract: A virtual image display device includes a projection optical system that includes a projection mirror that projects an image display light toward a first concavely curved surface of a virtual image presentation plate. The projection mirror has a second concavely curved surface and is arranged such that a direction orthogonal to both a direction of incidence and a direction of reflection of the image display light on the first concavely curved surface and a direction orthogonal to both a direction of incidence and a direction of reflection of the image display light on the second concavely curved surface are orthogonal to each other. The display unit is provided at a focal point of a composite optical system within a meridional plane, the composite optical system being formed by the virtual image presentation plate and the projection optical system.

Abstract: A virtual image display device includes: a display unit that generates an image display light by modulating an illumination light; and a projection optical system that includes at least a concave mirror for reflecting the image display light toward a virtual image presentation plate. The display unit is provided at a position nearer a focal point within a meridional plane of a composite optical system formed by the virtual image presentation plate and the projection optical system than a focal point within a sagittal plane of the composite optical system.

Abstract: The present invention provides a housing for use in an underwater video camera which does not require a window comprised from a thick parallel flat plate and large scale pressure resistant sealing container and which can take 3D images in deep water or hadal zone. A housing for an underwater video camera formed from a glass hollow sphere for housing an imaging video camera including filling a roughly spherical segmental shape correction lens to a spherical segment enclosed by a cutting plane parallel to a lens surface of an imaging lens of the imaging video camera housed inside the glass hollow sphere, the cutting plane being a flat surface facing the lens surface and an inner surface of a spherical crown of the glass hollow sphere cut out using the cutting plane.

Abstract: The present invention provides a housing for use in an underwater video camera which does not require a window comprised from a thick parallel flat plate and large scale pressure resistant sealing container and which can take 3D images in deep water or hadal zone. A housing for an underwater video camera formed from a glass hollow sphere for housing an imaging video camera including filling a roughly spherical segmental shape correction lens to a spherical segment enclosed by a cutting plane parallel to a lens surface of an imaging lens of the imaging video camera housed inside the glass hollow sphere, the cutting plane being a flat surface facing the lens surface and an inner surface of a spherical crown of the glass hollow sphere cut out using the cutting plane.

Abstract: An electric motor is controlled based on an operation of a brake pedal to move a primary piston forward through a ball screw mechanism, thereby generating a hydraulic pressure in a master cylinder. At this time, a reaction force from the hydraulic pressure in the master cylinder is fed back to the brake pedal through an input piston. Automatic brake control, which generates the hydraulic pressure by driving the electric motor regardless of whether there is the operation of the brake pedal, is carried out. During the automatic brake control, an actual relative position is compared with a determination threshold value set based on the relative position between the primary piston and the input piston which is generated by a movement of the primary piston, and it is determined that the brake pedal is operated in a case where the relative position is smaller than the determination threshold value.

Abstract: A brake control system displaces a primary piston by controlling an operation of the electric motor by a master pressure control unit according to the operation amount (Xop) of the brake pedal, thereby generating a hydraulic pressure in the master cylinder to supply it to wheel cylinders (Ba to Bd). The master pressure control unit sets a target relative displacement (?XT) between an input piston and the primary piston and a target hydraulic pressure (PT) in the master cylinder, and appropriately switch which is used to control a brake force. During regenerative cooperation, the master pressure control unit selects the control with use of the target hydraulic pressure, which enables easy execution of a hydraulic pressure control including a subtraction of the hydraulic pressure corresponding to a brake effect from the regenerative cooperation.

Abstract: Provided is an electric booster, including: an input member moved forward and backward by an operation of a brake pedal; a boosting member provided so as to be movable relative to the input member; an electric actuator for driving the boosting member; and a controller for controlling actuation of the electric actuator based on the movement of the input member, in which the controller executes changing control for changing a ratio of a movement amount of the boosting member to a movement amount of the input member to a smaller ratio before an output of the electric actuator increases to come into a full-load state in which the output of the electric actuator becomes equal to a maximum output by the forward movement of the input member.

Abstract: A brake apparatus capable of preventing generation of an unintended brake force. The brake apparatus includes an input member configured to be moved forward and backward by an operation of a brake pedal, a stroke detector for detecting an operation stroke of the input member, and a controller for controlling an actuator based on a detection result of the stroke detector. When the controller is set into the controllable state, the controller sets a stored initial base position as a control base position of the stroke detector to control the actuator based on the detection value of the stroke detector, and each time the input member is moved backward beyond the control base position, the controller updates the control base position of the stroke detector to a position of the input member at that time.

Abstract: An electric motor is controlled based on an operation of a brake pedal to move a primary piston forward through a ball screw mechanism, thereby generating a hydraulic pressure in a master cylinder. At this time, a reaction force from the hydraulic pressure in the master cylinder is fed back to the brake pedal through an input piston. Automatic brake control, which generates the hydraulic pressure by driving the electric motor regardless of whether there is the operation of the brake pedal, is carried out. During the automatic brake control, an actual relative position is compared with a determination threshold value set based on the relative position between the primary piston and the input piston which is generated by a movement of the primary piston, and it is determined that the brake pedal is operated in a case where the relative position is smaller than the determination threshold value.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to simplify a control during regenerative cooperation in a brake control system generating a hydraulic pressure in a master cylinder by displacing a piston with use of an electric actuator according an operation amount of a brake pedal. The brake control system displaces the primary piston 8 by controlling an operation of the electric motor 22 by a master pressure control unit 4 according to the operation amount Xop of the brake pedal 19, thereby generating a hydraulic pressure in the master cylinder 2 to supply it to wheel cylinders Ba to Bd. The master pressure control unit 4 sets a target relative displacement ?XT between an input piston 17 and the primary piston 8 and a target hydraulic pressure PT in the master cylinder 2, and appropriately switch which is used to control a brake force.

Abstract: With the conventional technique, pixels can display different levels of grayscale resulting from irregularity of a relation in terms of position among selected sub-fields, when the same level of grayscale is displayed. The invention provides a pixel driving method that can include a selecting step of sequentially selecting, according to grayscale data, a plurality of first sub-field periods continuous with respect to one another and a plurality of second sub-field periods continuous with respect to one another and following consecutively the plurality of first sub-field periods in a direction moving away from a boundary of the plurality of first sub-field periods and the plurality of second sub-field periods, which is given as the origin, and a driving step of switching ON pixels during the selected sub-field periods.

Abstract: Provided are a positive resist composition for recording medium master showing excellent plating resistance and adhesion to a base plate such as glass or the like characterized by containing a vinyl polymer which has a monomer unit having an alkali-soluble group blocked by an alkyl vinyl ether, and a method of producing a recording medium master or stamper using this positive resist composition.

Abstract: Disclosed is a photocurable resin composition and photocurable dry film that are very useful for forming optical waveguides. The present invention provides a photocurable resin composition for forming an optical waveguide, comprising a carboxy-containing unsaturated resin (A) obtained by reacting a carboxy-containing resin (a) with an epoxy-containing unsaturated compound (b); and a solvent (B); and an optical waveguide-forming photocurable dry film formed using the resin composition.

Abstract: The present invention provides a photocurable resin composition for forming an optical waveguide, the composition comprising (A) a carboxy-containing unsaturated polyurethane resin obtained by reacting a polyisocyanate compound (a), a carboxy-containing polyol (b) and a hydroxy-containing unsaturated compound (c), and (B) a solvent; a photocurable dry film for forming an optical waveguide; and an optical waveguide.

Abstract: Disclosed are an active energy ray-curable resin composition, wherein when the active energy ray-curable resin composition is coated onto a substrate and made into a resist film with a predetermined thickness, a ratio (Y/X) of a quantity of a transmitted active energy ray (Y) after transmission through the resist film to a quantity of an initial active energy ray (X) on the surface of the resist film is 10% or less in a spectral sensitivity wavelength range of the resist film; and a method for forming a resist pattern by using this composition.

Abstract: A gas concentration detector prevents deviation in output due to a difference in oxygen reactivity between electrode materials to accurately detect a specific gas component in a gas to be measured, such as NOx in an exhaust gas. A sensor element in an NOx sensor has a pump cell in a first chamber and a sensor cell for decomposing NOx and any remaining oxygen and a monitor cell for decomposing only remaining oxygen in a second chamber. An NOx concentration is detected based on a difference in current output between the sensor cell and the monitor cell. Since the sensor cell and the monitor cell have different oxygen reactivities, an output of the monitor cell is smoothed through a band-pass filter or the like so that output responses of the sensor cell and the monitor cell are made to substantially match each other, thereby eliminating any deviation in output.

Abstract: If the amount of fuel added to exhaust gas becomes excessive as a result of an abnormality of an addition agent supply unit (60), the air-fuel ratio of exhaust as decreases. If an exhaust gas air-fuel ratio obtained from a value output from an A/F sensor (4) remains equal to or smaller than a predetermined value for a predetermined period, an ECU (2) determines that an addition agent supply unit (60) is abnormal. Upon detection of an abnormality of the addition agent supply unit (60), the ECU (2) incrteases an amount of EGR gas recirculated to the intake side by an EGR unit (40), reduces an amount of fuel injection from injectors (11), and restricts an operational state of an engine body (10) to a low-speed/low-load state. Also, the ECU (2) turns a warning lamp (7) on, warns a driver of the abnormality of the addition agent supply unit (60), and makes it possible to pull a vehicle over safely.

Abstract: If the amount of fuel added to exhaust gas becomes excessive as a result of an abnormality of an addition agent supply unit (60), the air-fuel ratio of exhaust as decreases. If an exhaust gas air-fuel ratio obtained from a value output from an A/F sensor (4) remains equal to or smaller than a predetermined value for a predetermined period, an ECU (2) determines that an addition agent supply unit (60) is abnormal. Upon detection of an abnormality of the addition agent supply unit (60), the ECU (2) incrteases an amount of EGR gas recirculated to the intake side by an EGR unit (40), reduces an amount of fuel injection from injectors (11), and restricts an operational state of an engine body (10) to a low-speed/low-load state. Also, the ECU (2) turns a warning lamp (7) on, warns a driver of the abnormality of the addition agent supply unit (60), and makes it possible to pull a vehicle over safely.

Abstract: A sensor element of a NOx sensor has a sensor cell for decomposing NOx and residual O2 admitted within the element and a monitor cell for decomposing only the residual O2. The NOx concentration is detected from a difference in an electric current output between the sensor cell and monitor cell. The tipping of the sensor element is protected by an element cover. The element cover has a plurality of side wall holes and at least one bottom wall hole. The side wall holes and bottom wall hole have diameters between 0.5 and 1.5 mm. A ratio of the diameter of the side wall holes to that of the bottom wall hole is between 0.5 and 1.5. This structure inhibits flow velocity variations within the element cover and output pulsation of the sensor cell and monitor cell, resulting in stabilizing the NOx output.