Abstract: An apparatus has an electrode subassembly having a circuitry layer having a skin-facing inner side and an outer side. A plurality of electrode elements are disposed on the inner side of the circuitry layer and electrically coupled to the circuitry layer. Each electrode element of the plurality of electrode elements has an electrode edge. A layer of anisotropic material is electrically coupled to the plurality of electrode elements of the electrode subassembly. The layer of anisotropic material has a skin-facing surface and an opposing outwardly facing surface. The layer of anisotropic material has a peripheral outer edge. The peripheral outer edge of the layer of anisotropic material extends beyond the electrode edge of each respective electrode element of the plurality of electrode elements. A skin contact layer comprises a biocompatible conductive material. The skin contact layer is disposed on a skin-facing side of the layer of anisotropic material.

Abstract: The system and process of therapeutic and effective cavitation by using ultrasound to collapse gas vesicles as well as cavitate the bubbles produced from the collapsed gas vesicles. Therapeutic effect includes, but is not limited to lysing cells by cavitation. The cells expressing the gas vesicles can optionally be used as delivery cells to preform tasks such as transporting the gas vesicles into deep tissue areas, releasing compounds at the cavitation site, and more. The gas vesicles can optionally be modified to facilitate getting the bubbles near the cavitation targets by functionalizing the gas vesicles.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing Tumor-Treating Fields comprises an electrode layer having a plurality of electrode elements. First and second electrode elements are spaced apart within the electrode layer along a first axis. The electrode layer has at least one filler structure having a first filler portion positioned within a space between the first and second electrode elements. The at least one filler structure is configured to provide the electrode layer with a substantially consistent height along the first axis. The apparatus can further have an upper adhesive layer, a lower adhesive layer, and a layer of anisotropic material therebetween. The plurality of electrode elements can be in electrical contact with the outwardly facing surface of the layer of anisotropic material.

Abstract: A method for producing an olefin product, including the steps of converting a hydrocarbon feedstock to an unsaturated hydrocarbon stream through a steam cracking process in an olefins production plant; combusting hydrogen to provide at least some of the heating duty to the steam cracking process, wherein the hydrogen has a carbon intensity less than about 1.0 kg CO2e/kg H2, wherein the hydrogen is produced using a hydrogen production process; providing at least some of the required energy for the hydrogen production process from a biomass power plant; and processing the unsaturated hydrocarbon stream to recover the olefin product. The olefin product may comprise ethylene having a well-to-gate carbon intensity less than about 0.6 kg CO2e/kg C2H4, or may comprise propylene having a well-to-gate carbon intensity less than about 0.6 kg CO2e/kg C3H6.

Abstract: A system and method for constructing a 3D phantom with epoxy utilizing conductive particles is herein disclosed. The phantom, comprising: a container for housing a fluid, the container having at least one exterior wall comprising an exterior surface and an interior surface defining a cavity, the exterior wall constructed of a non-conductive matrix material mixed with conductive particles to provide the exterior wall with an electrical impedance, resistance, resistivity, or conductivity to model electrical impedance, resistance, resistivity, or conductivity of a first biological component; and a conductive solution within the cavity, the conductive solution being at least one of a fluid solution, a suspension, and a gel and configured to model electrical impedance, resistance, resistivity, or conductivity of a second biological component.

Abstract: Ceramic matrix composite articles include, for example a first plurality of plies of ceramic fibers in a ceramic matrix defining a first extent, and a local at least one second ply in said ceramic matrix defining a second extent on and/or in said first plurality of plies with the second extent being less than said first extent. The first plurality of plies has a first property, the at least one second ply has at least one second property, and said first property being different from said at least one second property. The different properties may include one or more different mechanical (stress/strain) properties, one or more different thermal conductivity properties, one or more different electrical conductivity properties, one or more different other properties, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: A transducer apparatus for delivering tumor treating fields to a subject's body, including: a substrate; an electrode element coupled to the substrate; a layer of anisotropic material electrically coupled to the electrode element, wherein the electrode element is located between the substrate and the layer of anisotropic material having a front face and a back face, wherein the back face of the layer of anisotropic material faces the electrode element; a non-conductive material border disposed over an outer perimeter of the layer of anisotropic material, the non-conductive material border being electrically non-conductive, wherein, when viewed in a direction perpendicular to the front face of the layer of anisotropic material: an inner edge of the non-conductive material border overlaps a portion of the front face of the layer of anisotropic material, and an outer edge of the non-conductive material border extends outside the outer perimeter of the layer of anisotropic material.

Abstract: An adhesive layer for use in a transducer apparatus, the adhesive layer extending in an x-y plane and having an adhesive layer outer edge, the adhesive layer including: an adhesive matrix material; a plurality of electrically conductive particles embedded at least partially within the adhesive matrix material forming a conductive adhesive region of the adhesive layer; and at least one non-conductive edge portion comprising an adhesive devoid of electrically conductive particles, the at least one non-conductive edge portion being electrically non-conductive; wherein, when viewed in a direction perpendicular to the x-y plane, a first non-conductive edge portion is located adjacent to and extends along an outer edge of the conductive adhesive region and forms at least a portion of an outer perimeter of the adhesive layer.

Abstract: Alternating electric fields (e.g., TTFields) may be applied to a subject's body using electrode assemblies, each of which includes a plurality of graphite sheets (or sheets of another conductive anisotropic material) that are positioned adjacent to, but not touching, each other. One or more electrode elements are disposed in electrical contact with each of the graphite sheets. Strips of electrically insulating and thermally conductive material are disposed between the graphite sheets, and these strips are positioned in thermal contact with the adjacent graphite sheets. The graphite sheets facilitate the passive spreading of heat within the confines of any given sheet. And the strips of material allow the passive spreading of heat to continue beyond the confines of any given sheet without compromising inter-sheet electrical isolation.

Abstract: An apparatus includes an outer adhesive layer comprising a conductive gel or conductive adhesive, at least one layer of anisotropic material, a layer of dielectric material, and a skin contact layer comprising a conductive gel or conductive adhesive. The at least one layer of anisotropic material and the layer of dielectric material are positioned between the outer adhesive layer and the skin contact layer. The layer of dielectric material contacts at least a first layer of the at least one layer of anisotropic material to form a capacitive structure.

Abstract: Flow path assemblies for gas turbine engines are provided. For example, a flow path assembly comprises an inner wall; a unitary outer wall; and a plurality of nozzle airfoils having an inner end radially opposite an outer end. The unitary outer wall defines a plurality of outer pockets each configured for receipt of the outer end of one of the nozzle airfoils, and the inner wall includes defines a plurality of inner pockets each configured for receipt of the inner end of one of the plurality of nozzle airfoils. A portion of each inner pocket is defined by a forward inner wall segment and an aft inner wall segment. In another embodiment, a flow path assembly comprises an inner wall defining a plurality of bayonet slots that each receive a bayonet included with each of a plurality of nozzle airfoils that are integral with a unitary outer wall.

Abstract: Alternating electric fields (e.g., tumor treating fields, a.k.a. TTFields) may be applied to a target region in a subject's body via sheets of graphite that are implanted in the subject's body. One or more ports configured for affixation to the subject's body include or connect to one or more mating electrical connectors. Electrical conductors are positioned to route electrical signals between the electrical connector(s) and the sheets of graphite. The alternating electric fields are applied to the target region by applying (via the ports) an alternating voltage between two sheets of graphite that are positioned on opposite sides of the target region.

Abstract: An apparatus includes: at least one electrode element; a layer of anisotropic material; a first layer of conductive adhesive positioned between a skin-facing surface of the at least one electrode element and an outwardly facing surface of the layer of anisotropic material; and a skin contact layer. The skin contact layer includes a biocompatible conductive adhesive and is disposed on a skin-facing side of the layer of anisotropic material. The first layer of conductive adhesive facilitates electrical contact between the skin-facing surface of the at least one electrode element and the outwardly facing surface of the layer of anisotropic material. A plurality of openings extend through the layer of anisotropic material.

Abstract: Assemblies for use in applying TTFields are disclosed. A treatment assembly can include a circuit board, a plurality of electrode elements, and a cover. Each electrode element of the plurality of electrode elements can have a metal layer and, optionally, a capacitive layer. Each electrode element can be coupled to the circuit board via the metal layer of the electrode element. At least a first electrode element of the plurality of electrode elements can be positioned on an outer side of the circuit board. A first portion of the cover can be disposed over the first electrode element and the outer side of the circuit board, and the first portion can contact the first electrode. A second portion of the cover can be positioned radially outside of a perimeter of the circuit board. The cover can include a layer of anisotropic material and at least one conductive adhesive or gel layer.

Abstract: A voltage pulse generator comprising: circuitry controllable to generate a voltage pulse at an output of the circuitry; and an interruptor that monitors voltage at the output during a transition edge of the voltage pulse and interrupts a voltage change associated with the transition edge if the monitored voltage differs from a predetermined reference voltage by a predetermined amount.

Abstract: A shroud hanger assembly (30) or shroud assembly is provided for dimensionally incompatible components wherein the assembly includes a multi-piece hanger (32), for example having a forward hanger portion (34) and a rearward hanger portion (36). A cavity (46) is formed between the parts; wherein a shroud (50) may be positioned which is formed of a low coefficient of thermal expansion material. The hanger (32) and shroud (50) may be formed of the same material or differing materials in order to better match the thermal growth between the hanger and the shroud. When the shroud (50) is positioned within the hanger opening or cavity (46), one of the forward (34) and rearward hanger (36) portions may be press fit or otherwise connected into the other of the forward (34) and rearward (36) hanger portion.

Abstract: Alternating electric fields (e.g., TTFields) may be applied to a subject's body using an electrode assembly that includes a skin contact layer formed at least partially of a conductive adhesive. An electrode element is electrically coupled to the conductive adhesive. Optionally, the electrode assembly can include a layer (e.g., sheet) of anisotropic material between the electrode element and the skin contact layer. Optionally, the skin contact layer may comprise an outer adhesive layer comprising conductive adhesive composite, an inner adhesive layer comprising conductive adhesive composite, and a substrate positioned between the inner and outer adhesive layers.

Abstract: An apparatus can include a subassembly having one or more electrode elements, each electrode element having a skin-facing side and a skin-facing surface. The apparatus can further comprise a skin contact layer comprising a conductive adhesive. The skin contact layer can be coupled to the subassembly and can be disposed on the skin-facing side of the electrode elements. The conductive adhesive is electrically coupled to the electrode and configured to contact skin of a subject. At least a portion of the skin contact layer is selectively removable from the subassembly.

Abstract: A shroud hanger assembly or shroud assembly is provided for dimensionally incompatible components wherein the assembly includes a multi-piece hanger, for example having a forward hanger portion and a rearward hanger portion. A cavity is formed between the parts; wherein a shroud may be positioned which is formed of a low coefficient of thermal expansion material. The hanger and shroud may be formed of the same material or differing materials in order to better match the thermal growth between the hanger and the shroud. When the shroud is positioned within the hanger opening or cavity, one of the forward and rearward hanger portions may be press fit or otherwise connected into the other of the forward and rearward hanger portion.

Abstract: Disclosed are electrode assemblies having at least two layers of conductive adhesive material separated by an anisotropic material and methods of using the electrode assemblies in Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) therapy.