Abstract: Certain secondary aliphatic diamines are excellent chain extenders in the formation of polyurethanes, polyurea-polyurethane hybrids, and polyurea polymers, both elastomers and coatings, from both monomeric polyisocyanates and isocyanate-terminated prepolymers using the high-pressure impingement mixing reaction technique. These diamines include 1,4-di(alkylamino)cyclohexanes, 1-methyl-2,4-di(alkylamino)-3,5-dialkylcyclohexanes, N,N′-dialkyl isophoronediamine, 1,3-di(1′methyl-1′-alkylaminoethyl)benzene, and 1,6-di(alkylamino)hexane. These chain extenders may be used alone or in combination with other polyamines and with polyols. A broad spectrum of polymeric materials can be formed with a range of diverse properties.

Abstract: Carbonyl compounds (e.g. acetone and acetaldehyde) are often present as impurities in oxygenated organic liquids such as acetic acid made by the carbonylation of methanol or in phenol produced by the oxidation of cumene. These impurities can render petrochemical products unsuitable for long-term storage or otherwise adversely affect downstream processing operations. It has now been found that detrimental carbonyl impurities can be easily removed from oxygenated organic liquids by contact with resins having amine functional groups.

Abstract: A chromatographic process for separating racemic mixtures using a set of chiral stationary phases based on yohimbine and its derivatives has been developed. In particular, the hydroxyl functionality of yohimbine and its analogs is covalently bonded via a urethane linkage to a polymethylenesilyl chain attached to the bound hydroxyl groups of a refractory inorganic oxide by Si—O bonds. The resulting chiral stationary phases have multiple chiral recognition sites and can be used with a broad spectrum of materials as eluents without leaching.

Abstract: A chromatographic process for separating racemic mixtures using a set of chiral stationary phases based on yohimbine and its derivatives has been developed. In particular, the hydroxyl functionality of yohimbine and its analogs is covalently bonded via a urethane linkage to a polymethylenesilyl chain attached to the bound hydroxyl groups of a refractory inorganic oxide by Si—O bonds. The resulting chiral stationary phases have multiple chiral recognition sites and can be used with a broad spectrum of materials as eluents without leaching.

Abstract: A chromatographic process for separating racemic mixtures using a set of chiral stationary phases based on yohimbine and its derivatives has been developed. In particular, the hydroxyl functionality of yohimbine and its analogs is covalently bonded via a urethane linkage to a polymethylenesilyl chain attached to the bound hydroxyl groups of a refractory inorganic oxide by Si--O bonds. The resulting chiral stationary phases have multiple chiral recognition sites and can be used with a broad spectrum of materials as eluents without leaching.

Abstract: Mild acid treatment of potassium 3A zeolite molecular sieve to modify the pH of the surface of the molecular sieve to a pH ranging between 9.6 and 11 was found to significantly minimize the effect of the potassium 3A zeolite on the pot life when used as a drying agent for non-foamed polyurethanes. Increases in pot life in non-foamed polyurethane preparations over similar preparations with untreated potassium 3A zeolite molecular sieve were dramatic (about 400%) with less than 5% reduction in water adsorption capacity.

Abstract: Functionalized silicas which can be used as core supports for a broad variety of chiral stationary phases may be conceptually represented as T--O--Si--U. T represents a refractory inorganic oxide, and T--O--Si arises from reaction of an organosilane with the surface hydroxyl groups of the refractory inorganic oxide. U represents a polyamine, related to poly(ethyleneamines), tris(2-aminoethyl) amine, or alkyleneoxyamines of glycerine.

Abstract: Mild acid treatment of zeolite 3A molecular sieve to modify the pH of the surface of the molecular sieve to a pH ranging between 9.5 and 11 was found to significantly minimize the effect of the zeolite 3A on the pot life of non-foamed polyurethanes. Increases in pot life over untreated zeolite 3A molecular sieve were dramatic (about 400%) with less than 5% reduction in water adsorption capacity.

Abstract: A set of chiral stationary phases is based on yohimbine and its derivatives. In particular, the hydroxyl functionality of yohimbine and its analogs is covalently bonded via a urethane linkage to a polymethylenesilyl chain attached to the bound hydroxyl groups of a refractory inorganic oxide by Si-O bonds. The resulting chiral stationary phases have multiple chiral recognition sites and can be used with a broad spectrum of materials as eluents without leaching.

Abstract: There are described stable, non-leaching chiral stationary phases in which a chiral polysaccharide or polysaccharide derivative is covalently bound through a spacer to the surface hydroxyl groups of a refractory inorganic oxide. The spacer molecules are omega-isocyanatoalkylene silanes. Favored refractory inorganic oxides are alumina and silica gel. Cellulose esters and cellulose phenyl carbamates are among the most favored of the chiral polysaccharides.

Abstract: A set of chiral stationary phases is based on yohimbine and its derivatives. One set of chiral stationary phases is based on a coating of yohimbine and yohimbine derivatives, and another set is based on covalent linkage of the chiral organic material to the underlying support. Both sets are effective in resolving enantiomeric mixtures.

Abstract: Benzyl alcohols having a chiral center at the benzylic carbon can be conveniently racemized by treatment with solid acids which are strongly acidic cation exchange materials. Racemization may be effected generally in the range from 20.degree.-150.degree. C. in aqueous or partly aqueous systems in combination with a water-miscible organic solvent to improve solubility of the alcohol. Similar racemizations may be effected for benzyl ethers and esters. This process is valuable for recycling of unwanted enantiomers obtained in the resolution of racemic mixtures.

Abstract: Flexible foam resistant to both photochemical and oxidative degradation result from the use of bis(N-alkylaminocyclohexyl)methanes as curing agents for polyisocyanates or polyisocyanate prepolymers. The chain extenders may be used alone or in combination with other polyamines and with polyols. Where the polyisocyanate or polyisocyanate prepolymer is also aliphatic there is outstanding resistance to yellowing.

Abstract: Bis(N-alkylaminocyclohexyl)methanes are excellent chain extenders in the formation of polyurethane and polyurea polymers, both elastomers and coatings, from both monomeric polyisocyanates and isocyanate-terminated prepolymers. Our chain extenders may be used alone or in combination with other polyamines and with polyols. A broad spectrum of polymeric material can be formed with a range of diverse properties.

Abstract: Rigid urea-modified polyisocyanurate foams with improved dimensional stability and flame retardancy have densities of 0.5-20 p.c.f., a limiting oxygen index greater than 22 and dimensional changes at 100% R.H. and 70.degree. C. of less than 2% in any linear dimension and a method of making same. The method comprises reacting an organic polyisocyanate, a blowing agent and an N,N'-dialkyl aromatic diamine in the presence of a trimerization catalyst and, if water is used as the blowing agent, a blowing catalyst, wherein the N,N'-dialkyl aromatic diamine and an amine produced by water, if used, constitute the sole sources of active hydrogen.

Abstract: Rigid urea-modified polyisocyanurate foams with improved dimensional stability and flame retardancy have densities of 1-12 p.c.f., a limiting oxygen index greater than 22 and dimensional changes at 100% R.H. and 70.degree. C. of less than 2% in any linear dimension and a method of making same. The method comprises reacting an organic polyisocyanate, a blowing agent and an N,N'-dialkyl aromatic diamine in the presence of a trimerization catalyst and, if water is used as the blowing agent, a blowing catalyst, wherein the N,N'-dialkyl aromatic diamine and an amine produced by water, if used, constitute the sole sources of active hydrogen.

Abstract: N,N'-di-sec-alkenyl-or-di-sec-alkyl-substituted methylene diphenyl diamines are effective curing agents for making polyurethane foams from MDI-based polyisocyanates. The diamines are especially advantageous since foams of lower density having lower hardness can be obtained without utilizing chlorofluorocarbous (CFC's) and without sacrificing tensile strength, tear strength, SAG or compression set values.

Abstract: The polyurethanes and polyureas resulting from ambient-temperature-curing isocyanate-terminated urethane prepolymers with N-alkyl-substituted aromatic polyamines and, optionally, with an added polyol, but primary amine-free, in the presence of a combination catalyst comprising an aliphatic carboxylic acid, e.g., adipic, stearic, oleic acids, and an organometallic catalyst containing, e.g., tin, mercury, bismuth, etc. are broadly useful as coating on the surface of objects made of metal, wood, glass, plastic or masonry materials such as concrete, bricks, etc. or as castings cured in situ. One-shot and quasi-prepolymer systems are also disclosed. The diamine N,N'-di-(sec-butyl)-4,4'-methylenedianiline is a particularly useful diamine.

Abstract: N,N'-dialkyl- and diarylphenylenediamines are effective curing agents in combination with other polyamines and polyols in reaction injection molding for a diverse class of polyisocyanates. The diamines provide a broad spectrum of cure times, as well as giving elastomers an interesting and useful diversity of properties. Such polyamines may be used as a constituent in a blend of polyamines as the isocyanate-reactive component, in which case the elastomer may be viewed as predominantly a polyurea, or as a constituent in a blend with polyols, in which case the elastomer may be viewed as an elastomer with both urethane and urea segments.

Abstract: Vinyl ether terminated urethane resins may be prepared by reacting the product obtained by the addition of acetylene to an organic polyol with an isocyanate-containing compound at temperatures ranging from about ambient to about 125.degree. C. The thus prepared resin may then be cured by irradiation from an electron beam, thermally or by exposure to an ultraviolet light to cure the resin and form a coating material.