Abstract: A method for determining a quantity of a gas contained in a tank of a gas insulated switchgear. The method includes during a calibration phase: (i) acquiring a plurality of successive sets of calibration samples comprising a gas pressure, a gas temperature and an ambient temperature, (ii) for each set of calibration samples, determining a corrected gas temperature from a model and (iii) determining a gas quantity contained in the tank from a gas state equation and from the determined corrected gas temperature. The method further includes during a measurement phase: (v) determining a corrected gas temperature from the model and from an acquired gas temperature, gas pressure and ambient temperature, and (vi) determining the quantity from the gas state equation and from the determined corrected gas temperature.

Abstract: Monitoring the condition of an electrical apparatus based on an estimated temperature of a conductor in the electrical apparatus, including receiving a measured temperature value from a first thermal sensor disposed in the electrical apparatus and configured to sense temperature at a location separated from the conductor by an insulator, generating an estimated conductor temperature value based on applying a non-linear model to the measured temperature value, and monitoring the condition of the electrical apparatus based on the estimated conductor temperature. The non-linear model may include a Hammerstein Wiener model.

Abstract: A process for obtaining terephthalic acid and recovering sodium hydroxide from a sodium terephthalate solution produced from reused PET, which includes the following steps: i) placing a sodium terephthalate solution obtained from a PET hydrolysis process on the anodic side; ii) placing an alcoholic medium on the cathodic side of the electrolytic cell; iii) applying an electric current that circulates through the anodic side and the cathodic side of the electrolytic cell and; iv) recovering terephthalic acid and sodium hydroxide. The method has been designed to not generate the by-products generated in the PET recycling process, and thus have a “green” process. Furthermore, the method described does not require large amounts of water or energy.

Abstract: A method for determining an operational status of a switching device for switching an electrical unit including a first circuit and a second circuit, each circuit respectively including: a vacuum breaker including a fixed electrode and a mobile electrode; and a control device connected to the mobile electrode via an elastic device. The method including: for each of the first and second circuits, determining a transition instant at which the mobile electrode comes into contact with the fixed electrode; determining a difference between the transition instant of the first vacuum breaker and the transition instant of the second vacuum breaker; determining that the operational status is a first status known as “nominal synchronization” if the difference is less than a threshold; and determining that the operational status is a second status known as “abnormal synchronization” if the difference is greater than the threshold.

Abstract: An electric pump system and method of operating the same involves pumping a fluid through a fluid passageway defined in a mechanical pump from a pump inlet to a hollow shaft of a motor, through the hollow shaft to an internal motor cavity defined by a housing of the motor, and through another fluid passageway defined in the motor housing and mechanical pump that leads to a pump outlet. The system and method further involve pumping the fluid through another fluid passageway defined in the mechanical pump from yet another pump inlet to the pump outlet. The temperature of fluid exiting the hollow shaft can be assessed and used by an electronic control unit (ECU) of the electric pump system to control the same. The electric pump system can be part of a cooling and lubrication system for an electric vehicle transmission, gearbox, differential or transfer case, for example.

Abstract: A method for detecting an abnormal event in an insulator of an electrical conductor of a medium-voltage or high-voltage electrical device. The method includes: acquiring a set of successive samples of a vibration signal associated with the electrical conductor; determining a modelled value of a following sample based on the acquired set of samples and on a prediction model, the prediction model being obtained through machine learning of the vibration signal based on a set of samples acquired in reference conditions in which the electrical conductor is free from any abnormal event; acquiring the following sample of the vibration signal; calculating a difference between the value of the acquired sample and the modelled value; and if the calculated difference is greater than a predetermined threshold, detecting an abnormal event in the electrical conductor.

Abstract: A method for testing capacitive current switching of a circuit breaker, including: realizing a capacitive current switching by the circuit breaker, measuring voltage at the terminals of the circuit breaker after the capacitive current switching, calculating the gradient of the measured voltage, determining whether there is at least one point of gradient whose amplitude exhibits an absolute value greater than a first predetermined threshold, and when such a point is determined, identifying the instant of appearance of the determined point and of the amplitude of variation of the voltage at that instant, as voltage drop.

Abstract: An electric pump system and method of operating the same involves pumping a fluid through a fluid passageway defined in a mechanical pump from a pump inlet to a hollow shaft of a motor, through the hollow shaft to an internal motor cavity defined by a housing of the motor, and through another fluid passageway defined in the motor housing and mechanical pump that leads to a pump outlet. The system and method further involve pumping the fluid through another fluid passageway defined in the mechanical pump from yet another pump inlet to the pump outlet. The temperature of fluid exiting the hollow shaft can be assessed and used by an electronic control unit (ECU) of the electric pump system to control the same. The electric pump system can be part of a cooling and lubrication system for an electric vehicle transmission, gearbox, differential or transfer case, for example.

Abstract: A method for determining a quantity of a gas contained in a tank of an insulated switchgear. The method includes: (i) acquiring a first temperature and a second temperature measured by a gas temperature sensor respectively at a first instant and at a second instant during a calibration phase; (ii) acquiring a first pressure and a second pressure measured by a gas pressure sensor at the first instant and at the second instant; (iii) determining a steady-state model of the tank thermal exchanges from the first and second acquired temperature and from the first and second acquired pressure; (iv) acquiring a gas temperature, a gas pressure and an ambient temperature during a measurement phase and (v) calculating the quantity of the gas contained in the tank from the acquired gas temperature, the acquired gas pressure, the acquired ambient temperature and from the determined steady state model.

Abstract: An electric motor includes a case, a stator having stator windings, a rotor having a rotor shaft, and at least one main rotor bearing coupling the rotor shaft to the case. Common mode charge builds up on the rotor due to imbalances of the stator. The at least one main rotor bearing has a first electrical resistance between the rotor shaft and the case. The electric motor further includes a rotor discharge bearing coupling the rotor shaft to the case. The rotor discharge bearing has a second electrical resistance between the rotor shaft and the case that is less than the first electrical resistance, causing the common mode charge to discharge through the rotor discharge bearing. In a differing embodiment, a rotor discharge brush coupled between the case and the rotor shaft along the longitudinal axis of the rotor shaft discharges the common mode charge.

Abstract: A method operates a power converter having at least one series circuit of switching modules, which each have semiconductor switches and an energy store. In which method a switching frequency of the switching modules is controlled by tolerance based modulation, and the forming of a switching integral value for the tolerance based modulation takes into account an absolute amount of an arm current flowing through the series circuit. A power converter has a control device that is configured to perform the method.

Abstract: Method for monitoring for partial discharges in an electrical installation comprising at least one electrical cubicle, the electrical cubicle comprising at least one item of medium-voltage or high-voltage electrical equipment.

Abstract: A method for detecting an abnormal event in an insulator of an electrical conductor of a medium-voltage or high-voltage electrical device. The method includes: acquiring a set of successive samples of a vibration signal associated with the electrical conductor; determining a modelled value of a following sample based on the acquired set of samples and on a prediction model, the prediction model being obtained through machine learning of the vibration signal based on a set of samples acquired in reference conditions in which the electrical conductor is free from any abnormal event; acquiring the following sample of the vibration signal; calculating a difference between the value of the acquired sample and the modelled value; and if the calculated difference is greater than a predetermined threshold, detecting an abnormal event in the electrical conductor.

Abstract: A method for classifying a partial discharge in an insulator of an electrical conductor of a medium voltage or high voltage electrical device, the method allowing a partial discharge to be classified from between at least one first class and a second class distinct from the first class. The method includes: obtaining a set of samples each corresponding to at least one partial discharge, determining a classification model by automatic learning based on at least one statistical quantity of the samples of the set, acquiring a new sample corresponding to at least one partial discharge, and determining the class of the partial discharge associated with the new sample acquired using the classification model.

Abstract: A power converter has at least one series circuit of switching modules that each have semiconductor switches and an energy storage unit. A method of operating the power converter includes a step of making a prediction for at least one voltage value of the power converter and carrying out switching operations on the switching modules based on the prediction in order to regulate a switching frequency. There is also described a power converter that is configured to carry out a method according to the invention.

Abstract: A method for determining an operational status of a switching device for switching an electrical unit including a first circuit and a second circuit, each circuit respectively including: a vacuum breaker including a fixed electrode and a mobile electrode; and a control device connected to the mobile electrode via an elastic device. The method including: for each of the first and second circuits, determining a transition instant at which the mobile electrode comes into contact with the fixed electrode; determining a difference between the transition instant of the first vacuum breaker and the transition instant of the second vacuum breaker; determining that the operational status is a first status known as “nominal synchronization” if the difference is less than a threshold; and determining that the operational status is a second status known as “abnormal synchronization” if the difference is greater than the threshold.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device, a method, a computer program product and an application for establishing a current load level of a user. The device and the method comprise a mobile terminal, which comprises at least one sensor generating signal data and a plurality of available applications for use by the user and also an evaluation unit. According to the invention, provision is made for the mobile terminal to comprise an application, which is configured as further application and establishes a plurality of biometric data in respect of the user, at least from the signal data or from available applications used by the user, and to make said data available to the evaluation unit, and for the evaluation unit to determine the current load level of the user from the biometric data.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and compositions for producing cannabinoids in photosynthetic microorganisms, e.g., cyanobacteria.

Abstract: An electric motor includes a case, a stator having stator windings, a rotor having a rotor shaft, and at least one main rotor bearing coupling the rotor shaft to the case. Common mode charge builds up on the rotor due to imbalances of the stator. The at least one main rotor bearing has a first electrical resistance between the rotor shaft and the case. The electric motor further includes a rotor discharge bearing coupling the rotor shaft to the case. The rotor discharge bearing has a second electrical resistance between the rotor shaft and the case that is less than the first electrical resistance, causing the common mode charge to discharge through the rotor discharge bearing. In a differing embodiment, a rotor discharge brush coupled between the case and the rotor shaft along the longitudinal axis of the rotor shaft discharges the common mode charge.

Abstract: Monitoring the condition of an electrical apparatus based on an estimated temperature of a conductor in the electrical apparatus, including receiving a measured temperature value from a first thermal sensor disposed in the electrical apparatus and configured to sense temperature at a location separated from the conductor by an insulator, generating an estimated conductor temperature value based on applying a non-linear model to the measured temperature value, and monitoring the condition of the electrical apparatus based on the estimated conductor temperature. The non-linear model may include a Hammerstein Wiener model.