Abstract: Characterization of the binding dynamics at the interface between any two proteins that specifically interact plays a role in myriad biomedical applications. The methods disclosed herein provide for the high-throughput characterization of the specific interaction at the interface between two protein binding partners and the identification of functionally significant mutations of one or both protein binding partners. For example, the methods disclosed herein may be useful for epitope and paratope mapping of an antibody-antigen pair, which is useful for the discovery and development of novel therapies, vaccines, diagnostics, among other biomedical applications.

Abstract: In one aspect, the disclosure relates to a method for the in situ generation of formaldehyde for the hydroxymethylation of difluoroenolates to create 2,2-difluoroethanols having a range of solubilities, acidity, basicity, and other physical properties. The method also allows the production of formaldehyde-d2 for hydroxy deuteromethylations and constitutes a new synthetic method for 2,2-difluoro-1,1-deuteroethanols. In one aspect, disclosed method is compatible with ?,?-difluorobenzyl carbanions generated from the release of trifluoroacetate from electron-deficient aromatic and heteroaromatic rings and can be conducted under mild conditions with high yields. Also disclosed herein are 2,2-difluoroethanols generated by the disclosed method and methods of using the 2,2-difluoroethanols as solvents or co-solvents for organic synthesis, metal catalyzed reactions, asymmetric processes, carbohydrate chemistry, and medicinal chemistry.

Abstract: Characterization of the binding dynamics at the interface between any two proteins that specifically interact plays a role in myriad biomedical applications. The methods disclosed herein provide for the high-throughput characterization of the specific interaction at the interface between two protein binding partners and the identification of functionally significant mutations of one or both protein binding partners. For example, the methods disclosed herein may be useful for epitope and paratope mapping of an antibody-antigen pair, which is useful for the discovery and development of novel therapies, vaccines, diagnostics, among other biomedical applications.

Abstract: Characterization of the binding dynamics at the interface between any two proteins that specifically interact plays a role in myriad biomedical applications. The methods disclosed herein provide for the high-throughput characterization of the specific interaction at the interface between two protein binding partners and the identification of functionally significant mutations of one or both protein binding partners. For example, the methods disclosed herein may be useful for epitope and paratope mapping of an antibody-antigen pair, which is useful for the discovery and development of novel therapies, vaccines, diagnostics, among other biomedical applications.

Abstract: Characterization of the binding dynamics at the interface between any two proteins that specifically interact plays a role in myriad biomedical applications. The methods disclosed herein provide for the high-throughput characterization of the specific interaction at the interface between two protein binding partners and the identification of functionally significant mutations of one or both protein binding partners. For example, the methods disclosed herein may be useful for epitope and paratope mapping of an antibody-antigen pair, which is useful for the discovery and development of novel therapies, vaccines, diagnostics, among other biomedical applications.

Abstract: Characterization of the binding dynamics at the interface between any two proteins that specifically interact plays a role in myriad biomedical applications. The methods disclosed herein provide for the high-throughput characterization of the specific interaction at the interface between two protein binding partners and the identification of functionally significant mutations of one or both protein binding partners. For example, the methods disclosed herein may be useful for epitope and paratope mapping of an antibody-antigen pair, which is useful for the discovery and development of novel therapies, vaccines, diagnostics, among other biomedical applications.

Abstract: Characterization of the binding dynamics at the interface between any two proteins that specifically interact plays a role in myriad biomedical applications. The methods disclosed herein provide for the high-throughput characterization of the specific interaction at the interface between two protein binding partners and the identification of functionally significant mutations of one or both protein binding partners. For example, the methods disclosed herein may be useful for epitope and paratope mapping of an antibody-antigen pair, which is useful for the discovery and development of novel therapies, vaccines, diagnostics, among other biomedical applications.

Abstract: An acoustic delay measurement apparatus measures an audio delay introduced by an audio system. A programmable delay buffer, which introduces a programmable delay into the audio stream, receives an audio stream from an audio source and outputs a reference signal representing the audio stream. An adaptive filter is responsive to the reference signal to generate an estimate signal to match on convergence of the adaptive filter an audio signal output by the audio system, which is the audio stream delayed by an amount representative of the audio delay introduced by the audio system. A processor including a coefficient analysis block reads coefficients in the adaptive filter after convergence, computes a delay introduced into said estimate signal by the adaptive filter, and adds the computed delay to the programmable delay buffer to provide a measurement of the audio delay.

Abstract: An acoustic delay measurement apparatus measures an audio delay introduced by an audio system. A programmable delay buffer, which introduces a programmable delay into the audio stream, receives an audio stream from an audio source and outputs a reference signal representing the audio stream. An adaptive filter is responsive to the reference signal to generate an estimate signal to match on convergence of the adaptive filter an audio signal output by the audio system, which is the audio stream delayed by an amount representative of the audio delay introduced by the audio system. A processor including a coefficient analysis block reads coefficients in the adaptive filter after convergence, computes a delay introduced into said estimate signal by the adaptive filter, and adds the computed delay to the programmable delay buffer to provide a measurement of the audio delay.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of sealing the free end of a hollow fiber membrane for use in a single header filtration module by dipping the end of the membrane into a low-viscosity light-curable adhesive and curing the adhesive. The invention further encompasses the resulting sealed hollow fiber membrane with a diameter that is only slightly larger than the diameter of the unsealed membrane.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of sealing the free end of a hollow fiber membrane for use in a single header filtration module by dipping the end of the membrane into a low-viscosity light-curable adhesive and curing the adhesive. The invention further encompasses the resulting sealed hollow fiber membrane with a diameter that is only slightly larger than the diameter of the unsealed membrane.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of sealing the free end of a hollow fiber membrane for use in a single header filtration module by dipping the end of the membrane into a low-viscosity light-curable adhesive and curing the adhesive. The invention further encompasses the resulting sealed hollow fiber membrane with a diameter that is only slightly larger than the diameter of the unsealed membrane.

Abstract: A clock generator with glitchless phase adjustment having a phase locked loop with a controlled oscillator providing an output representing a phase value. One or more output modules generate one or more output clocks from the output. One or more adjustment modules add a requested phase adjustment to an output clock. The phase adjustment modules are configured to break the requested phase adjustment into smaller increments and apply the increments to an output clock generated in said at the output modules one cycle at a time.

Abstract: A digital phase locked loop has a phase acquisition module that outputs a first phase value representative of the phase of a reference signal expressed with respect to an internal phase reference. A phase offset write module convert a phases offset commanded from an external source into a phase offset correction value expressed with respect to the internal phase reference. A phase offset controller sums the phase offset correction values to produce a second phase value, which is added to the first phase value to produce a third phase value expressed with respect to the internal phase reference. A digital controlled oscillator (DCO) outputs a fourth phase value expressed with respect to the internal phase reference. A phase detector outputs a fifth phase value representing the difference between the third and fourth phase values. A loop filter derives a frequency offset for the DCO based on the fifth phase value. An output module generates one or more output clocks from the fourth phase value.

Abstract: A digital phase locked loop has a phase acquisition module that outputs a first phase value representative of the phase of a reference signal expressed with respect to an internal phase reference. A phase offset write module convert a phases offset commanded from an external source into a phase offset correction value expressed with respect to the internal phase reference. A phase offset controller sums the phase offset correction values to produce a second phase value, which is added to the first phase value to produce a third phase value expressed with respect to the internal phase reference. A digital controlled oscillator (DCO) outputs a fourth phase value expressed with respect to the internal phase reference. A phase detector outputs a fifth phase value representing the difference between the third and fourth phase values. A loop filter derives a frequency offset for the DCO based on the fifth phase value. An output module generates one or more output clocks from the fourth phase value.

Abstract: A clock generator with glitchless phase adjustment having a phase locked loop with a controlled oscillator providing an output representing a phase value. One or more output modules generate one or more output clocks from the output. One or more adjustment modules add a requested phase adjustment to an output clock. The phase adjustment modules are configured to break the requested phase adjustment into smaller increments and apply the increments to an output clock generated in said at the output modules one cycle at a time.

Abstract: A phase-locked loop to is simultaneously synchronized to high and low frequency clocks by (i) locking an output of the phase-locked loop to a high-frequency reference clock, (ii) measuring at a high rate a first phase difference between the high-frequency reference clock and the output of the phase-locked loop, (iii) measuring at a high rate a second phase difference between a low-frequency reference clock and the output of the phase-locked loop; (iv) computing at a low rate from said first and second phase differences a third phase difference between the high-frequency and low frequency clocks; (v) combining at a low rate said third phase difference with said second phase-difference to obtain a total phase difference; and (vi) adjusting the output of the phase-locked loop at a low rate to reduce the obtained total phase difference.

Abstract: A phase-locked loop to is simultaneously synchronized to high and low frequency clocks by (i) locking an output of the phase-locked loop to a high-frequency reference clock, (ii) measuring at a high rate a first phase difference between the high-frequency reference clock and the output of the phase-locked loop, (iii) measuring at a high rate a second phase difference between a low-frequency reference clock and the output of the phase-locked loop; (iv) computing at a low rate from said first and second phase differences a third phase difference between the high-frequency and low frequency clocks; (v) combining at a low rate said third phase difference with said second phase-difference to obtain a total phase difference; and (vi) adjusting the output of the phase-locked loop at a low rate to reduce the obtained total phase difference.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of sealing the free end of a hollow fiber membrane for use in a single header filtration module by dipping the end of the membrane into a low-viscosity light-curable adhesive and curing the adhesive. The invention further encompasses the resulting sealed hollow fiber membrane with a diameter that is only slightly larger than the diameter of the unsealed membrane.

Abstract: A reverse osmosis pressure vessel end cap assembly includes a seal plate positioned within a pressure vessel shell, with one or more load plates positioned to retain the seal plate in position. A load ring is captured or expanded by the load plates to secure the load ring into a channel in the interior surface of the pressure vessel shell. The end cap assembly thus provides secure yet easily removable access to the pressure vessel, capable of withstanding the high pressures of a reverse osmosis filtration system. Various exemplary embodiments of the assembly are provided.