Abstract: Spatial discrimination information is fed back at both the multi-antenna transmitter and the multi-antenna receiver connecting a UE and cells within a CoMP measurement set. With the UE feeding back the transmitter and the receiver side spatial discrimination information of each cell-to-UE connection, the composite spatial CSI over multiple sites/nodes can be determined. The approach is applicable for UEs with single or multiple receiving antennas, and the spatial discrimination information can be wideband long-term or subband short-term. In some embodiments, the spatial discrimination information at the receiver side is derived from the actual spatial channel while receiver implementation is taken into account. The spatial discrimination information at the transmitter and at the receiver can be fed back using codebooks for MIMO precoding.

Abstract: A spatial channel state information (CSI) feedback technique is incorporated into multiple-input multiple-output mobile communications technologies. Spatial channel state information is measured at receiving equipment and then decomposed into components. The components are then quantized using codebook(s) and fed back as multiple indices to transmitting equipment.

Abstract: A polishing layer of a polishing has a window member with a top surface positioned a predetermined distance below the polishing surface. A transparent layer can be positioned below the polishing layer arid supporting the window member.

Abstract: A two part retaining ring is described that has a lower ring and an upper ring. The lower ring contacts a polishing surface during chemical mechanical polishing. The upper surface and the lower surface of the lower ring have thick and thin subportions to increase the flexibility of the lower ring.

Abstract: In a first aspect, an apparatus adapted to clean a semiconductor device manufacturing component is provided. The apparatus includes an ozone module adapted to (1) obtain Ozone; (2) combine the Ozone with a fluid to generate ozonated fluid; and (3) deliver the ozonated fluid to the semiconductor device manufacturing component so as to clean the semiconductor device manufacturing component. Numerous other aspects are provided.

Abstract: A telecommunications system can include a network device with a layered protocol architecture for allowing transfer of upper layer Protocol Data Units using a shared medium. A data block includes a plurality of Protocol Data Units and a data block header, which includes a delimiter as a length indicator (LI). Any last protocol data unit of the data block has no delimiter. When a Protocol Data Unit fills the balance of the data block, the length indicator is zero having no data for a first link indicator in any next in sequence data block.

Abstract: There is provided a method and apparatus for dynamic allocation of pilot symbols in an OFDM transmission. More specifically, there is provided a method comprising transmitting a first orthogonal frequency division multiplexed signal with a first pilot symbol allocation, receiving a metric indicative of the quality of a transmitted signal, changing the location of pilot symbols within the first pilot symbol allocation based on the metric to create a second pilot symbol allocation, and transmitting a second orthogonal frequency division multiplexed signal with the second pilot symbol allocation.

Abstract: A two part retaining ring is described that has a lower ring and an upper ring. The lower ring contacts a polishing surface during chemical mechanical polishing. The upper surface and the lower surface of the lower ring have matching grooves formed therein to increase the flexibility of the lower ring.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are disclosed that implement a protocol format capable of handling shared and dedicated resources. A combined dedicated/shared protocol is used to enable dedicated data to be transmitted over shared wireless networks. In particular, the protocol is a combined DLC/MAC protocol. Header information for L2 headers are modified so that a receiving MAC will appropriately route and interpret the data. The data will be routed to the portion of the network supporting dedicated resources (e.g., DLC) if the header information is a predetermined value. Otherwise, the data is routed to the portion of the network supporting shared resources (e.g., RLC/MAC). The protocol of the present invention does not interfere with existing transceivers.

Abstract: A method that employs aspects of CDMA and OFDM modulation for controlling transmissions between a mobile station and a base station is provided. The method comprises forming a frame having a plurality of slots therein and then using CDMA modulation in a first portion of the plurality of slots, and using OFDM modulation in a second portion of the plurality of slots.

Abstract: A method for reducing the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) in an OFDM based wireless system is disclosed herein. The reduced PAPR may be achieved by appropriately selecting subpackets for transmission. For example, a scheduler may elect to sequentially transmit the subpackets in an order related to the PAPR of each of the subpackets until at least one of the subpackets is properly received. In one embodiment of the instant invention the order of transmission is selected to be from lowest to highest PAPR.

Abstract: A method is provided for controlling transmissions between a base station and a plurality of mobile station over a plurality of subcarriers. Each mobile station is free to transmit over its own unique set of subcarriers, depending upon the quality of the various subcarriers. That is, the quality of at least a portion of the subcarriers is determined with respect to each mobile station. Thereafter at least a portion of the subcarriers are selected based upon the determined quality, and then information is transmitted to each mobile station using its own unique set of subcarriers.

Abstract: A polishing layer of a polishing has a window member with a top surface positioned a predetermined distance below the polishing surface. A transparent layer can be positioned below the polishing layer and supporting the window member.

Abstract: The method provides variable granularity to control data flow by using a scalar parameter to modify buffer capacity indicator. The scalar parameter allows for adjustment of the data flow control scheme and may be predetermined or dynamically set as desired or required for the particular system.

Abstract: A telecommunications system can include a network device with a layered protocol architecture for allowing transfer of upper layer Protocol Data Units using a shared medium. A data block includes a plurality of Protocol Data Units and a data block header, which includes a delimiter as a length indicator (LI). Any last protocol data unit of the data block has no delimiter. When a Protocol Data Unit fills the balance of the data block, the length indicator is zero having no data for a first link indicator in any next in sequence data block.

Abstract: A vacuum processing system has a process chamber with a rotating member, such as a magnetron in a physical vapor deposition (PVD) chamber, disposed near a surface, such as a target in a PVD chamber. The rotating member and the surface are cooled by a cooling fluid. The rotational motion of the rotating member induces the cooling fluid to circulate around the rotating member and between the surface and the rotating member, thus efficiently cooling the rotating member and the surface with a quickly flowing fluid.The rotating member has a fluid conduit extending from the rotational center of the rotating member to the outer edge of the rotating member. The cooling fluid inside the fluid conduit is subject to a centrifugal force under the action of the rotational motion, so that the cooling fluid is induced to flow from the rotational center to the outer edge, thus forcing the cooling fluid to circulate.