Abstract: A method of hiding copyright related messages within digital data works is taught. The method relies on modifying data elements in the work according to certain rules which depend on the actual message itself. The information content of the message can be extracted through a comparison of measurable characteristics of defined portions of the modified work.

Abstract: A method of hiding copyright related messages within digital data works is taught. The method relies on modifying data elements in the work according to certain rules which depend on the actual message itself. The information content of the message can be extracted through a comparison of measurable characteristics of defined portions of the modified work.

Abstract: Unicast endpoint clients (110, 111, 115) on an IP Unicast network (107, 108) are provided access to Multicast sessions on an IP Multicast network (101) through a Multicast-Unicast gateway server (120, 121). The server obtains information about sessions on the Multicast network and makes such information available to a Unicast client on the Unicast network upon request by the client. Upon being presented with a list describing the subject matter of each session, the user at the Unicast client selects the session to which he or she wants to join, which causes the Multicast-Unicast server to join the appropriate session on behalf of the requesting client for each media type in which the joining client wants to be a participant. The server then sets a bidirectional Unicast User Datagram Protocol (UDP) stream between itself and the client. All packets then received by the server from the Unicast client are address-translated to the appropriate Multicast session address.

Abstract: The invention provides an on-hold switching device that permits a subscriber to be engaged in other activities through a telephone network while being placed on-hold by another party. When placed on-hold, the on-hold switching device disconnects the subscriber from the other party and connects the subscriber to the telephone network so that the subscriber may engage in other activities. The on-hold switching device monitors the signal bus connected to the other party to determine whether the on-hold condition is removed. When the on-hold condition is removed, the subscriber is reconnected to the other party. Thus, the on-hold switching device permits a subscriber to be engaged in other activities when placed on-hold by the other party.

Abstract: A endpoint client (111-1) on an IP Unicast network (107) that is provided access to a Multicast session on an IP Multicast network (101) through a Multicast-Unicast gateway server (MUS) (120) is enabled to re-Multicast that session to other endpoint clients (111-2) on the network to which it is connected or to endpoint clients (134, 135) on any Multicast-capable sub-network (132) to which it is directly connected. To act as a re-Multicaster, the endpoint client receiving Unicast-addressed packets from the session from the MUS, re-translates these Unicast-addressed packets to Multicast-addressed packets by translating the Unicast address in the distribution field of each packet's header into a Multicast address and overwriting the Unicast address in each header with the Multicast address. When an endpoint client on the same or connected sub-network as the re-Multicaster desires to join a session that is being re-Multicast, it needs only connect to that Multicast address.

Abstract: In a multicast capable IP network implemented over an ATM network, each client terminal on a multimedia conference, for each media type it transmits, is assigned a multicast IP address and a port number (together known as a socket) on which to transmit packets, wherein each assigned multicast IP address is unique and different than the multicast IP address assigned to any other client for any media type. Each client terminal then selects, for each media type, which clients on the conference it wants to receive packets from. Only packets that are in fact requested by a client are routed over the multicast IP network to the requesting client. A single special purpose Multicast Address Resolution System (MARS) server is associated with the conference when the conference is established.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for use in a network utilizing Internet Protocol (IP), Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP), and Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) protocol is provided. An intelligent policy mapping database (PMD) accessible at the network level by both the RSVP and ATM protocol stacks maps RSVP parameters to ATM parameters with input from factors outside of the RSVP or ATM protocol stacks, e.g., general customer data. With the basis of customer data or other information outside of the RSVP and ATM protocol stacks, a network reservation message to the PMD contains RSVP flow specifications which are mapped to correlated ATM Quality of Service (QoS) parameters.

Abstract: In a multicast capable IP network, each client terminal on a multimedia conference, for each media type it transmits, is assigned a multicast IP address and a port number (together known as a socket) on which to transmit packets, wherein each assigned multicast IP address is unique and different than the multicast IP address assigned to any other client for any media type. Each client terminal then selects, for each media type, which clients on the conference it wants to receive packets from. Only packets that are in fact requested by a client are routed over the multicast IP network to the requesting client. When a conference originator establishes the conference, a number of multicast IP addresses are allocated for later assignment to the clients during the conference. As each client joins the conference, it is assigned a multicast IP address from the allocated group for each media type it will transmit.

Abstract: Cross-service connectivity between use of the telephone network and use of an e-mail data network is provided by enabling a recipient of an e-mail message to receive e-mail messages through an alias e-mail address which is directly associated with the recipient's telephone number. Thus, the alias e-mail address consists of the recipient's telephone number as the recipient name at a well-known and publicized common domain name server. A sender therefore addresses an e-mail message to the recipient to that alias e-mail address using the recipient's alias telephone number name. A message addressed to the alias e-mail address is sent to a translation server at that known domain name, where the alias telephone number-recipient name is translated to the actual e-mail address comprising the recipient's actual name and associated domain name server, and the message is then forwarded to that recipient at that actual e-mail address.

Abstract: In order to reduce the delay and/or loss of packets caused by the transmission through a large number of routers on the Internet, a direct connection is established between a client (or its proxy) and a server if the client (or its proxy) and the server are connected to the same alternative subnetwork. Control management information, including the type of subnetwork to which each is connected, as well as the address of the client (or its proxy) and the server are transmitted to the other on the Internet in an optional HTTP header field. After receipt of the addressing information, a direct connection is established on the alternative subnetwork between the client (or its proxy) and the server for purposes of streaming information from the server to the client.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of resolving protocol addresses using new protocols. Gateways that map ATMARP packets to NHRP packets are placed in the network to make translations between the two protocols. Therefore the installed base of networks can be maintained, with added functionality. Techniques for handling those areas where the two protocols do not match directly such as sub-address fields, purge packets and holding time expiration are also disclosed.

Abstract: On the Internet, different caches may contain copies of objects that have been copied from originating servers when they were accessed by users. Interconnected caches may have different objects stored thereon that might at some time be requested by a client terminal that is connected to a cache other than the one on which the object is stored. Rather than awaiting a request for a particular object and then querying each neighbor cache to determine whether a copy of the requested object is stored thereon, and then downloading the requested object if it is found, information about the contents of the neighbor caches is exchanged between these caches so that when a request for an object is received, the object can be retrieved from the cache in which it is stored. In the alternative, the object may be retrieved from the originating server if, for example, the object stored in a cache is stale based on the date and time it was last modified in the cache.

Abstract: A dual acting safety switch for a land or marine vehicle which disables the ignition circuit of the engine by removal of a cord held holding member and closes the circuit of a secondary circuit to activate an alarm device.