Abstract: The invention provides methods of synthesizing compounds in an asymmetric or enantioenriched fashion, wherein the compounds are useful intermediates in the synthesis of viral protease inhibitors.

Abstract: The invention provides methods of synthesizing a viral protease inhibitor in high yield, without using expensive catalysts or challenging reaction conditions.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of synthesizing enantioenriched difluoroalkylcyclopropyl amino esters and their salts, such as the dicyclohexylamine salt of (1S,2R)-2-(difluoromethyl)-1-(propoxycarbonyl)cyclopropane carboxylic acid. These compounds are useful intermediates in the synthesis of viral protease inhibitors.

Abstract: The invention provides methods of synthesizing a viral protease inhibitor in high yield, without using expensive catalysts or challenging reaction conditions.

Abstract: The invention provides methods of synthesizing compounds in an asymmetric or enantioenriched fashion, wherein the compounds are useful intermediates in the synthesis of viral protease inhibitors.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of synthesizing enantioenriched difluoroalkylcyclopropyl amino esters and their salts, such as the dicyclohexylamine salt of (1S,2R)-2-(difluoromethyl)-1-(propoxycarbonyl)cyclopropane carboxylic acid. These compounds are useful intermediates in the synthesis of viral protease inhibitors.

Abstract: The invention provides methods of synthesizing a viral protease inhibitor in high yield, without using expensive catalysts or challenging reaction conditions.

Abstract: A system makes real time fluid level determinations based upon shock waves detected by a pressure sensor which is able to detect very small changes in the amplitude of the received signal. Because the various components of the artificial lift system can have significant mechanical vibrations and noise, the pressure sensor utilized in the present invention may be high-sensitivity pressure sensor which is vibration-compensated with an electrical amplifier integrated directly into the sensor body to amplify the observed shock wave. The sensor has compensation components which ascertain low-frequency lateral motion and other noise, distinguishing the low frequency wave forms from the incoming reflections from the shock waves. The observed lateral motion is subtracted from the pressure sensor signal in determining the depth to the fluid.

Abstract: The invention provides methods of synthesizing a viral protease inhibitor in high yield, without using expensive catalysts or challenging reaction conditions.

Abstract: The invention provides methods of synthesizing compounds in an asymmetric or enantioenriched fashion, wherein the compounds are useful intermediates in the synthesis of viral protease inhibitors.

Abstract: The invention provides methods of synthesizing a viral protease inhibitor in high yield, without using expensive catalysts or challenging reaction conditions.

Abstract: The invention provides methods of synthesizing compounds in an asymmetric or enantioenriched fashion, wherein the compounds are useful intermediates in the synthesis of viral protease inhibitors.

Abstract: The invention provides methods of synthesizing a viral protease inhibitor in high yield, without using expensive catalysts or challenging reaction conditions.

Abstract: A system makes real time fluid level determinations based upon shock waves detected by a pressure sensor which is able to detect very small changes in the amplitude of the received signal. Because the various components of the artificial lift system can have significant mechanical vibrations and noise, the pressure sensor utilized in the present invention may be high-sensitivity pressure sensor which is vibration-compensated with an electrical amplifier integrated directly into the sensor body to amplify the observed shock wave. The sensor has compensation components which ascertain low-frequency lateral motion and other noise, distinguishing the low frequency wave forms from the incoming reflections from the shock waves. The observed lateral motion is subtracted from the pressure sensor signal in determining the depth to the fluid.

Abstract: A system for matching the hydrocarbon reservoir inflow with the outflow of an artificial lift system utilizes an apparatus which makes real time fluid level determinations and inputs the observed fluid levels into a processor which controls the speed of a motor which operates a subsurface pump, so as to increase hydrocarbon production. The apparatus which makes real time fluid determinations is installed such that a gas emission port and a pressure wave receiving port are placed within the tubing-casing annulus.

Abstract: A system for matching the hydrocarbon reservoir inflow with the outflow of an artificial lift system utilizes an apparatus which makes real time fluid level determinations based upon shock waves detected by a surface device and inputs the observed fluid levels into a processor which controls the speed of a motor which operates a subsurface pump, so as to increase hydrocarbon production. The apparatus which makes real time fluid determinations is installed such that a gas emission port and a pressure wave pressure wave receiving port are placed within the tubing-casing annulus.

Abstract: A device for employing sonic transmissions is utilized to determine fluid level in a well or a container. The device may be utilized while the well is operating. It is known that wells replenish fluid at different rates even in the same formation or well field. Increased well production at minimum pumping cost is achieved for a given well. The device generates a sonic event through the use of a compressed fluid that is obtained from within a well. A fluid level measurement system is obtained in a well in which gas is produced under vacuum.

Abstract: A system for matching the hydrocarbon reservoir inflow with the outflow of an artificial lift system utilizes an apparatus which makes real time fluid level determinations and inputs the observed fluid levels into a processor which controls the speed of a motor which operates a subsurface pump, so as to increase hydrocarbon production. The apparatus which makes real time fluid determinations is installed such that a gas emission port and a pressure wave receiving port are placed within the tubing-casing annulus.

Abstract: A tool for use in well monitoring is described to insert devices for well fluid level control into a wellhead. The tool also permits removal of the devices for well fluid level control from an operating well for servicing. The tool also permits precise positioning of the components utilized to take measurements in the well annulus.

Abstract: Processes to make compounds, including N-acylsulfonamide apoptosis promoters are disclosed.