Abstract: A tire pressure monitoring system and method for vehicles equipped with anti-lock breaking systems (ABS), especially vehicles with more than two axles, is provided. Wheel sensors associated with the ABS are utilized to sense variables which depend on wheel rotation, such as speed of rotation of the wheels or travel distances covered by the wheels. An ABS control unit logically combines the determined variables with one another and performs an evaluation with respect to change of rolling radii of the wheels while allowing for changes of the variable caused by driving operation. The ABS control unit generates a warning signal when the change of variables caused by tire pressure decrease exceeds a preselected limit value. In addition to the wheel sensors, a tire pressure measuring system which measures the absolute tire inflation pressure of the wheels of at least one axle and generates a warning signal when the measured tire inflation pressure drops below a preselected setpoint pressure can be utilized.

Abstract: A tire pressure monitoring system and method for vehicles equipped with anti-ing lock breaking systems (ABS), especially vehicles with more than two axles, is provided. Wheel sensors associated with the ABS are utilized to sense variables which depend on wheel rotation, such as speed of rotation of the wheels or travel distances covered by the wheels. An ABS control unit logically combines the determined variables with one another and performs an evaluation with respect to change of rolling radii of the wheels while allowing for changes of the variable caused by driving operation. The ABS control unit generates a warning signal when the change of variables caused by tire pressure decrease exceeds a preselected limit value. In addition to the wheel sensors, a tire pressure measuring system which measures the absolute tire inflation pressure of the wheels of at least one axle and generates a warning signal when the measured tire inflation pressure drops below a preselected setpoint pressure can be utilized.

Abstract: A carrier assembly (10) for a circuit board includes a copper insert (12) pressed into an aluminum carrier (14). The copper insert has an undercut recess (36). As the insert (12) is pressed into the carrier (14), a portion of the carrier material is flowed into the undercut recess (36) to provide a firm interlocking of the insert (12) with the carrier (14).

Abstract: A signal (S) has a value at every point in time. The values may change in time and may lie within or outside a predetermined basic value range (BVMIN, BVMAX). The signal (S) is processed so that control steps associated with the values of the signal (S) are carried out when certain values of the signal (S) occur outside the basic value range (BVMIN, BVMAX). It may then occur that the carrying out of the control steps may be triggered in an undesirable manner because of implausible values of the signal (S). Such an implausible signal behavior must be recognized rapidly and the undesirable effects of the implausible signal behavior must be decreased or totally prevented at an early moment. For this purpose a value of the signal (S) occurring with relative frequency is determined as a dominant value (DV) as well as a frequency value (FV), which indicates frequency of occurrence of values of the signal (S) situated in the vicinity of the dominant value (DV).

Abstract: In a motor vehicle with one or several driven axles, as well as with corresponding equalizing gears and/or power dividers for the compensation of differences in the speeds of the wheels, the spinning of wheels and/or axles is avoided through the use of braking devices for the braking of individual wheels, in conjunction with locking devices for the above-mentioned equalizing gears and/or power dividers. Upon reaching a predetermined speed difference value between the drive axles, a reduction of this speed difference is first brought about by actuation of the corresponding braking devices. When a predetermined approach tendency of the wheel speeds to each other is reached, a synchronization of the wheels is obtained by actuating the appropriate locking device. In this manner, a synchronization of rotating parts is achieved during any speed behavior of the rotating parts, without damage to parts of the motor vehicle.

Abstract: The substrate (10) has a first side (12) and a second side (14) and includes an insert material (16) having a first thermal conductivity (24) in a first direction (25) and having a second thermal conductivity (26) in a second direction (27). A plurality of vias (30) are formed in the second direction through the insert material and an encapsulant material (18) surrounds the insert material. When an electronic component (22) is disposed on the first side, heat (25) from the electronic component is conducted in the first direction by the insert material and is conducted in the second direction through the plurality of vias.