Abstract: A composition includes a templated metal oxide, at least 3 weight percent of silver, and at least one catalytic metal. A method of making and a method of using are included.

Abstract: A composition includes a templated metal oxide substrate having a plurality of pores and a catalyst material includes silver. The composition under H2 at 30 degrees Celsius, the composition at a wavelength that is in a range of from about 350 nm to about 500 nm has a VIS-UV absorbance intensity that is at least 20 percent less than a standard silver alumina catalyst (Ag STD). The standard alumina is Norton alumina, and which has the same amount of silver by weight.

Abstract: A carbon dioxide absorbent comprising a liquid, nonaqueous oligomeric material, functionalized with one or more groups that either reversibly react with CO2 or have a high-affinity for CO2 is provided. The absorbent may be utilized in methods to reduce carbon dioxide in an exhaust gas, and finds particular utility in power plants.

Abstract: A carbon dioxide absorbent comprising (i) a liquid, nonaqueous silicon-based material, functionalized with one or more groups that either reversibly react with CO2 or have a high-affinity for CO2 is provided and (ii) a hydroxy-containing solvent. The absorbent may be utilized in methods to reduce carbon dioxide in an exhaust gas, and finds particular utility in power plants.

Abstract: The present invention provides a formed catalyst comprising a binder, a zeolite, and a catalytic metal disposed on a porous inorganic material. The zeolite domains in the formed catalyst are substantially free of the catalytic metal which is disposed on and or within the porous inorganic material. The formed catalyst is in various embodiments an extrudate, a pellet, or a foamed material. In one embodiment, the catalytic metal is silver and the porous inorganic material is ?-alumina. The formed catalysts provided are useful in the reduction of NOx in combustion gas streams.

Abstract: A reductant producing apparatus and method is provided, the apparatus includes a catalyst attached to an encasement. The encasement has a first and second intake formed therein that are fluidly coupled to the catalyst. The first intake configured to allow entry of a hydrocarbon fuel into the encasement. The second intake is configured to allow entry of oxygen into the encasement. The catalyst is configured to catalyze an autothermal reaction to convert a mixture into a plurality of reductants comprising a plurality of hydrocarbons having a hydrocarbon chain length that is less than a hydrocarbon chain length of hydrocarbons in the hydrocarbon fuel. The mixture comprises the hydrocarbon fuel and the oxygen, and the mixture has a carbon-to-oxygen ratio that is greater than a one-to-one ratio.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a catalyst comprising a binder; and a catalytic composition, the catalytic composition comprising a first catalyst composition that comprises a zeolite; and a second catalyst composition that comprises a catalytic metal disposed upon a porous inorganic material, wherein the porous inorganic material is a metal oxide, an inorganic oxide, an inorganic carbide, an inorganic nitride, an inorganic hydroxide, an inorganic oxide having a hydroxide coating, an inorganic carbonitride, an inorganic oxynitride, an inorganic boride, an inorganic borocarbide, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing inorganic materials; wherein the catalyst is in the form of an extrudate or foam.

Abstract: A system includes a fuel converter comprising a catalyst composition, and the catalyst composition can convert fuel into a hydrocarbon reductant stream; a separation system that separates the hydrocarbon reductant stream into a first reductant sub-stream that comprises short chain hydrocarbon molecules, and a second reductant sub-stream that comprises long chain hydrocarbon molecules; a selective catalytic reduction catalyst reactor in fluid communication with the fuel converter, and the catalyst reactor has an inner surface that defines a first zone and a second zone, and the first zone is configured to receive the second reductant sub-stream, and the second zone is configured to receive the first reductant sub-stream; and an exhaust stream that flows into the first zone contacts the second reductant sub-stream before flowing into the second zone and contacting the first reductant sub-stream.

Abstract: An emission reduction apparatus is provided that includes a fuel conversion unit configured to convert a first portion of fuel from a fuel tank into a set of reducing agents that includes hydrogen, an exhaust path configured to convey an exhaust stream containing nitrogen oxides away from an engine, a transport system configured to transport each of a second portion of fuel from the fuel tank, the set of reducing agents, and the hydrogen into the exhaust path such that a mixture is formed, and the catalytic material configured to aid in a conversion of at least a portion of the nitrogen oxides in the exhaust stream of the mixture into nitrogen.

Abstract: A system includes an exhaust conduit configured to conduct a stream of exhaust gas, wherein the exhaust conduit comprises a selective catalytic reduction catalyst reactor comprising a first catalyst composition; an fuel source configured to introduce a fuel into the exhaust gas stream within the exhaust conduit upstream of the selective catalytic reduction catalyst reactor; a catalytic partial oxidation reformer in fluid communication with the exhaust gas stream and upstream from the selective catalytic reduction catalyst reactor, wherein the catalytic partial oxidation reformer can introduce a hydrogen-rich syngas co-reductant into the exhaust gas stream, when a temperature of the exhaust fluid is less than a determined threshold temperature.

Abstract: A catalyst system for the reduction of NOx is disclosed. One embodiment of the catalyst system is based on a catalyst in a first zone, including a catalyst support, gallium, and at least one promoting metal; and a catalyst in the second zone following the first zone. The second-zone catalyst includes a second catalyst support and a zeolite material. The catalyst system further includes a gas stream comprising an organic reductant, such as a hydrocarbon material or a compound containing oxygen or nitrogen. A method for reducing NOx, utilizing the catalyst system, is also described.

Abstract: A method comprising forming a slurry comprising a first catalyst composition, a second catalyst composition, and a solvent, wherein the first catalyst composition comprises a zeolite and the second catalyst composition comprises a second catalytic metal disposed upon a porous inorganic support; washcoating the slurry onto a substrate; and calcining the washcoated substrate.

Abstract: A method for making a catalyst includes providing a sol that sol includes a catalyst and a catalyst substrate; drying the sol via freeze-drying, spray drying, freeze granulation, or supercritical fluid drying to form a powder; mixing the powder with a solvent to form a slurry; and washcoating the slurry onto a catalyst support. Another method for making a catalyst includes providing a sol, wherein the sol includes a catalyst substrate; drying the sol via freeze-drying, spray drying, freeze granulation, or supercritical fluid drying to form a powder; mixing the powder with a solvent to form a slurry; washcoating the slurry onto a catalyst support; and depositing a catalyst onto the catalyst substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a catalytic composition comprising a first catalyst composition portion that comprises a zeolite; and a second catalyst composition portion that comprises a catalytic metal disposed upon a porous inorganic substrate; the first catalyst composition portion and the second catalyst composition portion being in an intimate mixture.

Abstract: Phosphor compositions having the formula (Ba,Sr,Ca)SiO4:Eu and light emitting devices including a semiconductor light source and the above phosphor. Also disclosed are blends of (Ba,Sr,Ca)SiO4:Eu and one or more additional phosphors and light emitting devices incorporating the same. Preferred blends include (Sr,Ba,Ca)2SiO4:Eu and at least one of (Sr,Mg,Ca,Ba,Zn)2P2O7:Eu,Mn; (Ca,Sr,Ba,Mg)5(PO4)3(Cl,F,OH):Eu,Mn; (Sr,Ba,Ca)MgAl10O17:Eu,Mn; and Mg4FGeO6:Mn4+; and one or more garnet phosphors having the general formula (Y,Gd,La,Lu,T,Pr,Sm)3(Al,Ga,In)5O12:Ce.

Abstract: A system is provided for operating a diesel engine with reduced emissions of NOx. The system comprises a fuel tank adapted to directly or indirectly supply a first premixed fuel stream and a second premixed fuel stream, wherein each fuel stream comprises a primary fuel component and a reductant component. An engine is in fluid communication with the fuel tank, whereby the engine is configured to receive the first premixed fuel stream and create an exhaust stream. The system includes an emission treatment unit to treat the exhaust stream, and a separation unit configured to receive the second premixed fuel stream. The separation unit is also configured to separate the second premixed fuel stream into a first fraction stream and a second fraction stream, and supply the first fraction stream to the exhaust stream. The first fraction stream comprises a higher concentration of the reductant component than the second fraction stream.

Abstract: A system is provided for the on-board production of reductants. The system comprises a fuel tank adapted to directly or indirectly supply a first fuel stream and a second fuel stream. An engine is in fluid communication with the fuel tank, and is configured to receive the first fuel stream and create an exhaust stream. The system further includes an emission treatment unit to treat the exhaust stream. A fuel conversion unit is configured to receive the second fuel stream, and also receive a stream comprising oxygen to partially oxidize at least a portion of the second fuel stream thereby forming reductants. In addition, the fuel conversion unit is configured to supply a reductant stream comprising the reductants to the exhaust stream. The invention further provides a method for the on-board production of reductants including supplying a first fuel stream to an engine, wherein the engine is configured to create an exhaust stream.

Abstract: The present invention provides a catalyst composition prepared by combining (A) at least one salt and (B) at least one organic sulfur compound. The salt includes a metal cation of a metal selected from the group consisting of copper, nickel, cobalt, manganese, molybdenum, zirconium, titanium, vanadium, niobium, palladium, and platinum and an organic counterion to the metal cation, derived from at least one acidic organic compound selected from the group consisting of those with an approximate pKa value relative to water of at least about 3. The catalyst compositions provided by the invention are useful for the selective chlorination of aromatic compounds such as toluene and o-xylene.

Abstract: A method is provided for operating a diesel engine with reduced emissions. The method comprises combusting a first biodiesel blend fuel in a diesel engine resulting in the production of diesel exhaust gases containing NOx. The diesel exhaust gases are admixed with a second biodiesel blend fuel, and the second biodiesel blend fuel is hydrolyzed to form reducing agents. The diesel exhaust gases containing NOx are passed through an NOx-reducing catalyst to reduce the NOx through a selective catalytic reduction reaction with the reducing agents. The invention further provides a method for operating a diesel engine with reduced emissions, comprising combusting a first biodiesel blend fuel in a diesel engine resulting in the production of diesel exhaust gases containing NOx. A second biodiesel blend fuel is converted in a fuel processor thereby forming reducing agents, and the diesel exhaust gases are admixed with the reducing agents.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a catalytic composition comprising a first catalyst composition portion that comprises a zeolite; and a second catalyst composition portion that comprises a catalytic metal disposed upon a porous inorganic substrate; the first catalyst composition portion and the second catalyst composition portion being in an intimate mixture. Disclosed herein is a method, comprising mixing a first catalyst composition portion with the second catalyst composition portion to form a catalytic composition; the first catalyst composition portion comprising a zeolite and the second catalyst composition portion comprising a metal disposed upon a porous substrate.