Abstract: An image sensor comprises: an array (102) of pixels (104) arranged in rows and columns; readout circuitry (110) for reading out image information from pixels (104) in the array (102) of pixels (104); signal lines (112) for providing control signals to the pixels (104) in the array (102) and/or the readout circuitry (110); a programmable sequence controller (114) configured to control the control signals provided on the signal lines (112), said programmable sequence controller (114) comprising: at least one programmable signal controlling state machine (140), which is configured to define a sequence of states and to define control parameters for the states in the sequence, wherein the control parameters include the control signals to be provided on at least one signal line (112) for controlling at least one of a row of pixels (104) or the readout circuitry (110).

Abstract: An image sensor comprises: an array (102) of pixels (104) arranged in rows and columns; readout circuitry (110) for reading out image information from pixels (104) in the array (102) of pixels (104); signal lines (112) for providing control signals to the pixels (104) in the array (102) and/or the readout circuitry (110); a programmable sequence controller (114) configured to control the control signals provided on the signal lines (112), said programmable sequence controller (114) comprising: at least one programmable signal controlling state machine (140), which is configured to define a sequence of states and to define control parameters for the states in the sequence, wherein the control parameters include the control signals to be provided on at least one signal line (112) for controlling at least one of a row of pixels (104) or the readout circuitry (110).

Abstract: A self-oscillating driver circuit includes a driver stage, a feedforward path which is coupled to an input of the driver stage, and a feedback path which couples an output of the driver stage to an input of the feedforward path. The feedforward path includes a feedforward filter which is designed as an active filter. In order to prevent an oscillatory state of the driver circuit at an unwanted frequency, it is proposed that an internal state variable of the feedforward filter be monitored and that the feedforward filter be reset if the value of the monitored internal state variable is outside a predefined range.

Abstract: A method of increasing dynamic range of pixels in an imaging sensor is disclosed. In one aspect, two image captures are performed, one at a first short integration time and one at a second optimum integration time. An electrical value obtained from a pixel or group of pixels at the first short integration time is used to predict the second integration time using a comparison with a set of reference values. The reference values relate to a saturation electrical value for each pixel or group of pixels to predict the second integration time. The first short integration time is determined as a fractional multiple of the saturation electrical value. The second integration times are such that there is no saturation of the pixel or group of pixels. Adjustments can be made to the reference values to allow for offset immunity and variability in light levels during the second integration time.

Abstract: A method of increasing dynamic range of pixels in an imaging sensor is disclosed. In one aspect, two image captures are performed, one at a first short integration time and one at a second optimum integration time. An electrical value obtained from a pixel or group of pixels at the first short integration time is used to predict the second integration time using a comparison with a set of reference values. The reference values relate to a saturation electrical value for each pixel or group of pixels to predict the second integration time. The first short integration time is determined as a fractional multiple of the saturation electrical value. The second integration times are such that there is no saturation of the pixel or group of pixels. Adjustments can be made to the reference values to allow for offset immunity and variability in light levels during the second integration time.

Abstract: A driver circuit for driving a transmit signal for a line includes a signal amplifier configured to deliver a transmit signal, present at a signal input of the signal amplifier, amplified with a gain to a signal output, a line interface circuit connected between the signal output of the signal amplifier and the line, and a hybrid circuit connected to the line interface circuit, the hybrid circuit configured to suppress the transmit signal and couple a received signal received via the line to a signal input of the signal amplifier to provide impedance synthesis.

Abstract: A self-oscillating driver circuit includes a driver stage, a feedforward path which is coupled to an input of the driver stage, and a feedback path which couples an output of the driver stage to an input of the feedforward path. The feedforward path includes a feedforward filter which is designed as an active filter. In order to prevent an oscillatory state of the driver circuit at an unwanted frequency, it is proposed that an internal state variable of the feedforward filter be monitored and that the feedforward filter be reset if the value of the monitored internal state variable is outside a predefined range.

Abstract: Driver circuit for driving a transmit signal for a line comprising a signal amplifier which delivers a transmit signal, present at a signal input of the signal amplifier, amplified with a gain to a signal output, a line interface circuit which is connected between the signal output of the signal amplifier and the line, and comprising a hybrid circuit which is connected to the line interface circuit, wherein the hybrid circuit suppresses the transmit signal and couples a received signal received via the line to a signal input of the signal amplifier for the purpose of impedance synthesis.

Abstract: A self-oscillating driver circuit comprises a driver stage, a feedforward path which is coupled to an input of the driver stage, and a feedback path which couples an output of the driver stage to an input of the feedforward path. The feedforward path comprises a feedforward filter which is designed as an active filter. In order to prevent an oscillatory state of the driver circuit at an unwanted frequency, it is proposed that an internal state variable of the feedforward filter be monitored and that the feedforward filter be reset if the value of the monitored internal state variable is outside a predefined range.

Abstract: Modulation circuits for operating in at least a first and second mode are described herein.

Abstract: In an integrated circuit including a first multibit digital-to-analog converter and a second multibit digital-to-analog converter, a calibration circuit is provided which is shared between the first and second digital-to-analog converters.

Abstract: Implementations related to multi-standard digital subscriber line analog-to-digital data conversion are described.

Abstract: Implementations related to multi-standard digital subscriber line analog-to-digital data conversion are described.

Abstract: Modulation circuits for operating in at least a first and second mode are described herein.

Abstract: In an integrated circuit including a first multibit digital-to-analog converter and a second multibit digital-to-analog converter, a calibration circuit is provided which is shared between the first and second digital-to-analog converters.

Abstract: A pulse width modulator circuit has two self-oscillating pulse width modulators and a synchronization circuit for synchronizing the two self-oscillating pulse width modulators. It also comprises an auxiliary-signal generating circuit for generating an auxiliary signal which is coupled into the two self-oscillating pulse width modulators.

Abstract: Techniques for tuning filters of modulation circuits are described herein.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for converting an analog input signal into a digital output signal using a sigma-delta modulator architecture with a digital tracking filter. The digital tracking filter may have an order greater than one, and the signal and noise transfer functions of the sigma-delta modulator architecture are chosen to provide a sigma-delta modulator architecture with a high dynamic range even if a relatively low oversampling ratio is used.

Abstract: Sigma-delta modulators and a method of modulating are disclosed in which a first sigma-delta modulator having a first quantizer is provided, and a second quantizer is also provided. At least a first node of the first sigma-delta modulator upstream of the first quantizer and a second node of the first sigma-delta modulator upstream of the first quantizer to the second quantizer are coupled together.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for converting an analog input signal into a digital output signal using a sigma-delta modulator architecture with a digital tracking filter. The digital tracking filter may have and order greater than one, and the signal and noise transfer functions of the sigma-delta modulator architecture are chosen to provide a sigma-delta modulator architecture with a high dynamic range even if a relatively low oversampling ratio is used.