Abstract: A method and apparatus for imaging within a living body is described. The method includes directing a micro-guidewire along a primary path of the living body, the micro-guidewire having an imaging device including a SSID with an imaging array and a GRIN lens optically coupled to the imaging array. A secondary path can be identified, laterally branching from the primary path, the secondary path being of much smaller dimensions than the primary path. The distal end of the micro-guidewire can be turned and advanced into the secondary path by applied pressure at a proximal end of the micro-guidewire.

Abstract: A system and method for handling a digital electronic flow between a first and second entity in which a flow policy is determined that is to be applied to the flow and the flow is then directed along a path in accordance with the policy. An ID is supplied for each flow and a tag associated with each flow which indicates the policy to be applied to its associated flow. Flows are also associated with one another, with associated flows having associated policies. In particular the flow may be processed or forwarded. The path may include a graph structure and virtual applications.

Abstract: Techniques for performing a continuity check operation include sending a pattern of bits over a packet network connection through a first interface on a packet network to a second interface on the packet network. The first interface is monitored for return of the pattern of bits over the packet network connection. A decision whether the continuity check is successful is based on whether the pattern of bits is detected at the first interface during the monitoring. The techniques can be used for both narrowband as well as broadband calls over the packet network.

Abstract: A method for forming a first feature within a dielectric, metal, or semiconductor material and, optionally, under an existing second feature, comprises the use of an anisotropic etch, the formation of a spacer used to prevent lateral etching, a subsequent isotropic etch to form a hollow opening, and the formation of one or more conductive and/or dielectric materials within the opening. The anisotropic etch may expose a conductive feature to which contact is to be made, depending on the particular use of the inventive method. An inventive structure is also described.

Abstract: Light sensors in an imager having sloped features including, but not limited to, hemispherical, v-shaped, or other sloped shapes. Light sensors having such a sloped feature can redirect incident light that is not absorbed by one portion of the photosensor to another portion of the photosensor for absorption there.

Abstract: Various pattern transfer and etching steps can be used to create features. Conventional photolithography steps can be used in combination with pitch-reduction techniques to form superimposed, pitch-reduced patterns of crossing elongate features that can be consolidated into a single layer. Planarizing techniques using a filler layer and a protective layer are disclosed. Portions of an integrated circuit having different heights can be etched to a common plane.

Abstract: A system and method is disclosed for providing targeted advertising for association with retrieved content on media, such as the Internet or World Wide Web, in such a way that it is not susceptible to click fraud. This system and method are directed to a “pay for share” system that provides billing before targeted advertisements are made available for selection for display.

Abstract: An electronic detecting apparatus is provided for detecting an output of an external device such as a light emitter. The apparatus comprises a detector operative to detect a variable relating to the output of the external device, and a controller operative to receive a detector signal from the detector indicative of an initial non-steady state value of the detected variable. The controller is further operative to process the detector signal to generate a processed signal, the controller combining the detector signal and the processed signal to generate an output signal indicative of a future steady state value of the variable. The apparatus thus speeds up the time taken for the steady state value of the variable to be determined.

Abstract: A method and system is provided for printing jobs received from enterprise customers through a global printing network. One aspect relates to an architecture that interfaces customers, communication service firms (CSFs), and downstream digital print service providers (PSPs) in a global communications network. Such an architecture permits last-mile production functions that allow the distribution of print jobs to be optimized, containing costs, maintaining quality, and performing billing functions that improve the quality of such networks and make a global print network feasible. As a result, Enterprise customers benefit from lower costs and global sourcing while print service providers and graphics service firms benefit from increased revenue due to increased utilization of the overall global network.

Abstract: Various pattern transfer and etching steps can be used to create features. Conventional photolithography steps can be used in combination with pitch-reduction techniques to form superimposed, pitch-reduced patterns of crossing elongate features that can be consolidated into a single layer. Planarizing techniques using a filler layer and a protective layer are disclosed. Portions of an integrated circuit having different heights can be etched to a common plane.

Abstract: The invention relates to an imaging device having a pixel cell with a transparent conductive material interconnect line for focusing incident light onto a photosensor and providing an electrical connection to pixel circuitry, and the method of making the same.

Abstract: A polishing pad is provided herein, which may include a plurality of soluble fibers having a diameter in the range of about 5 to 80 micrometers, and an insoluble component. The pad may also pad include a first surface having a plurality of micro-grooves, wherein the soluble fibers form the micro-grooves in the pad. The micro-grooves may have a width and/or depth up to about 150 micrometers. In addition, a method of forming the polishing pad and a method of polishing a surface with the polishing pad is disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to an imaging device having a pixel cell with a transparent conductive material interconnect line for focusing incident light onto a photosensor and providing an electrical connection to pixel circuitry, and the method of making the same.

Abstract: A method of forming a buried digit line is disclosed. Sacrificial spacers are formed along the sidewalls of an isolation trench, which is then filled with a sacrificial material. One spacer is masked while the other spacer is removed and an etch step into the substrate beneath the removed spacer forms an isolation window. Insulating liners are then formed along the sidewalls of the emptied trench, including into the isolation window. A digit line recess is then formed through the bottom of the trench between the insulating liners, which double as masks to self-align this etch. The digit line recess is then filled with metal and recessed back, with an optional prior insulating element deposited and recessed back in the bottom of the recess.

Abstract: A substrate structure, and method of forming the structure, are provided. The structure, which may be used for a CMOS imager device, is provided with a buried dielectric structure. Recesses are formed on a semiconductor substrate, e.g., silicon, and a dielectric material is used to fill the recesses. A layer of semiconductor material, e.g., silicon, is then formed over the surface of the substrate material and dielectric-filled trenches.

Abstract: The invention disclosed herein demonstrates that that the adaptive process in the intestine can be tracked using plasma citrulline. It further demonstrates that plasma citrulline is of clinical utility as a biomarker for improvements in intestinal function.

Abstract: A memory cell, device, and system include a memory cell having a shared digitline, a storage capacitor, and a plurality of access transistors configured to selectively electrically couple the storage capacitor with the shared digitline. The digitline couples with adjacent memory cells and the access transistors selects which adjacent memory cell is coupled to the shared digitline. A method of forming the memory cell includes forming a buried digitline in the substrate and a vertical pillar in the substrate immediately adjacent to the buried digitline. A dual gate transistor is formed on the vertical pillar with a first end electrically coupled to the buried digitline and a second end coupled to a storage capacitor formed thereto.

Abstract: Light sensors in an imager having sloped features including, but not limited to, hemispherical, v-shaped, or other sloped shapes. Light sensors having such a sloped feature can redirect incident light that is not absorbed by one portion of the photosensor to another portion of the photosensor for absorption there.

Abstract: Various pattern transfer and etching steps can be used to create features. Conventional photolithography steps can be used in combination with pitch-reduction techniques to form superimposed, pitch-reduced patterns of crossing elongate features that can be consolidated into a single layer. Planarizing techniques using a filler layer and a protective layer are disclosed. Portions of an integrated circuit having different heights can be etched to a common plane.